• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.316-318
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• 2015

The efficient utilization of VTS console functions in terms of user helps carry out VTS tasks successfully. All the console functions for VTS operation have been surveyed. The default functions used in current VTS console are evaluated by VTS operation, Most popular functions are categorized, and the other functions for the advanced VTS services are suggested. The result of research expect application possibility when designing of GUI.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.47-58
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to find out the impacts of VTS on the marine safety and users' opinion on the VTS which have been being operated in the port of Pohang for the last 3 years and is to suggest a guideline to the successful operation of VTS in the future. This study is based upon the questionnaire survey and the respondents include 236 masters/mates of merchant vessels who have visited the port of Pohang and 6 pilots who have been working in the port. From the questionnaire results, this study notes the following conclusions related to the VTS operations. (1) A few of the respondents (mainly foreigners) do not understand the entering procedure of the port and the fundamental concept of VTS. Accordingly, the more active VTS services have to be provided for the mariners. (2) It was found that themost dangerous factors in tehvicinity of the port were the floating materials, fishing nets, andillegal fishing activities inthe fairway. Therefore, the proper surveillance, stricter enforcement of Acts and the instructive education for the fishermen are required to avoid the risks. (3) A majority of the respondents agreed the VTS has contributed to the safety of vessel traffic, and they pointed out ' the assiatances in reduced visibililty conditions' is the most important task of VTS. The amount of 75.6% of the respondents answered that they have experienced the assistance from VTS more than 1 time since the system was established in the port of Pohang . Also 44.2% of the respondents considered they were able to avoid marine casualties such as collision, ramming or agrounding with the VTS assistances. (4) 49.2% of the respondents preferred the passive information services , while, 38.8% of them preferred the positive control advices in the case of encountering any potential risks. VTS iperators have to consider seriously when they provide the positive control advices of ship's course and speed. (5) A majority of the respondents confirmed that the prot and its approaches is suitable for the VTS coverge . To extend the service areas of the VTS and to improve radar detecting ability, the use of radar transponders are seen as the ideal method. (6) A minority of the respondents pointed out 'the improper orders or recommendatinos caused by the poor decision making' firstly, ' the language problem(sea-speaking in English)' secondly, as the deficiency of personal qualification. It seems, therefore, theat the personal efforts of the operators and systematic training programmes for them are necessary to solve the problems.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 1998

The fundamental objectives of vessel traffic services (VTS) are the safety of traffic, efficient traffic flow and the protection of marine environment. And the coverge of VTS is used to be within the port and their approaches. It , however, is tend to expand the coverge beyond the radar coverage and the vessel carrying dangerous cargo. Therefore this study aims to investigate the international tendancy of the extended VTS system, and take a field test of using KOREASAT for the extended VTS system in Korean coastal waters. As the results of the test, KOREASAT is proved to be one of the alternatives for extended VTS system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1995.11a
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• pp.15-27
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• 1995

The purpose of this paper is to describe the brief history of VTS in Korea including traffic separation scheme(TSS) and vessel movement reporting scheme(VMRS) in earlier time. The effectiveness of existing traffic services in Korean waters in mentioned in comparison with the results of other countries. Advanced VTS has been introduced in 1993 at the port of Pohang and thereafter a national VTS programme is developing to introduce the state-of-the-art system into major ports and their approaches including Yosu/Kwangyang Inchon and Pusan. This paper introduces the future expanding VTS programme is Some recommendations are made to enhance the traffic safety in Korean waters and to increase the effectiveness of the advanced VTS.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2006

해상교총관제는 해상운송에서의 운영적 ${\cdot}$ 환경적 위험을 강소시키기 위한 수단으로써 전 세계 여러 주요 항만과 수역에서 이용되고 있다. 현재 각 국에서는 자국연안에서의 선박통제제도를 적극적으로 실시하고 있으며, 해운의 활성화와 더불어 항만의 안전성 확보를 위하여 각국은 VTS에 관한 국내법을 제정하여 이를 시행하고 있다. 우리나라도 VTS와 관련하여 여러 규정들을 두고 있으나 각 개별입법 내에 산재해 있는 실정이며, VTS를 운영하는 관제요원의 책임과 권한을 명확하게 규정하고 있지 아니하다. 이에 향후 VTS 운영과 관련한 법제의 정비에 관한 논의를 촉진시키는 선행연구로써 현행 VTS 운영과 관련한 법적 문제점을 지적하고 개선방향을 제시한다. 우선 VTS 관제범위에 관한 논의는 국제법적 측면의 법리 정토가 필요하리라 생각되며, VTS 관제요원의 권한과 책임에 있어 적극적 관제에 대한 개념의 정립과 더불어 관제요원의 재인책임과 중과실 경과실에 대한 해상고유의 특성을 반영한 해석이 되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.277-284
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• 2014

