• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.195-208
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• 2004

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Aconiti Tuber on the plasma IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ level in mice stimulated by intracerebroventricular(I.C.V.) Injection of Lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Method: 6 mice were assigned to each of the normal group, the control group, and the experimental group. In the normal group only saline was administered intragastrically, and in the control group LPS was injected intracerebro-ventricularly 1 hr after intragastric administration of saline. In the experimental groups (Aconiti Tuber 0.5g/kg, Aconiti Tuber 1.0g/kg, Aconiti Tuber 3.0g/kg) each sample was administered intragastrically to mice 1 hr prior to the stimulation by LPS I.C.V. Injection. To measure the plasma IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ level of mice, their blood samples were collected from retro-orbital plexus, immediately centrifuged at $4^{\circ}C$, and plasma was removed and stored frozen at $-83^{\circ}C$ for later determination of plasma IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$. Result : 1. LPS I.C.V. Injection increased plasma IL-6 level significantly in a dose-dependent manner compared with normal group(P<0.01). The plasma IL-6 concentration reached a significant maximal level about 1 hr after LPS I.C.V. Injection(P<0.001). LPS I.C.V. Injection increased plasma $TNF-{\alpha}$ level significantly in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05). The plasma $TNF-{\alpha}$ concentration reached a significant maximal level about 1 hr after LPS I.C.V. Injection(P<0.001). 2. Sample A group to which Aconiti Tuber(0.5g/kg) was administered intragastrically 1 hr prior to the stimulation by LPS I.C.V. Injection showed insignificant lower plasma IL-6 level in 1 hr than control group(P<0.0635), and sample B group (Aconiti Tuber 1.0g/kg) showed significant lower plasma IL-6 level in 1 hr than control group(P〈0.05), and sample C group (Aconiti Tuber 3.0g/kg) showed significant lower IL-6 plasma level in 1 hr than control group(P<0.01). 3. sample A group to which Aconiti Tuber(0.5g/kg) was administered intragastrically 1 hr prior to the stimulation by LPS I.C.V. Injection showed insignificant lower plasma $TNF-{\alpha}$ level in 1 hr than control group(P>0.05), and Both sample B(1.0g/kg) and sample C(3.0g/kg) groups showed significant lower $TNF-{\alpha}$ plasma level in 1 hr than control group(P<0.01). These data revealed that Aconiti Tuber might have the anti inflammatory effect by reducing the plasma IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ level in a dose dependent manner in mice LPS I.C.V. Injection.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.169-172
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• 2003

입력 AC 120[V]-15[A]로 제한된 미국의 전원콘센트에서 출력 DC 15[V]-100[A]를 얻을 수 있도록 SCR 위상제어방식을 이용한 자동차 오디오 장착용 정전압회로를 설계하였다. 제시된 설계에 따라 자동차용 전원공급장치를 실험한 결과 리플전압이 110[mV]인 출력 DC 15[V]-100[A]를 얻었다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.1008-1027
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• 2014

An electric scooter with a V-belt continuously variable transmission (CVT) driven by a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has a lot of nonlinear and time-varying characteristics, and accurate dynamic models are difficult to establish for linear controller designs. A PMSM servo-drive electric scooter controlled by a novel hybrid modified recurrent Legendre neural network (NN) control system is proposed to solve difficulties of linear controllers under the occurrence of nonlinear load disturbances and parameters variations. Firstly, the system structure of a V-belt CVT driven electric scooter using a PMSM servo drive is established. Secondly, the novel hybrid modified recurrent Legendre NN control system, which consists of an inspector control, a modified recurrent Legendre NN control with an adaptation law, and a recouped control with an estimation law, is proposed to improve its performance. Moreover, the on-line parameter tuning method of the modified recurrent Legendre NN is derived according to the Lyapunov stability theorem and the gradient descent method. Furthermore, two optimal learning rates for the modified recurrent Legendre NN are derived to speed up the parameter convergence. Finally, comparative studies are carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme through experimental results.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.931-937
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• 2003

