• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.622-630
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• 2021

이 연구의 목적은 VR 기반 중재가 경도 지적장애 학생의 바리스타 업무 능력에 미치는 효과를 파악하는 것이었다. 이를 위해 전남·광주 지역의 경도 지적장애 고등학생 30명을 연구대상으로 선정하였고, 각 15명씩 실험집단과 통제집단에 배치하였다. 통제집단은 교사의 설명과 체험을 결합한 전통적인 수업에 참여하였고, 실험집단은 교사의 설명과 VR 프로그램 및 체험 활동을 결합한 중재에 참여하였다. 평가는 커피에 관한 지식 습득을 위한 기본 개념평가와 커피를 만드는 능력을 평가하는 기능평가로 구성되었고, 평가는 중재가 시작할 때, 중간, 중재가 끝난 후 세 번 실시하였다. 평가 자료는 반복측정 이원분산분석 방법으로 분석하였다. 분석결과, 실험집단이 통제집단보다 커피에 대한 기본 개념 학습과 커피를 제조하는 기술에서 모두 유의미한 향상을 나타내었다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.302-309
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• 2023

This study aimed to develop a VR-based digital therapeutic intervention for the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD. The research combined medical data with virtual reality technology to develop an algorithm for ADHD diagnostic scales and implemented a VR-based digital therapeutic platform using a head-mounted display (HMD). This platform can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents. Additionally, we four VR games were developed, including archery timing, Antarctic exploration, grocery shopping, and rhythm-based drumming(RBD), incorporating various psychiatric treatment techniques based on cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT). To evaluate the usability of this digital therapeutic intervention, a group of experts specialized in counseling psychology participated in the study. The evaluations received highly positive feedback regarding the ability to access the system menu while wearing the HMD, the consistency of terminology used in menus and icons, the usage of actual size for 3D graphic elements, and the support for shortcut key functionality. The assessments also indicated that the games could improve attention, working memory, and impulse control, suggesting potential therapeutic effects for ADHD. This intervention could provide a daily treatment method for families experiencing financial constraints that limit hospital-based therapies, thereby reducing the burden.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2021

이 연구의 목적은 가상현실 기반 중재가 지적장애 학생의 일상생활 기술과 수업태도에 미치는 영향을 파악하는 것이었다. 전남지역에 거주하는 중학교 2-3학년 지적장애학생 30명을 연구대상으로 선정하였고, 중재방법에 따라 세 집단으로 배치하였다. A집단은 가상현실 프로그램을 이용하는 중재, B집단은 직접 체험 활동을 중심으로 하는 중재, C집단은 가상현실 프로그램과 직접 체험 활동을 결합한 중재에 참여하였다. 중재는 7월 4주부터 8월 3주까지 4주 동안 진행되었고, 일주일에 4회씩 총 16회기의 중재가 이루어졌다. 평가는 사전 평가와 사후 평가를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 일원분산분석으로 분석하였고, 사후 분석으로는 scheffe'를 사용하였다. 연구 결과, C집단이 A집단과 B집단보다 일상생활 기술을 유의미하게 향상시켰고, C집단은 B집단보다 수업태도를 유의미하게 향상시켰다. 이를 통해 가상현실 프로그램과 체험활동을 결합한 중재가 일상생활 기술 및 수업태도를 향상시킬 수 있는 효과적인 방법 중에 하나라는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.67-80
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• 2021

이 연구의 목적은 지적장애 학생을 위한 가상현실 기반 요리 활동 기능성 게임(VR-Cook)을 개발하고, 그 효과성을 검증하는 것이었다. 이에, ASSURE 모형을 활용하여 VR-Cook을 개발하였고, 지적장애 학생 20명을 대상으로 효과성을 검증하였다. 실험집단과 통제집단에 각각 10명씩 배치하였으며, 통제집단에는 전통적인 중재를 제공하였고, 실험집단에는 전통적 중재와 VR-Cook을 결합한 중재를 제공하였다. 평가는 중재 전, 중, 후에 총 3회 실시하였고, 평가 자료는 반복측정 이원 분산분석으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, VR 기능성 게임을 활용한 실험집단이 통제집단보다 요리 활동에 대한 학습과 수업 태도에서 유의미한 향상을 나타내었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.623-636
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• 2017

