• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.470-477
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of homocysteine and antioxidant nutrients with obesity in Korean middle aged women. The study subjects included were middle-aged obese women (n=36) whose body mass index (BMI) was greater than $25kg/m^2$. A total of 36 participants were randomly divided into two groups. They were assigned to either the Nutritional Management and Exercise (NME) program or the Exercise Management (EM) program, which were both conducted for 3 months. We measured serum homocysteine, total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels of the participant. We also measured the dietary intakes of antioxidant nutrient, cholesterol, body weight, body mass index, blood pressure, and $VO_2$. At the end of both programs, please confirm this change. It was unclear when these measurements were shown to have decreased. The body weight and BMI of NME group were decreased compared to those of EM group. The serum total cholesterol levels of the participants in NME group were significantly decreased, in contrast to EM group. Also, serum homocysteine levels of NME group participants were decreased compared to EM group, but the difference was not statistically significant. In the NME group, there were significant differences in the change of dietary cholesterol and vitamin C intake. These results showed that participating NME program will continuously promote the healthy status of the middle aged obese women, compared to participating only in the EM program.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.481-491
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• 1995

Endovaginal and endorectal receiver only surface coils were designed for MR imaging (MRI) and $^1H$ MR spectroscopy (MRS) for the uterine cervix and the prostate. The shape of endovaginal coil wire was rectangular with round corner. Size of the coil wire was empirically determined for 7cm and 4cm along the long and short axis, respectively. The coil wire loop was supported by acryl handle and bent about $150^{\circ}$ at one side of the loop considering the average angle of the cervix to the vagina. We called this as a "spoon-type endovaginal coil". The wire of the endorectal coil was made of the flexible materials so that the wire loop became long elliptic shape by pushing the acryl handle into the plastic tube for the comfort of patients when the coil was inserted into the cervix. Then, the shape was maintained to be circle by popping out handle. Conventional spin echo (SE) and fast spin echo (FSE) sequences were used as 71 and 72 weighted imaging sequences, respectively. Matrix size was 128~$256{\times}256$. FOVs for surface coil and body coil were 14cm and 24cm, respectively. 3D volume localized in vivo $^1H$ MR spectroscopy of the human cervix and prostate was performed using PRESS or STEAM localization method with the following parameters . TR=3 sec, TE=135 msec for PRESS or 30 msec for STEAM, NEX=2, NS=48, Sl=2048, and SW=2500 Hz. Using home-built endovaginal and endorectal coils, excellent T1- and T2-images were obtained to visualize early cervical and prostate tumors. 3D volume localized in vivo IH MRS was useful to differentiate the cancerous tissue from the normal tissue.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.479-486
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• 2016

본 연구는 초등학교 5학년 남학생을 대상으로 12주 신체활동 중재가 비만 및 대사증후군 위험인자와 스마트폰 게임 참여에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 연구대상자는 초등학교 5학년 남학생 27명으로 실험군 16명, 대조군 11명으로 나누어 실시하였다. 신체활동 중재는 런닝과 줄넘기를 1일 60분, 주당 3회 실시하였고, 운동 강도는 50%에서 시작하여 70%까지 증가시켰다. 집단간 통계적 검증은 이원변량분석(two-way RM ANOVA)을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 비만과 대사증후군 지표, 스마트폰 게임 참여시간에 있어 신체활동 중재에 여부에 따라 유의한 상호작용 효과를 나타났다. 결론적으로 12주 신체활동 중재는 비만을 비롯한 대사증후군에 긍정적인 개선효과를 가짐과 동시에 부가적으로 스마트폰 게임 참여와 같은 부정적인 생활습관을 개선하는 효과를 가지는 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.696-705
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• 2007

