• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1994년도 교수 연수회(역학)
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• pp.137-141
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• 1994

The purpose of this paper is to examine what is meant by a ralid measure of health. Guyatt, Kirshner and Jaeschke propose that health tests should be designed so as to have one of several kinds of validity: 'longitudinal construct validity' for those which are used for longitudinal research designs, and 'cross-sectional construct validity' for those which are used for cross-sectional designs. Williams and Naylor argue that this approach to test classification and validation confuses what a test purports to measure with the purpose for which it is used, and that some tests have multiple uses. A review of the meanings of validity in the psychologica test literature shows that both sets of authors use the term validity in an idiosyncratic way. Although the use of a test (evaluated by content validity) should not be conflated with whether the test actually measures a specified construct (evaluated by construct validity);' if health is actually made up of several constructs (as suggested in Hyland's interactional model) then there may be an association between types of construct and types of purpose. Evidence is reviewed that people make several, independent judgements about their health: cognitive perceptions of health problems are likely to be more sensitive to change in a longitudinal research design. whereas emotional evaluations of health provide less bias in cross-sectional designs. Thus. a classification of health measures in terms of the purpose of the test may parallel a classification in terms of what tests purport to measure.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to establish the reliability and validity of the passive lumbar extension (PLE) test and prone instability test (PIT). Thirty-three subjects (14 males, 19 females) with lower back pain enrolled in the study and the subjects were divided into 2 groups (positive and negative instability groups) on the basis of radiographies of flexion and extension. Reliability was determined by the kappa coefficient and validity was examined using calculated sensitivity, specificity, and the likelihood ratio. The results showed that the reliability of the PLE test was higher than the PIT (intra-rater reliability: k=.86 and k=.81, interrater reliability: k=.65 and k=.62) and the validity of the PLE test was also higher than the PIT (sensitivity: 91% and 62%, specificity: 95% and 85% positive likelihood ratio: 20.00 and 4.10, negative likelihood ratio: .10 and .45). In conclusion, we think that the PLE test was a more reliable and valid method for lumbar instability than the PIT.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.13-30
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• 2008

This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of a diagnostic instrument to be used to measure the developmental level of very young children (aged birth through 36 months) and to screen young children at risk. The subjects of this study were 861 young children. Data were analyzed by item response distribution, item discrimination, reliability, and validity of the scale. Items reflected the developmental level of each age group. Overall internal consistency was relatively high (Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.90{\sim}.95$), and test-retest (after 2 weeks) reliability was high. Content validity was examined by a panel of experts in the related field. The construct validity as well as the concurrent validity of this instrument was also established.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1986

This article presents a short objective test for measuring attitudes toward consumerism. The samples are composed of 196 home economics and social studies teachers of middle and high school. The test is shown to have high internal consistency reliability(${\alpha}$=70) and unidimensionality. The test is also shown to have satisfactory content validity and concurrent validity. Extention of the test for stability and predictive validity are discussed.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.125-147
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• 2012

The primary goal of the study was to provide some preliminary validity evidence for the Vocabulary Grade Levels Test (Busan Metropolitan City Office of Education, 2009), which is designed to measure the receptive vocabulary knowledge of learners in L2. For the purpose of the current study, 327 participants at the elementary school participated in the study and were asked to take two different vocabulary tests. Namely, a Vocabulary Size Test (Nation, 2001) and a Vocabulary Grade Levels Test. The data were analyzed using correlation in order to discover the relationship between these two types of tests. Following this, the Rasch analysis was conducted to examine the reliability and validity of the measurement in question. The data analysis showed that both grade separation reliability and item separation reliability were high, indicating that the Vocabulary Grade Levels Test well discriminates learners with a wide range of proficiency levels. The findings of the study are discussed, along with further improvements in order to ascertain the validity of this particular vocabulary test.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.259-269
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• 2009