자폐 범주성 장애(ASD) 학생을 위한 증거기반의 실제로서 가상현실 기술의 가능성, 유용성, 적합성이 여러 연구를 통해 입증되었다. 하지만 국내에서는 ASD 학생을 위한 가상현실 기반 중재 관련 연구가 아직 없는 상황이다. 따라서 본 연구는 ASD 학생을 위한 가상현실 기반 중재의 활성화를 위해 국외 가상현실 중재 관련 연구를 고찰하고자 1990년부터 2016년까지 ASD 학생(18세 이하)을 대상으로 가상현실 중재를 적용한 국외 실험연구 총 13편을 선정하였다. ASD 학생의 핵심 특징을 고려한 가상현실 기반 중재의 적합성을 논의함과 아울러 선정된 논문의 연구동향(발표연도, 연구 참여자, 실험설계, 독립변인, 종속변인, 연구 결과)과 중재 특성을 분석하였다. 분석결과, ASD 학생에 적합한 전략으로 가상현실 중재는 주로 학교에서 다양한 연령대의 학생을 대상으로, 다양한 방식으로 폭넓은 사회적 의사소통 능력(표정 이해, 공감, 공동관심, 사회 맥락 이해 등) 증진에 적용되었으며 아울러 인지적인 능력의 부족으로 인한 문제를 극복하는데도 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 연구 결과를 바탕으로 추후 중재 및 연구의 활성화를 위한 방향과 후속 연구 과제를 위해 가상현실 중재의 간학문적 접근, ASD의 특성 및 지원요구를 고려한 지원, 습득된 기술의 일반화 및 유지 방안, 참여자의 문화적 배경을 고려한 접근 필요성에 대한 제언을 제시하였다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

Although there have been several attempts to use virtual reality (VR) in the treatment of depression, the results have been inconsistent and existing studies have mostly relied on subjective measures to assess the effectiveness of VR in improving depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nature experience-based VR intervention on depressive symptoms in a young population using both subjective and objective measurements. The study population included 15 participants who had more than 14 identifiers of the Korean Beck Depression Inventory (K-BDI)-II. Participants received three weeks (four times per week) of VR intervention. The effectiveness of VR was assessed through changes in K-BDI-II scores and depression-related blood biomarkers. Nature experience-based VR intervention led to an approximately 50% reduction of K-BDI-II score (before 25.7±7.7 vs. after 12.5±8.3 (P<0.001)). Of these, loss of pleasure and fatigue showed the largest amount of improvement. However, levels of cortisol, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and interleukin-6 did not differ from those at baseline. The findings of our pilot study suggest that nature experience-based VR can be a useful adjunctive treatment method for improving depressive symptoms in individuals who have difficulty accessing the real outside natural environment.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of virtual reality-based continuous slow exercise on muscle strength and dynamic balance capacity, in older adults over 65 years of age. Methods: Twenty-six volunteers were randomly divided into two groups; a Virtual Reality (VR) exercise-group ($67.8{\pm}4.1$ yrs) and a Control group ($65.5{\pm}5.2$ yrs). The VR group participated in eight weeks of virtual reality exercise, utilizing modified Tai-Chi provided by a motion capture system, and the Control group had no intervention. The hip muscle strength and dynamic balance of the members of both the VR group and the Control group were measured at pre- and post-intervention, using a multimodal dynamometer, and backward stepping test, respectively. Results: 1. After the 8-week VR-based exercise, the VR group showed significant improvement of hip strength, compared to the control group: hip extension (p=0.00), flexion (p=0.00), abduction (p=0.00), and adduction (p=0.00). 2. After the 8-week VR-based exercise, the VR group showed significant improvement of dynamic balance capacity as ground reaction force, compared to the control group. Eyes opened backward stepping test: Fx (+) (p=0.00), Fy (-) (p=0.02), Ver (+) (p=0.02) direction. Eyes closed backward stepping test: Fx (+) (p=0.04), Fy (-) (p=0.04), Ver (+) (p=0.03) direction. Conclusion: The VR group showed improvement of their hip muscle strength, and dynamic balance capacity. Therefore VR-based continuous slow exercise would contribute to reducing the risk of falls in the elderly.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of virtual reality (VR)-based core stabilization exercise on upper extremity function, postural control, and depression among persons with stroke with hemiplegia. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: This study was conducted with the inclusion of 24 participants and were randomly assigned to either the VR-based trunk stability exercise group (n=12) or control group (n=12). The VR-based trunk stability exercise group performed core stabilization exercises in a VR environment for 30 minutes. Meanwhile, the control group conducted general core stabilization exercises for 30 minutes. The participants trained 3 times a week for 4 weeks. The manual functional test (MFT), Box and Block Test (BBT), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were used to assess all participants before and after the intervention. Results: The VR-based core stabilization exercise group had a significant improvement in upper extremity function (MFT, BBT) and postural control (BBS) compared with the control group (p<0.05). The VR-based core stabilization exercise showed a significant difference after intervention in the TIS and GDS scores (p<0.05), but they did not significantly differ between the two groups. Conclusions: The result showed that VR-based core stabilization exercise can be effective in improving upper extremity function and postural control among patients with stroke more than the sole application of general physical therapy.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.1413-1424
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• 2023