Statement of problem: In the Protar articulator, the models are almost parallel with the Camper's plane. The ultrasonic-based ARCUSdigma system is basis for the determination of dynamic function parameters with so-called "articulator related registration". Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the sagittal condylar guidance angles found by use of the wax protrusive records in a semi-adjustable articulator(KaVo Protar 7) with those found by use of the Axiograph (ARCUSdigma). 83 volunteers with intact dentition participated in this study after obtainment of informed consent. Material and method: The sagittal condylar guidance angles were measured and estimated statistically by semi-articulator and Axiograph. All the readings were in degrees. No control was used in this project. To test whether there was a significant difference between the 2 independent samples, paired t-test and Kruskal-Wallis test were carried out(p=.05). Results: 1. The mean results for the wax protrusive records were as follow: right side (32.65 degrees, SD 16.48); left side (33.27 degrees, SD 17.49). 2. The mean results for the Axiograph were as follow: right side (32.26 degrees, SD 7.00); left side (33.07 degrees, SD 7.58). 3. There was no statistical difference on the wax protrusive records and Axiograph(p>0.05). Conclusion: Both methods of wax protrusive records and Axiograph are clinically acceptable for measuring the sagittal condylar guidance angles in semi-adjustable articulators.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.479-488
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• 2016

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to test the modulus of elasticity (E) across the interfaces of yttria stabilized zirconia (YTZP) / veneer multilayers using nanoindentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS. YTZP core material (KaVo-Everest, Germany) specimens were either coated with a liner (IPS e.max ZirLiner, Ivoclar-Vivadent) (Type-1) or left as-sintered (Type-2) and subsequently veneered with a pressable glass-ceramic (IPS e.max ZirPress, Ivoclar-Vivadent). A $5{\mu}m$ (nominal tip diameter) spherical indenter was used with a UMIS CSIRO 2000 (ASI, Canberra, Australia) nanoindenter system to test E across the exposed and polished interfaces of both specimen types. The multiple point load - partial unload method was used for E determination. All materials used were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X - ray powder diffraction (XRD). E mappings of the areas tested were produced from the nanoindentation data. RESULTS. A significantly (P<.05) lower E value between Type-1 and Type-2 specimens at a distance of $40{\mu}m$ in the veneer material was associated with the liner. XRD and SEM characterization of the zirconia sample showed a fine grained bulk tetragonal phase. IPS e-max ZirPress and IPS e-max ZirLiner materials were characterized as amorphous. CONCLUSION. The liner between the YTZP core and the heat pressed veneer may act as a weak link in this dental multilayer due to its significantly (P<.05) lower E. The present study has shown nanoindentation using spherical indentation and the multiple point load - partial unload method to be reliable predictors of E and useful evaluation tools for layered dental ceramic interfaces.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2014

목적: 임플란트 엔진 시스템은 임플란트 시술 과정에서 사용하며 핸드피스, 구동모터, 본체, 그리고 풋스위치로 구성되어 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 임플란트 엔진 시스템의 편의성, 디자인 그리고 전체 만족도를 평가하고, 임플란트 식립 경험와 평가와의 관련성을 조사하고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 총 30명의 치과의사를 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 통해 3개 제조사의 시스템(NSK 의 SurgicXT와 X-SG20L, KaVo의 INTRAsurg300와 CL3-09, Saeshin의 XIP10와 CRB26LX)의 편의성, 디자인, 만족도를 비교 연구의 방식으로 조사하였다. 통계분석은 일원배치 분산분석과 중회귀분석을 이용하였다. 결과: 전체 만족도는 각기 다르게 나타났고(P < 0.05), 전체 만족도에는 편의성 평가가 디자인 평가보다 더 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 임플란트 수술 경험의 정도와 일부 영역의 평가와는 관련이 있었다. 결론: 임플란트 엔진 시스템의 횡단적 단면 평가 시에 디자인이 전체 만족도에 영향을 미치고, 임플란트 식립 횟수는 평가 시 영향력 있는 인자가 될 수 있음을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권8B호
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• pp.507-513
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• 2005

인터넷 사용자의 급속한 증가와 더불어 다양한 멀티미디어 서비스가 출현함에 따라 다중서비스를 지원하는 EPON에서 서비스 품질을 지원하기 위해 트래픽은 우선순위에 따라 분류될 수 있다. EPON망에서의 멀티미디어 응용 서비스는 VoIP(Voice over Internet Protocol)등과 같은 음성 데이터 및 실시간 오디오$\cdot$비디오 등과 같이 지연에 민감한 트래픽을 제공하는 서비스와 BE(Best Effort)와 같은 비실시간 트래픽을 제공하는 서비스로 구분되는데 이러한 서비스들을 적절히 지원하는데 있어서 EPON의 상향 트래픽의 대역 할당 방안을 다룬다. 기존의 제안된 방안을 살펴보고 실시간 트래픽의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 새로운 방안을 제시한다. 제시한 방안으로 상향 트래픽의 대역 할당을 지원함으로서 얻을 수 있는 트래픽의 손실률과 지연을 시뮬레이션으로 분석한다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.446-456
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• 2007

