• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 고려인삼학회 1998년도 Advances in Ginseng Research - Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Ginseng -
• /
• pp.90-95
• /
• 1998

Symbiotic associations between land plants and fungi have been known for more than one hundred years. Vesiculararbuscular mycorrhizas (VAM) are the most common symbiosis in flowering plants and can be recognized in almost all plant families. These fungal associations play a very important role in the growth and survival of plant species. However, with respect to the importance and intensity of the VAM, there is great variation among host species. Our knowledge of the VAM fungus-plant association in Araliaceae is very limited. After the first reports of the occurence of VAM in lateral roots of Panax species, mycorrhizal structures are now described as special structures representing the so-called Paris type. In this type, the development of new spores and vesicles is extremely low. This and the type of colonization of the fungus in Panax roots indicates on, one hand, the high intensity of the VAM and, on the other hand, a remarkable dependency for VAM in members of the Panax species. Therefore, it can be easily understood that cultivated Panax plants exhibit a significant uptake of nutrients and this leads to an extremely depleted soil at harvest. Further, the soil is nearly free of the spores of VAM fungi as they germinate each year on the newly developing Panax roots.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.147-154
• /
• 2005

A survey for vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) status was undertaken in three different industrially polluted sites at Uyyakondan channel of Senthanneerpuram area in Trichy, India. The soils and the effluents were acidic, and contained higher Zn (621 to 711 ppm) than the other heavy metals, such as Cu, Pb, and Ni. Eighteen plant species were collected from the rhizosphere soils, and 13 species were positive for VAM colonization. Fifteen VAM fungal species were isolated from the plant species. The number of VAM fungal spores from the soils ranged from 45 to 640 per 100 g of soil. There was a significant correlation observed between the number of spores and percentage root colonization, as exemplified by Acalypha indica (45 and 20%, respectively) and Paspalum vaginatum (640 and 98%, respectively). Hostspecific and site-specific associations were observed in site 2; particular VAM species, Gigaspora gigantea and Glomus fasciculatum, were specific to particular host plants, Phyllanthus maderaspatensis and A. indica, respectively, even though Eclipta prostrata and Physalis minima were maximally associated with 8 VAM species. G. fasciculatum was found in 11 plant species and predominant VAM species. These results led us to conclude that VAM fungi are associated with a majority of the plants in the industrial polluted sites and support the plants to survive in the acidic soils, polluted with heavy metals of the industrial effluents.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제27권8호
• /
• pp.1483-1490
• /
• 2017

In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by the citrate reduction process and, with the assistance of n-hydroxysuccinimide and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide, were successfully loaded with the macromolecular drug vancomycin (VAM) to form AgNP-VAM bioconjugates. The synthesized AgNPs, VAM, and AgNP-VAM conjugate were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, zeta potential analysis, confocal microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The effect of loading VAM onto AgNPs was investigated by testing the internalization of the bioconjugate into Mycobacterium smegmatis. After treatment with the AgNP-VAM conjugate, the bacterial cells showed a significant decrease in UV absorption, indicating that loading of the VAM on AgNPs had vastly improved the drug's internalization compared with that of AgNPs. All the experimental assessments showed that, compared with free AgNPs and VAM, enhanced internalization had been successfully achieved with the AgNP-VAM conjugate, thus leading to significantly better delivery of the macromolecular drug into the M. smegmatis cell. The current research provides a new potential drug delivery system for the treatment of mycobacterial infections.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.885-890
• /
• 2004

A survey for vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) occurrence was undertaken in three endangered vegetation sites in the area of Kudankulam atomic power station. Fifteen VAM fungal species were isolated from the root-zone soils of fourteen different plant species. There was a significant correlation observed between the number of spores and of percentage root colonization as exemplified by Phyllanthus niruri and Paspalum vaginatum (450, 95%; 60, 25%). Although VAM species are not known to be strictly site specific, the fact that Acaulospora elegans was observed only in site 1, Glomus pulvinatum in site 2 only, and Gl. intraradices in site 3 only, showed site-specificity in this study. To confirm the infection efficiency, two host plant species in the sites, P. niruri and Eclipta alba, were selected and inoculated in field with three selected VAM fungal spores. Gl. fasciculatum was found to be the most efficient VAM species in percentage root colonization, number of VAM spores, and dry matter content. When the nutrients in roots of P. niruri and E. alba were analyzed, there was higher uptake of K (4.2 and 3.4 times, respectively) and Ca (5.3 and 4.9 times, respectively), the analogues for $^{137}Cs$ and $^{90}Sr$, respectively. From the results, it might be concluded that VAM association helps the plants survive in a disturbed ecosystem and enhances uptake and cycling of radionuclides from the ecosystem.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.758-762
• /
• 2010

