• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.148-156
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• 2018

This study focuses on the play aspect of the existing digital games and VR games as part of a basic research for facilitating discussion on VR games. As a method for this research, the play aspect of digital games was classified based on the play theory by Johan Huizinga and Roger Caillois, followed by examination on the play characteristics of VR games according to the established classification. As a result, VR games share a significant portion of play characteristics with digital games. Nevertheless, in VR games the player is allowed unimpeded physical activity while having the HMD on and complete disconnection from the real world via new input/output devices. In the end, the transformation of play environment results in various sensory stimulation, and in turn influences the player's experiences in areas such as presence, immersion, emotional enjoyment and satisfaction. This study is expected to serve as an important indicator for studies on the characteristics of VR contents which is certain to develop in a wide range of directions in the future.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.53-64
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify what elements of VR games satisfy and continuous usage for the sustainable development of VR games. Specifically, an extended acceptance model was proposed with the addition of perceived costs, presences, satisfied variables to predict the acceptance and the intention of continued use of VR games. As a result, in general, it was found that the extended technology acceptance model with three external factors is more advantageous to explain the characteristics of VR game and its effect on users than the existing model. This study is suggested an integrated research model that considers the core characteristics of VR games and observe which factors lead to the persistent intention to contribute to the study about the VR game.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.239-240
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• 2017

본고는 하위징아와 카이저의 놀이 이론을 통해, VR 게임의 놀이적 특성이 기존의 디지털 게임과 어떤 차이점을 가지고 있는지 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 먼저 놀이로서의 디지털 게임 특징을 유형화하여 VR 게임의 놀이적 특징을 분석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 기존 게임의 놀이적 특성과의 비교 분석을 실시하였다. 이후 분석 결과를 논하고 연구 의의를 제시하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.252-258
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• 2020

Advances in IT technologies are developing VR content technologies that provide five senses information to users and interact with them. These VR content technologies are widely used by users not only for time and space limitations but also for providing immersion experiences. VR contents are contents that allow users to experience images that are played on the screen through five senses such as augmented reality, virtual reality, and holograms as well as visuals. VR games are also becoming more diverse in interfaces for the interaction of users with VR games. This study recognized the importance of the interface and analyzed the impact of the application characteristics of VR game UI on user experience and satisfaction from the user perspective. Research shows that VR game UI interacts with user experience and satisfaction. This appears to affect user experience based on how well people using VR game UI can understand and utilize the characteristics and functions of UI.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2021.07a
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• pp.587-589
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• 2021

메타버스 등 VR·AR을 기반으로 하는 가상세계의 현실화가 점차 가까워지고 있다. 이에 따라 가상세계에서 동작하는 게임이나 다양한 소프트웨어들이 등장하고 있어 이에 대한 QA 방안들이 연구되고 있다. VR·AR 게임은 일반 게임과 달리 장비의 사용 등에 따른 시간적, 공간적 특성 등 여러 가지 고려사항들이 있어 QA 진행에 어려움이 있다. 이를 극복하기 위해서는 VR·AR에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 개발팀과의 협조를 통해 콘텐츠를 세분화하여 작은 범위에서 QA를 단계적으로 진행하는 과정이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 VR, AR 게임을 QA하는 과정에서 고려해야할 사항들을 알아본다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.152-162
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• 2019

In Korea there has been scant research on VR games. This work focuses then on college students' perceptions of VR games, factors motivating them to experience VR games, the important features of VR games. This study presents the results of in-depth interview with 10 college students who had recently experienced VR games. VR games, it is found, provide a high level of virtual reality, immersiveness, and controllability. Such attributes may be considered distinctive to mobile, PC, and video games. Gamers' intention to re-experience VR games is influenced by the following important factors: 4D effects in VR games, various VR game contents, freedom in games, unique experience chances, sense of reality, sense of thrill, action-based experiences, and playing in group (multiple player). Study findings also suggest that three important features in VR games known as immersion, engagement, and virtual presence play a pivotal role in influencing positive attitudes toward VR games. Practical implications are also discussed.the help of information technology.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.271-284
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• 2020

Good reviews that Half-Life: Alyx received created a turning point for the vitalization of the VR market with an uncertain future due to the absence of a revenue model together with the increased sales of VR equipment. Based on previous studies, this study categorized the characteristics of VR games according to graphs, first-person system, interface, controller, interaction technology, sound and stories. The analysis results show that the seven elements corresponded with "interactions" and "virtual images," which represent the completion level of games as part of VR components, and were connected to one another, which led to the proposal of an upper-rank concept "presence" to put them together. "Immersiveness," which represents users' emotions as part of VR components, was analyzed with the immersion theory to assign tasks of proper difficulty level for users' abilities. In the research process, the Delphi technique and FGI were administered to a panel of 15 experts to ensure objectivity. Finally, "presence" and "immersiveness" are characteristics in proportion to each other and can be valid concepts in future analysis of VR games as well as Half-Life: Alyx, which led to the proposal a new concept framework called 'presence effects' by combining the two words.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.431-438
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• 2022

With the technical development of fourth industrial revolution, VR game market is rapidly expanding. Meanwhile, heavy user group means the group consisting of people consuming certain media or contents more than others, which is the core constituency of the media industry, and there have been only a few studies on them. This study identified the factors that influenced the continuous intention of use of VR game heavy users and figured out their characteristics by verifying the difference in variables with the light user group. According to the results, the heavy user group showed higher behaviors than the light user group in terms of personal innovation, presence, and continuous intention of use variables. In addition to this, it was found that personal innovation, perceived quality, and presence had a significant influence on the continuous intention of use. This study is intended to empirically analyze the characteristics of heavy VR game users and influential factors, thereby preparing baseline data for VR game development and other relevant studies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2023.01a
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• pp.449-452
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• 2023

본 연구는 신산업분야 특화 선도전문대학 지원사업 연구를 통해 개발된 CK-AR/VR PBL 교수법을 팀 프로젝트 기반의 캡스톤디자인 정규 교과목 수업에 적용해봄으로써, 해당 교수법의 장점 및 문제점을 파악하고 활용방안을 모색하기 위해 진행되었다. CK-AR/VR PBL 교수법은 기존 PBL(문제중심수업) 교수법의 특징과 장점을 유지하고 AR/VR 게임콘텐츠 특성에 맞는 특징을 중심으로 구축된 교수법으로 15주 정규교과목 수업인 '취업과창업을위한차세대게임창작프로젝트(캡스톤디자인)' 수업과 '취업과창업을위한차세대게임 포스트프로덕션(캡스톤디자인)' 수업을 수강한 200여 명의 학생에게 적용하였고 장단점을 파악하게 되었다. 이를 바탕으로 게임 개발 팀 프로젝트 교육과정을 운영 중인 교육 관계자들이나 앞으로 유사한 교육과정을 운영하기 위해 준비 중인 교육 관계자들에게 조금이나마 도움을 주고자 한다.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.115-132
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• 2019

This study analyzed factors affecting the perceived fun of VR contents' reuse intention through use of the technology acceptance mode. The factors associated with perceived fun were identified by setting the content quality, VR characteristics, emotional character and flow. The results demonstrate that perceived fun exercises a positive effect on VR characteristics, emotional character and flow, but that high content quality does not have an affect on perceived fun. Also perceived fun, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are all influenced by the intention to reintegrate.