Virtual reality (VR) simulation in nursing education, especially in the teaching of VR simulations just prior to clinical practice, has the potential to enhance the effectiveness of clinical practice and better prepare nursing students for patient care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a preclinical VR simulation education program on the development of critical thinking, self-efficacy, problem-solving ability, and perceived clinical competency among undergraduate nursing students. The study was conducted between May and June 2021 using a pretest-posttest design with a control group. A total of 42 nursing students were recruited through convenience sampling from two separate classes. The intervention group participated in VR simulation education, while the control group engaged in lecture-based education, before beginning clinical practice. Assessments were conducted before preclinical education and after completing clinical practice using structured questionnaires. The data was analyzed using chi-square tests, independent t-tests, and ANCOVA. The findings indicated that the intervention group had a significantly higher score in perceived clinical competency compared to the control group (F = 5.25, p = 0.029) after controlling for pretest scores. However, there were no statistically significant differences in critical thinking, self-efficacy, or problem-solving abilities between the two groups. These findings suggest that preclinical VR simulation education is partially effective in preparing nursing students for their clinical practice, underscoring the need for a balanced educational approach that integrates VR with clinical practice to develop a full spectrum of nursing skills and knowledge.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2024

Purpose: Cybersickness is a type of motion sickness induced by virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR) environments that presents symptoms including nausea, dizziness, and headaches. This study aimed to investigate how cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) alleviates motion sickness symptoms and modulates brain activity in individuals experiencing cybersickness after exposure to a VR environment. Methods: This study was performed on two groups of healthy adults with cybersickness symptoms. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either cathodal tDCS intervention or sham tDCS intervention. Brain activity during VR stimulation was measured by 38-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). tDCS was administered to the right temporoparietal junction (TPJ) for 20 minutes at an intensity of 2mA, and the severity of cybersickness was assessed pre- and post-intervention using a simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ). Result: Following the experiment, cybersickness symptoms in subjects who received cathodal tDCS intervention were reduced based on SSQ scores, whereas those who received sham tDCS showed no significant change. fNIRS analysis revealed that tDCS significantly diminished cortical activity in subjects with high activity in temporal and parietal lobes, whereas high cortical activity was maintained in these regions after intervention in subjects who received sham tDCS. Conclusion: These findings suggest that cathodal tDCS applied to the right TPJ region in young adults experiencing cybersickness effectively reduces motion sickness induced by VR environments.