The principle of the superconducting vortex flow transistor (SVFT) is based on control of the Abrikosov vortex flowing along a channel. The induced voltage is controlled by a bias current and a control current, instead of external magnetic field. The device is composed of parallel weak links with a nearby current control line. We explained the process to get an I-V characteristic equation and described the method to induce the external and internal magnetic field by the Biot-Savarts law in this paper. The equation can be used to predict the I-V curves for fabricated device. From the equation we demonstrated that the current-voltage characteristics were changed with input parameters. I-V characteristics were simulated to analyze a SVFT with multi-channel by a computer program.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2014년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.289-290
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• 2014

3kWh 급 가정용 Energy Storage System (ESS)는 배터리 팩의 수명 관리상 배터리팩의 전압을 48V의 공칭전압으로 설계하는 것이 일반적이다. 상용 변압기를 사용하여 48V의 낮은 직류 링크 전압을 갖는 ESS를 220V 교류 계통과 연계하기 위하여는 30V 정도의 낮은 인버터 출력단 교류전압을 220V로 승압하여야 한다. 이 경우 ESS의 교류 측 전압 및 전류 파형을 정형적으로 만들어주기 위한 LC 필터 요소로서 저전압/대전류 용 필터 인덕터를 제작하는 것이 쉽지 않다. 다시 말해, 성능이 보장된다면 교류 측 LC 필터를 상용 변압기의 고전압 측에 설치하는 것이 바람직하다. 본 논문에서는 상용 변압기를 사용하는 가정용 ESS의 교류 측 필터의 설치 위치에 따른 설계 및 제작 시 고려 사항과 특성에 대하여 연구하였다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.110-115
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• 2021

A multi-band, compact, and complex vehicle roof antenna has become important in terms of car exterior design and multi-functions which include Radio, DAB/DMB, SXM, GNSS, Telematics, and V2X. In this paper, we propose a compact multi-band V2X pole-type roof antenna. Using impedance change characteristic, a single pole antenna which has multiband such as radio, DAB/DMB, telematics, and V2X band is proposed. With two patch antennas for GNSS and SXM, the dimension of a multiband roof antenna is 131x63x37mm only.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2010

1.5 V and 3.0 V-class film-type primary batteries were designed for radio frequency identification (RFID) tag. Efficient fabrication processes such as screen-printings of conducting layer ($25{\mu}m$), active material layer ($40{\mu}m$ for anode and $80{\mu}m$ for cathode), and electrolyte/separator/electrolyte layer ($100{\mu}m$), were adopted to give better performances of the 1.5 V-class film-type Leclanch$\acute{e}$ primary battery for battery-assisted passive (BAP) RFID tag. Lithium (Li) metal is used as an anode material in a 3.0 V-class film-type $MnO_2||$Li primary battery to increase the operating voltage and discharge capacity for application to active sensor tags of a radio frequency identification system. The fabricated 3.0 V-class film-type Li primary battery passes several safety tests and achieves a discharge capacity of more than 9 mAh $cm^{-2}$.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.224-230
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• 2006