Purpose: It is difficult to provide accurate diagnosis and proper treatment for vascular anomalies, because vascular anomalies have a wide spectrum of lesion with various symptoms. Furthermore, vascular anomalies often require the services of a wide range of specialists. So, many patients have been discouraged by the lack of expertise and treatment options available to them. In this study, we aimed to describe the scope of the Vascular Malformation clinic (VAM clinic), a multidisciplinary clinic for hemangioma and vascular malformation patients and investigate of diagnostic accuracy of VAM clinic. Methods: 68 patients have included in a retrospective, medical record review study in the VAM clinic from may 2002 to august 2009. Data included the types of diagnoses of patients seen in the clinic, locations of lesions, comparison of accuracy of diagnoses at other clinic and initial diagnoses at VAM clinic and types of recommended treatments. Results: Initial diagnosis at VAM clinic showed 94.2% accuracy, while diagnosis at other clinic only showed 12.5% accuracy. Head and neck is most frequently occurred lesions in patients of VAM clinic. And VAM clinic is able to provide various and proper treatments to patients. Conclusion: Hemangiomas and vascular malformations can present with various medical problems. VAM clinic, the multidisciplinary clinic provided accurate diagnoses and proper treatments to patients.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.5-10
• /
• 2010

비디오 종격동경을 이용한 수술은 좁은 시야와 제한된 수술 기구의 여용으로 수술 적응증의 폭넓은 확대가 어렵지만, 종격동, 폐, 흉막 질환에서 진단 흑은 치료 방법의 하나로서 중요한 영역을 확보하고 있다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.178-182
• /
• 2003

Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) fungi naturally colonise American ginseng roots and this relationship is highly beneficial to enhance plant productivity. Our goal was to determine the effect of adding two Glomus species (Glomus etuticatum, G. intraradices) on survival, photosynthetic capacity, growth, morphology and root ginsenoside content of one-year-old American ginseng plants grown in a broadleaf forest. While our study revealed that VAM inoculations significantly affected root morphology and Re ginsenoside content, the survival, photosynthetic capacity and root growth of American ginseng plants were not significantly influenced by VAM inoculations. Surface area and volume of rootlets were 16-25% higher for ginseng grown in VAM-inoculated soil compared to those grown in the control plots. Also, Re ginsenoside content was 18 ％ higher in YAM-inoculated roots compared to controls.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• 제42권1호
• /
• pp.60-63
• /
• 2004

A sucrose-agar globule (SAG) was newly introduced to increase production of the vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungal spores, Gigaspora gigantea and Glomus fasciculatum. An SAG inoculum and a sucrose-agar globule with root exudates (SAGE) inoculum were prepared, and their spore productions were compared with a soil inoculum. When the SAGE was used as the inoculum on sucrose-agar medium plates the number of spores was increased (35% more than the soil inoculum). After the soil inoculum and SAGE were inoculated on an experimental plant, Zingiber officinale, the percentage root colonization, number of VAM spores, and dry matter content were analyzed. It was observed that the SAGE showed a higher percentage of root colonization (about 10% more), and increases in the number of spores (about 26%) and dry matter (more than 13%) for the two VAM fungal spores than the soil inoculum. The results of this study suggested that the SAGE inoculum may be useful for the mass production of VAM fungi and also for the large scale production of VAM fungal fertilizer.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제11권12호
• /
• pp.155-160
• /
• 2013

세계적인 경제 불황 환경에서 클라우드 컴퓨팅은 IT 분야에서 새로운 패러다임이 되었다. 본 논문은 국내기업의 클라우드 서비스 채택의도의 영향요인 분석을 위한 탐색적 연구이다. 본 연구는 클라우드 서비스 중에서 IaaS(Infrastructure as a Service)에 초점을 맞추고, 클라우드 서비스 채택의도 분석을 위해서 TAM과 VAM을 적용하기로 한다. 제안하는 탐색 모델은 확장성, 민첩성, 보안성, 효율성, 신뢰성 등과 같은 클라우드 서비스의 특성을 포함한 TAM과 VAM을 적용하여 IaaS 채택의도의 중요한 영향요인을 파악하기 위한 가설들을 검증한다. 궁극적으로 본 연구를 통하여 B2B 클라우드 서비스 시장에서 기업 사용자들의 IaaS 채택에 관한 사용의도를 파악하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 클라우드 서비스 제공자들이 보다 효과적인 클라우드 서비스 개발과 마케팅 전략을 향상시키는데 도움을 줄 수 있다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.181-188
• /
• 2021

총괄생산계획을 작성하는데 있어 운송법은 일반적으로 운송문제에 특화된 NCM, LCM, VAM 중 어느 하나로 초기 해를 구하고 SSM, MODI 중 어느 하나로 최적화를 수행하는 TSM에 대해 선형계획법 소프트웨어 패키지를 활용하고 있다. 반면에, 본 논문에서는 소프트웨어 패키지 도움 없이도 총괄생산계획을 쉽고 빠르며, 정확하게 작성하는 운송법을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 단순히 최소비용 우선 배정법을 적용하고, 재고기간을 최소화하는 방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 알고리즘을 6개의 실험데이터에 적용한 결과 VAM이나 LP에 비해 4개 데이터에 대해서는 보다 좋은 결과를, 나머지 2개 데이터에 대해서는 동일한 결과를 얻었다.