Increased access to broadband networks has led to a fast-growing demand for voice and video over IP(VVoIP) applications such as Internet telephony(VoIP), videoconferencing, and IP television(IPTV). For pro-active troubleshooting of VVoIP performance bottlenecks that manifest to end-users as performance impairments such as video frame freezing and voice dropouts, network operators cannot rely on actual end-users to report their subjective quality of experience(QoE). Hence, automated and objective techniques that provide real-time or online VVoIP QoE estimates are vital. Objective techniques developed to-date estimate VVoIP QoE by performing frame-to-frame peak-signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR) comparisons of the original video sequence and the reconstructed video sequence obtained from the sender-side and receiver-side, respectively. Since processing such video sequences is time consuming and computationally intensive, existing objective techniques cannot provide online VVoIP QoE. In this paper, we present a novel framework that can provide online estimates of VVoIP QoE on network paths without end-user involvement and without requiring any video sequences. The framework features the "GAP-model", which is an offline model of QoE expressed as a function of measurable network factors such as bandwidth, delay, jitter, and loss. Using the GAP-model, our online framework can produce VVoIP QoE estimates in terms of "Good", "Acceptable", or "Poor"(GAP) grades of perceptual quality solely from the online measured network conditions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.930-937
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• 2017

Objective: The I pig is a long nurtured longstanding breed in Vietnam, and contains excellent indigenous genetic resources. However, after 1970s, I pig breeds have become a small population because of decreasing farming areas and increasing pressure from foreign breeds with a high growth rate. Thus, there is now the risk of the disappearance of the I pigs breed. The aim of this study was to focus on classifying and identifying the I pig genetic origin and supplying molecular makers for conservation activities. Methods: This study sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome and used the sequencing result to analyze the phylogenetic relationship of I pig with Asian and European domestic pigs and wild boars. The full sequence was annotated and predicted the secondary tRNA. Results: The total length of I pig mitochondrial genome (accession number KX094894) was 16,731 base pairs, comprised two rRNA (12S and 16S), 22 tRNA and 13 mRNA genes. The annotation structures were not different from other pig breeds. Some component indexes as AT content, GC, and AT skew were counted, in which AT content (60.09%) was smaller than other pigs. We built the phylogenetic trees from full sequence and D loop sequence using Bayesian method. The result showed that I pig, Banna mini, wild boar (WB) Vietnam and WB Hainan or WB Korea, WB Japan were a cluster. They were a group within the Asian clade distinct from Chinese pigs and other Asian breeds in both phylogenetic trees (0.0004 and 0.0057, respectively). Conclusion: These results were similar to previous phylogenic study in Vietnamese pig and showed the genetic distinctness of I pig with other Asian domestic pigs.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2001

폐리튬이온전지의 재활용 일환으로 양극활물질인 $LiCoO_2$로부터 Co와 Li을 회수하기 위하여 황산침출거동을 조사하였다. 황산 2M용액, $75^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 환원제를 첨가하지 않은 경우, $LiCoO_2$로부터 Li가 거의 100% 침출되는 반면에 Co는 같은 조건에서 40% 이하의 침출율을 보였다. Co의 침출율을 향상시키기 위하여 과산화수소를 환원제로 2~20 vol%범위에서 사용하였다 10 vol% 이상의 과산화수소를 첨가하였을 때, Co와 L거 침출율은 모두 95% 이상 이었다. 이는 환원제로서 과산화수소가 Co(III)를 Co(II)로 환원시켜 침출이 용이해졌기 때문으로 생각된다. 황산농도, 온도, 과산화수소 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 Co와 L리 침출율은 증가한 반면에 초기 광액농도가 증가할수록 Co와 L긴 침출율은 감소하였다. 이상의 조업변수 실험을 통하여 코발트계 리튬이온전지의 양극활물질인 $LiCoO_2$의 황산침출에서 황산농도 2 M, 침출온도 $75^{\circ}C$,초기광액농도 100 g/L, 과산화수소 첨가량 20 vol%에서 30분의반응시간이 침출 최적조건으로 생각된다.