This paper describes the application method of bumper area defined in the ship domain theory and it is to identify risky sectors in VTS(Vessel Traffic Services) area. The final goal of this work is to develop early warning system providing the location information with high traffic risks in Mokpo VTS area and to prevent the human errors of VTS Officer(VTSO). The current goal of this paper is to find evaluation and detection method of risky sectors. The ratio between overlapped bumper area of each vessels and the summing area of a designated sector, Ratio to Evaluate Risk(RER) ${\gamma}$ is used as one of evaluation and detection parameter. The usability of overlapped bumper area is testified through three kinds of scenarios for various traffic situations. The marine traffic data used in the experiments is collected by AIS(Automatic Identification System) receiver and then compiled in the SQL(Structured Query Language) Server. Through the analysis of passing vessel's tracks within the boundary of Mokpo VTS area, the total of 11 sectors are identified as evaluation unit sector. As experiment results from risk evaluation for the 11 sectors, it is clearly known that the proposed method with RER ${\gamma}$ can provide the location information of high risky sectors which are need to keep traffic tracks of vessel movements and to maintain traffic monitoring by VTSO.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39C no.6
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• pp.466-475
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• 2014

The IVEF service is the draft standard designed for exchange of information on sea traffic between the vessel traffic systems and between the vessels. Standardization of this service is under way as a part of the next-generation navigation system, called e-Navigation. The International Association of Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) suggests, on its recommendation V-145, the IVEF service model and the protocol for provisioning of this service. But the detailed configuration of this service must be designed by the users. This study suggests, based on the basic service model and protocol provided in the recommendation V-145, the implementation of the J-VTS middleware which will facilitate exchange of information on sea traffic. The J-VTS middleware consists of various components for providing the IVEF service and for processing the IVEF message protocols. The vessel traffic systems and the vessels corresponding to upper-layer applications may use the IVEF service with the functions provided by the J-VTS middleware, and the services are designed to be accessed according to the security level of users.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.144-145
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• 2010

VTM is regarded as a core element in e-Navigation under developing by IMO. IMO's e-Navigation aims for VTM which could provide more navigational information for ships and provide more active VTS services for safe and efficient marine traffic environment. To be successful for VTM under e-Navigation, VTS operator's experience and ability for carrying out VTM tasks are essential. In this study, Decision-making support system for VTS operators are designed conceptually which support VTS operators' VTM tasks by providing informations on traffic risk, and predicted behaviour of ships. This paper describes a designed system with design concept, main functions, main elements and necessary technologies to be developed.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.217-225
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• 2014

The system that covers gathering, integrating, exchanging, presenting and analyzing of information within ships and shores for the safety and security in Marine Environment is known as e-Navigation Policy. Northern Europe has been conducting research and development. It came up into a concept that deals with ship's route information between vessels as well as vessels to shores which is better known as route exchange system. The research showed substantial advantages on navigational safety by exchanging the route information between vessels in vicinity and vessels to shores. Therefore, upon the adaptation of route exchange System as a major function in integrated navigational system, the existing procedures in VTS could be changed for betterment. In this study, it was verified the effectiveness of route exchange system by the adaptation of a recent collision accident occurred in Korean coast and suggested that route exchange system which would be carried out by the discretion of VTS center in VTS area. Finally, it proposed the new functions for outstanding services and procedures of integrating traffic organization services on coastal VTS for an effective route exchange system in Korean coastal area.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2001

Nowadays, it is planning to establish a coastal VTS in Korean southern coastal waters in order to enhance the safety of vessel traffic and to protect the marine environment. But, it surely needs over ten billions Won to establish, operate and maintain the above mentioned coastal VTS. Therefore, this paper proposes the VTS cost-benefit analysis model to confirm the reasonability and decide the priority of the project. This model has three distinct processes. Fist, it is the identification in qualitative terms of the effects of a given proposal. Second, it quantify the specified effects in physical terms. Third, it is the evaluation of the total effects of project. The proposed model in this Paper will contribute to the confirmation and the priority of the project in future.