• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.206-209
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• 1985

White needle crystalline compound, mp.\;78{\sim}79$, was isolated from the petroleum ether fraction of the aerial parts of Chenopodium acuminatum. This compound was supposed to be cycloalkane by chemical properties, spectral data and elemental analysis. After extraction with petroleum ether, the methanolic extract of this plant found to contain aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, cystine, valine, isoleucine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine. Inorganic elements contained in this plant are as following: Mg 4.84%, Ca 9.602%, Zn 1.11%, K 29.104%, Mn 5.124%, Fe 27.039%, Co 0.31%, Pb 0.995%, Na 0.039% and Cu, 0.0076%.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.68-71
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• 1999

To illustrate the action mechanism of pencycuron on Rhizoctonia solani, two experiments were conducted including the comparison of amino acids of $\beta$-tubulin between R-C (sensitive isolate) and Rh-131 (non-sensitive isolate), and the inhibitory effect of pencycuron on tubulin assembly in vitro. Both $\beta$-tubulin genes of R-C and Rh-131 proved to have 1,582 nucleotides encoding a protein of 445 amino acids, showing 98% homology in amino acid sequences between them. It was found that codons at 103, 236, and 267 for lysine (AGG), valine (GTC) and isoleucine (ATT) in R-C were replaced by codons for methionine (ATG), isoleucine (ATT) and methionine (ATG) in Rh-131, respectively. No inhibitory effect of pencycuron on the tubulin assembly was observed. It suggests that pencycuron may have no direct inhibitory effects on the assembly of tubulin at least in vitro.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.117-121
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• 1990

Browning intensity is a major factor to estimate the quality of red ginseng or red ginseng products. The Maillard type of browning reaction proceeds nonenzymatically during extraction and concentration of red ginseng. The present studies were carried out to investigate the effects of amino acids and sugars on the browning reaction during extraction and concentration of red ginseng. Red ginseng was pulverized to 115 mesh and then tenfold (v/w) of water was added to the powder to make the substrate of red ginseng. Solution (0.1 M) of fourteen amino acids and of folly silgars were added to the substrates of red ginseng powder and these were then extracted and concentrated to examine their browning intensities. Amino acids were more effective than sligars in acrelerating the browning reaction. Acceleration of the browning reaction in the concentrate was in the order of arginine> histidine>glycine>alanine>lysine phenyl alanine>aspartic acid>lelicine>threonine>gllitamic acid>tyrosine>valine>istleucine>methionine for amino acids, and was glucose>frlictose >silcrose, maltose for sugars.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1968

This experiment was undertaken the purpose of investigating the difference of the content of free amino acids in the diseased and healthy leaves of the resistance and susceptible rice varieties, to blast by means of paper chromatography. The results obtained are summarized as follows. (1) In the healthy and diseased leaves, the former was founded nine to tell sorts of free amino acids and later was observed eleven. In the both of leaves, alanine and valine were contained in larger amount, and aspartic acid, glycine and arginine were found relatively less in general. (2) In the diseased leaves, the amino acids were increased in quantity, especially glutamine and aspartic acid were remarkable, and cystine were found only in the diseased ones. (3) It seems to that the health leaves in all varieties were observed the amino acid contents, in notably increase and decrease, but in the diseased ones were not changed in amount. Tatacho, susceptible variety was more contained the amount of glutamine and aspartic acid than Zenith, resistance one.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.253-253
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• 1994

영지와 구름버섯의 원형질체 융합 균주 F-1의 배양 균사체로 부터 열수추출한 분획 Fr.I을 DEAE-cellulose ion chromatography와 gel filtration chromatography를 통하여 분획 Fr.II, III, IV,로 분리 정제하였다. Sarcoma 180에 대한 종양억제율을 검사한 결과 Fr.IV는 68.73%로 가장 우수하였으며 동계 복수암에 대한 수명 연장 효과도 140 %의 유의적인 결과를 얻었다. 면역 관련 장기의 중량에 대한 영향을 실험한 결과 정상군에 비해 간, 비장 및 흉선의 중량을 증가시켰고, 마우스 암세포에 대한 직접적인 세포독성 작용을 보이지 않았으나 면역 실험을 실시한 결과, 마우스에서 용혈반 형성세포수를 1,36배 증가시켰으며 암이식군에서 감소된 T lymphocyte활성을 정상수준까지 회복시켰고 또, macrophage의 superoxide anion 분비를 2.25배 증가시켰다. 이로써 이 항암 성분은 면역세포를 활성화시켜 항암 효과를 나타냄을 의미한다. Fr.IV히 분자량은 7.9$\times$$10^4$ dalton이고 75,57%의 다당체와 4.47%의 단백질로 이루어졌으며 그 다당체는 주로 glucase, xylose와 mannose로 구성된 heteropolysaccharide이었으며 그 단백질은 Alanine과 Valine을 위시한 15종의 아미노산을 함유하고 있음이 확인되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.204-204
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• 1994