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a breast feeding adaptation scale (BFAS) to evaluate adaptation to breastfeeding for breastfeeding mothers and their infants and to test the validity and reliability of the instrument. Methods: The study was conducted as follows: application of the conceptual framework, identification of the content domains, items generation, and test of validity and reliability. In order to test validity and reliability, two panels of experts reviewed items and subcategories of the preliminary questionnaire and then data were collected from 329 mothers who were up to 4 weeks postpartum and breastfeeding. Descriptive statistics, t-test, factor analysis, and Cronbach's alpha were used to analyze the data. Results: The conceptual framework was based on the Roy adaptation model. The content domains were developed via literature review, review of instruments, and data acquired from the interviews of breastfeeding mothers and nurses. A total of 69 items belonging to 8 domains were generated. A reduction to 44 preliminary items was accomplished through content validity analysis. Factor analysis extracted 8 factors with a total of 27 items on a 5-point Likert scale. Content validity, construct validity, criterion validity, and reliability of the BFAS were established. Conclusion: The newly developed BFAS is a reliable and valid instrument with which the adaptation of breastfeeding mothers and their infants to the breastfeeding behavior can be evaluated.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.281-289
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aims to develop the Korean version of Presenteeism Scale for Students and verify its reliability and validity. Methods: This study conducted a survey with 320 undergraduate students who are attending nursing departments at three universities. The survey was conducted twice, from June 1 to August 31, 2017. Results: The Cronbach's α of K-PSS was .70 indicating high reliability. As a result of testing the content validity of K-PSS was verified by calculating the Item level-Content Validity Index (I-CVI) of .87. The correlation between Medical Outcome Study 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) score and Work Impairment Score (WIS), Work Output Score (WOS), Hours of absenteeism (HA) was analyzed to verify the concurrent validity of K-PSS. SF-36 score was correlated with WIS, WOS, HA. To test the differentiated validity of K-PSS, a total of 38 subjects were assessed by the paired t-test. As a result, only WIS score showed a significant difference between pre-test and post-test. Conclusion: Since the reliability and validity of the K-PSS developed through this study have been verified, it is expected to be used in various studies related to the presenteeism of students.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2018

Background: Kinovea software that tracking semi-automatically the motion in video screen has been used to study motion-related tasks in several studies. However, the validation of this software in open field test to assess locomotor activity have not been studied yet. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of this software in analyzing locomotor activities. Methods: Thirty male Institute Cancer Research mice were subjected in this study. The results examined by this software and the classical method were compared. Test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability were analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The validity of this software was analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: This software showed good test-retest reliability (ICC=0.997, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.975-0.994, p<0.001). This software also showed good inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.987, 95% CI=0.973-0.994, p<0.001). Furthermore, in three analyses for the validity of this software, there were significant correlations between two methods (Pearson's correlation coefficient=0.928-0.972, p<0.001). In addition, this software showed good reliability and validity in the analysis locomotor activity according to time interval. Conclusion: This study showed that this software in analyzing drug-induced locomotor activity has good reliability and validity. This software can be effectively used in animal study using the analysis of locomotor activity.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2023

본 연구는 인공지능 소양 능력의 측정을 위한 검사 기준의 설계와 개발을 목적으로 한다. 선행연구와 전문가 FGI를 통해 AI 소양의 핵심 영역을 선정하고 세부 기준을 설계하였다. 검사 기준의 영역은 AI의 개념, 실제와 영향 3가지로 구분하고 세부 항목은 AI의 개념 33문항, AI의 실제 13문항, AI의 영향 15문항으로 구성하였다. 검사 기준의 타당성 확보를 위해 2번에 걸친 전문가 타당도 검사를 실시하여 검사 기준을 수정, 보완하였다. 최종 AI소양 검사 기준은 총 30문항으로 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 AI소양 검사 기준은 AI소양 능력 측정을 위한 자기 체크리스트나 AI역량 검사 문항을 개발하는 중요한 도구가 되기를 기대한다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.148-156
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• 2010

Purpose: Oral mucositis (OM) is a serious consequence of chemotherapy that cancer patients must undergo. The objectives of this study were to find out reliability and validity of patients self-reported daily questionnaires on OM, and the impact OM makes on daily functions. Method: To test the reliability of oral mucositis daily questionnaire (OMDQ), internal consistency of the instrument (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ and correlation between items) and test-retest reliability were analyzed. Criterion validity and discriminative validity were evaluated using WHO, oral assessment guide, and Nicolatou assessment tool. Forty-eight acute leukemic patients under chemotherapy were enrolled in this study. Result: The Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient indicated sufficient internal consistency. Correlations of Mouth and throat soreness (MTS) and MTSActivity Limitations (MTS-AL) were statistically significant. MTS and MTS-AL scores on consecutive days were highly correlated (days13,14=.84-.96; test-retest reliability). OMDQ scale had high criterion validity and discriminative validity. Patients with more severe WHO OM grades had higher MTS mean scores. Conclusion: Oral mucositis in acute leukemic patients under going chemotherapy can be easily quantified by patient self-administered OMDQ with reliability and validity.