• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.293-303
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• 2017

Objective: This study aims to evaluate visual discomfort and visual fatigue caused by watching HMD and smartphones by conducting both subjective and objective measure. Background: With the rapid development of mobile Head-Mounted Display (HMD), the problem of visual discomfort and visual fatigue caused by watching Virtual Reality (VR) contents became a crucial concern for consumers and manufacturers, especially given that the casing of mobile HMD keeps the phone at a specified distance from the lenses that is close to the eyes. Method: Two smartphones were chosen for a preliminary study: LG G5 and Galaxy S7. As for a main study, iPhone 6S and Galaxy S7 were used. After being exposed to the selected clips, participants were asked to answer Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) and went through optometric tests that measure tear break-up time, spherical equivalent, and contrast sensitivity. Results: The subjective assessments indicate that HMD causes more visual discomfort compared to watching a smartphone. Furthermore, the experimental result confirms that watching a HMD causes more eye dryness compared to smartphones. Conclusion: The result of the study compared visual discomfort and visual fatigue of two different displays, HMD and smartphone, and confirmed that watching HMD causes more visual discomfort and visual fatigue. Application: Ultimately, this study could help manufacturers understand the strengths and weaknesses of different display forms, providing guidance for an effective application of HMD.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.184-193
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• 2017

This work shows how to create an algorithm and implementation for motion and image matching between a vehicle simulator and Unity 3D based virtual object. The motion information of the virtual vehicle is transmitted to the real simulator via a RS232 communication protocol, and the motion is controlled based on the inverse kinematics solution of the platform adopting rotary-type six actuators driving system. Wash-out filters to implement the effective motion of the motion platform are adopted, and thereby reduce the dizziness and increase the realistic sense of motion. Furthermore, the simulator system is successfully designed aiming to reducing size and cost with adaptation of rotary-type six actuators, real driving environment via VR (Virtual Reality), and control schemes which employ a synchronization between 6 motors and 3rd order motion profiles. By providing relatively big sense of motion particularly in impact and straight motions mainly causing simulator sickness, dizziness is remarkably reduced, thereby enhancing the sense of realistic motion.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.33
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• pp.115-121
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• 2002

This study is based on the Virtual Reality Space what grow rapidly compared with other space type. We make a certain definite possibilities by the functional, material, scientific and conceptual space comparison approved with existing visual space about the function of sound and visual system & the application of the mechanical system. Symbol and Expression Media are showing characteristics more than a tool in Modern times being changed from materialistic world to immaterial one. Especially, Augmented Reality, which is the new technology showing human beings real world and virtual world simultaneously recently and being exceeded to existent many limits, is going ahead. Simulation space is the technology one which can be applied to various fields such as culture, industry and education etc., and it helps human beings to overcome their limitations. The gains from this study are the specified and detailed yardsticks and cases of Simulation(space) facilities classified as a specific space. Therefore, the space mainly consists of the parts on size, equipment, and material etc. judging from technical point of view. Architectural Space, especially, should be considered very importantly in the middle of the transition from image realization to experience. The comprehension on various contents together with mechanical facilities will be requested to the connection applied to physical space expression, and that is what we have to study continuously afterward.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.106-111
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• 2001

Model house play an important role in the sale of apartments. However, model house can create social and environmental problems. Virtual reality's (VR) use for the creation of model house has been studied as a possible counter measure to these problems. Existing models don't satisfy consumers' queries. A virtual model house can give the experience of seeing a real home through simulation. Also, a virtual model house can allow a home buyer to change the furniture on display or the color of the walls to reflect the consumer's taste in the construction. The internal present condition system using absorption style virtual reality and open style virtual reality are the indispensable tools that are going to take the place of the current model home. A virtual model house is more profitable than a physical model house because of reduced costs and time savings. In addition, a virtual model house can offer new kinds of information that a physical model home can not. This study's purpose is to discuss the desired direction of the virtual model house in this crucial and dynamic period of development.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06b
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• pp.277-282
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• 2001

As human-friendly robot techniques improve, the concept of the wearability of robotic arms becomes important. A master arm that detects human arm motion and provides virtual forces to the operator is an embodied concept of a wearable robotic arm. In this study, we design a 7 DOF wearable robotic arm with high joint torques. An operator wearing this robotic arm can move around freely because this robotic arm was designed to have its fixed point at the shoulder part of the operator. The proposed robotic arm uses parallel mechanisms at the shoulder part and the wrist part on the model of the human muscular structure of an upper limb. To reduce the computational load in solving the forward kinematics and to prevent singularity motions of the parallel mechanism, yawing motion of the parallel mechanisms was separated using a slip ling mechanism. The total weight of the proposed robotic arm is about 4 kg. An experimental result of force tracking test for the pneumatic control system and an application example for VR robot are described to show the validity of the robot.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.253-264
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• 2022