Ganoderma lucidum의 균사체로 부터 얻어진 G009의 이화학적 특성을 규명하였다. G009는 넓은 범위의 분자량 분포를 가지고 있는 다당체로 분자량 9.4kD의 물질이 주성분이었다 G009의 당의 함량은 약 70%이었고 단백질은 약 2.4%인 것으로 나타났다. G009의 주요 구성당은 glucose, xylose, mannose, galactose 등이었고, glycine, leucine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, proline 등 17종의 아미노산이 확인되었다. 유기원소 분석 결과 G009는 탄소 약 40%, 수소 5.7%, 질소 1.8%의 구성비를 보였으며, 무기원소 분석결과 Ca, Mg, Zn 등이 확인되었다. 이상의 결과로 부터 G009는 9.4 kD의 분자량을 갖는 단백다당체를 주성분으로 하는 당화합물로 추정된다.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 1995

The effects of amino acids in growth media on the biosynthesis of Serratia marcescens biodegradative threonine dehydratase activity were examined. The enzyme activity was decreased by 44 and 34% by 10 mM isoleucine and valine, respectively, whereas it was increased approximately by 20% by 10 mM threonine. Among several metabolites tested, pyruvate increased the enzyme activity by 60% at 5 mM, but decreased the enzyme activity approximately by 20 to 70% above 20 mM. The enzyme activity was increased by 64% by 5 mM glyoxylate, whereas it decreased the enzyme activity approximately by 40 to 70% above 20 mM glyoxylate. The thiamine, monopyrrole derivative, also increased the enzyme activity by 84% at 50 $\mu $g/ml, but did not affected the enzyme activity above 300 $\mu $g/ml. cAMP increased the enzyme activity by 58% at 0.5 mM, but decreased the enzyme activity by 15% at 2 mM. These data suggested that the biosynthesis of Serratia marcescens biodegradative threonine dehydratase is regulated by concentrations of pyruvate, glyoxylate and cAMP.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.647-651
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• 1995

A tylosin-hyperproductive mutant of S. fradiae MNU20 was isolated among 3500 strains obtaincd from either MNNG- or UV-treated Streptomyces fradiae NRRL2702. The composition of optimal medium for tylosin production was formulated as followed as: 4 g soluble starch, 1 g glucose, 1 g corn steep liquor, 7.5 ml soy bean oil, 0.2 g KH$_{2}$PO$_{4}$, 1 g Na$_{2}$S$_{2}$O$_{3}$$\cdot $5H$_{2}$O, 2 g CaCO$_{3}$, 2 g NaCl, 0.001 g CoCl$_{2}$$\cdot $6H$_{2}$O in 1 liter of distilled water. With the optimal medium, S. fradiae MNU20 was able to produce 159 mg tylosin (g biomass)$^{-1}$, indicating that tylosin productivity of Streptomyces fradiae NRRL2702 was increased 14 times higher by mutation. When the effect of valine, succinate, and natural zeolite on tylosin production was investigated by using the optimal medium, these substances essentially enhanced tylosin production and their addition time during culture period appeared to be critical for the increase of tylosin production.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1954-1959
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• 2015

Bacillus subtilis HM1 was isolated from the rhizosphere region of halophytes for its antifungal activity against Colletotrichum acutatum, the causative agent of anthracnose. Treatment of postharvest apples with the cell culture or with a cell-free culture supernatant reduced disease severity 80.7% and 69.4%, respectively. Both treatments also exhibited antifungal activity against various phytopathogenic fungi in vitro. The antifungal substances were purified and analyzed by acid precipitation, gel filtration, high-performance liquid chromatography, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Three compounds were identified as fengycin, iturin, and surfactin. The MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrum revealed the presence of cyclized fengycin homologs A and B, which were distinguishable on the basis of the presence of either alanine or valine, respectively, at position 6 of the peptide sequence. In addition, the cyclized structure of fengycin was shown to play a critical role in antifungal activity.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.99-104
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• 2000

Physical properties and performance characteristics of sodium salt of several pure N-acyl amino acids made from glycine, dl-alanine, sarcosine, dl-valine, l-leucine, l-aspartic acid and l-lysine seven long chain fatty acids are reported. The effect of acyl chain length and the differences in the structure of constituent amino acid of seven homologous series of amide intermediate linked carboxylate surfactant of this class on the properties are discussed.