Up to now, there have been rare clinical studies on leaders and aerobics athletes. To get the useful data for protecting from auditory disorder, we selected 15 female aerobics leaders (experimental group) and 15 females (control group) unexperienced in aerobics and a without neurological and octolaryngological disorder. The average age was $34.87{\pm}8.80$ (experimental group) and $34.07{\pm}8.45$ (control group) years, and the average career of an aerobics leader (experimental group) was $8.33{\pm}4.73$ years. We measured the auditory evoked potential (AEP) of the two groups treated with 70, 75 and 85 dB intensity from January 2006 to May 2006 and analyzed the absolute latency (AL) and interpeak latency (IPL) by the SPSS/pc+ 12.0 program. In the comparison of the AL between the experimental group and the control group according to intensity, both ears treated with 70 and 75 dB had a significant difference (p<0.05) in the I, III, V wave and in the I, V wave respectively, and the experimental group treated with 85 dB showed a difference in the I, III, V wave (left ear) and in the I wave (right ear) respectively. The IPL of the two groups treated with various intensities had no prolongation. In the comparison of the AL between the experimental group and the control group according to ages, the experimental group in their 20s treated with 70 dB showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in the V wave (left ear) and in the I, III, V wave (right ear), and the experimental group in their 20s treated with 75 dB in the I, III wave (left ear) and in I, III, V wave (right ear), and experimental group in their 20s treated with 85 dB in the V wave (left ear) and in the III, V wave (right ear). The experimental group in their 30s treated with 70 dB had a significant difference (p<0.05) only in the V wave (right ear). Only in the IPL of subjects in their 20s treated with 85 dB, III-V and I-V of both ears was extended. In the comparison of the AL and IPL according to career, there was no significant difference between the two groups. From this results, we concluded that the lower sound intensity (70 dB) showed a more significant difference in the experimental group than the control group. We concluded that the leader of aerobics exposed to louder sounds than normal people are affected by auditory neurological and octolaryngological disorders. So we think that the leaders of aerobics need to control the noise level for protecting themselves against a disease.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2004

기존의 아날로그 제어방식과는 달리 디지털 제어 방식은 기본적으로 마이크로프로세서를 포함하고 있기 때문에 아날로그 제어방식에서는 할 수 없었던 DC-DC 컨버터 내부 파라미터에 대한 모니터링이 가능하며, 아날로그 제어방식에서는 처음의 사양에 의해 고정된 출력전압을 얻었지만 디지털 제어 방식에서는 PC와 DC-DC 컨버터의 통신을 통하여 사용자가 원하는 임의의 전압을 얻어낼 수 있고 원격제어가 가능하다. 또한 PC와의 통신을 통해 원거리에 있는 DC-DC 컨버터에 정확한 전압이 출력되고 있는지 또는 비정상적인 전압이 출력되고 있는지를 감시, 진단할 수 있다는 장점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 디지털 제어기의 장점과 함께 디지털 제어기의 저가격화에 대한 실용성을 제시하고자 하였다. 이러한 기능들을 구현하기 위해 AD 컨버터와 PWM 로직이 내장되어 있는 저가의 정수형 On-chip 마이크로 콘트롤러인 Renesas사의 H8/3672를 사용하였다. 디지털 제어기는 Flyback 컨버터에 적용되었으며, DC 20∼30V 입력으로부터 기본 DC 5V 출력전압을 갖도록 설계되었고, 또한 에뮬레이터를 이용하여 PC상에서 원격으로 DC 0V에서 DC 5V이상까지의 다양한 출력 전압을 만들 수 있다. PWM의 듀티(Duty) 제어를 위한 제어기로써는 PID제어기 중에서 PD제어기를 사용하였다. 본 논문에서 설계된 디지털 제어방식 컨버터의 실용성을 검토하기 위해 과도상태의 특성과 정상 상태의 특성을 분석하여 정수형의 저가형 마이크로 콘트롤러를 이용한 Flyback 컨버터의 실용성을 검토하였다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2002

To evaluate the anti metastatic effect of Antivascular-first(AntiV-F), we investigated cytotoxic effect on B16-F10 and HMCB. gene expression of MMP-9 and nm23-H1, and survival. After treating with AntiV-F, AntlV-F promoted cytotoxic effect on B16-F10 and HMCB as its density, compared with Control. AntiV-F inhibited gene expression of MMP-9 in the L+14 and HMCB cell line compared with Control. On the other hand AntiV-F increases gene expression of nm23-H1 and survival about 30% compared with Control. These results suggest that AntiV-F has effects on anti-metastasis can be used for treatment of cancer patients and preventing recurrence.