In the era of the pandemic, the importance of a wireless LAN environment has become increasingly important, especially as the era of smart working and non-face-to-face education has become a universal and daily routine. Smartphones, tablets, laptops, PCs, smart watches, and wearable devices, collective referred to as wireless terminals, can be accessed anytime and anywhere through the internet, allowing for consistent and constant access to offices, factories, warehouses, shopping malls, railways, hotels, hospitals, schools, logistics centers, airports, exhibition halls, etc. This sort of access is currently being used in roads, parks, traditional markets, and ports. Since the release of the IEEE 802.11 Legacy Standard in 1997, Wi-Fi technology has been continuously supplemented and revised, and the standard has been continuously developed. In the era of smart working, the importance of efficient wireless deployment and scientific design has become more important. The importance of wireless in the smart factory, in the metaverse era, in the era of pursuing work and life that transcend time and space by using AR, VR, MR, and XR, it is more urgent to solve the shadow area of Wi-Fi. Through this study, we intend to verify the wireless failure problem of the xr training center and suggest improvement measures.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.489-503
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• 2023

This study utilized the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2) to examine usage intentions associated with virtual fitting services. Six independent variables were examined: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, and habit. The study collected responses from 445 participants who had utilized virtual fitting services. Regarding factors related to usage intentions associated with these services, performance expectancy and social influence were found to significantly influence the usage intentions associated with photo-based virtual fitting services. Furthermore, performance expectancy, social influence, and habit significantly influenced the usage intention of avatar-based virtual fitting services. This suggests that higher levels of performance expectancy and social influence positively impact the usage intentions associated with both types of virtual fitting services, while habit influences only avatar-based virtual fitting services. Moreover, the findings confirm that effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, and hedonic motivation from UTAUT2 do not significantly influence usage intentions associated with virtual fitting services. By analyzing factors influencing potential customers' virtual fitting service usage intentions, this study can suggest effective strategies to increase usage intentions for companies providing virtual fitting services. Additionally, these findings can be utilized in the formulation of virtual fitting service marketing strategies.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.12-21
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• 2004

Modem society is information oriented with countless people needing quick reliable information. They also wart to be freed from the limitations of reality such astime and space and experience the world of imagination as if it was reality. Design is creating something out of nothing which has an innate sense of virtual within it. Since it is a process of bringing an imagingnation or an image to life, it can be described as the realization of virtuality. there are many ways in which computer adapted methods were utilized for design up to now. With the advance of computers, the process of desinging became efficient, visually complex and much easier. Undoubtedly, computer is a powerful hardware an design and furthermore, find a way to maximize the presence and to actively incorporate this in designing. The virtual reality system can be widely applied to environmental design to provude a high quality design and enhance the feeling of reality through imitation experiments. Computer simulation such as virtual reality systems is expected to be used widely in environmental design.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.57-66
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• 2013

The needs for reusable 3D visualization tool has been being raised in various industries. Especially in the defense modeling and simulation (M&S) domain, there are abundant researches about reusable and interoperable visualization system, since it has a critical role to the efficient decision making by offering diverse validation and analyzing processes. To facilitate the effectiveness, states-of-the-arts M&S systems are applying VR (Virtual Reality) or AR (Augmented Reality) technologies. To reduce the work burden authors design a collaborative visualization environment based on a commercial game engine Unity3D. We define the requirements of the warfare simulation by analyzing pros and cons of existing tools and engines such as SIMDIS or Vega, and apply functionalities of the commercial game engine to satisfy the requirements. A prototype has been implemented as the collaborative visualization environment of iCAVE at KAIST, which is a facility for immersive virtual environment. The facility is intraoperative with smart devices.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.11-17
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• 2020

This paper proposed the design of a new window signage system architecture, which utilized a window of a building, with attached LED for visible light communication. In this paper, the proposed method using the LED strip to transmit light data and receive the data through a HMD with a smart device camera. The LED strip attached to the existing building window, as a part of semi-transparent signage. Semi-transparent signage based on a controllable LED strip-modules and attached to the window used to provide entertainment contents and the information service to people through optical camera communication (OCC) as well. Also, this work suggests using the camera supplied Head Mounted Device (HMD) as an OCC receiver. The LED attached window signage system structure described in this paper can be utilized in various buildings infrastructure like house, shopping areas, industrial building, etc.