• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제32권2D호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2012

최근 철도정책이 KTX 개통 이후 속도 향상, 편의성 개선, 역 중심의 공간창출 등 이용자 서비스 중심으로 전환하는 중에 있다. 이는 철도의 차별화 서비스 전략으로 녹색교통수단의 입지를 강화하고자 하는 데 있다. 이러한 철도 유틸리티 개선 노력에도 불구하고 국민의 자동차 의존적 교통행동양식 때문에 자동차에서 철도로의 전환에 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 수도권 통근자 대상으로 자동차 의존성을 분석하였다. 자동차 의존성 분석결과 환경의식은 대중교통만족도와 함께 자동차 의존성에 영향을 미치는 중요한 변수로 작용하였고, 이는 철도 서비스 개선과 함께 환경의식을 이용한 사회마케팅이 자동차의존성을 약화시킬 수 있는 정책대안이 될 수 있다 것을 확인하였다.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.125-138
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• 2017

The goal of the study is to understand how consumers' constraint as opposed to utility structure gives rise to final decision when consumers purchase more than one variant of product at a time, i.e., horizontal variety seeking or multiple-discreteness. Purchase and consumption decision not only produces utility but also involves some sort of cognitive pressure. Past consumption or last purchase is likely to be linked to this burden we face such as concern for obesity, risk of harm, and guilt for mischief. In this research, the existence and the role of dynamic constraint are investigated through a microeconomic utility model with multiple dynamic constraint. The model is applied to the salty snacks data collected from field study where burden for spiciness serves as a constraint. The results are compared to the conventional multiple discreteness choice models of static constraints, and policy implications on price discounts is explored. The major findings are that first, one would underestimate the level of consumer preference for product offerings when ignoring the carry-over of the concern from the past consumption, and second, the impact of price promotion on demand would be properly evaluated when the model allows for the role of constraint as both multiple and dynamic. The current study is different from the existing studies in two ways. First, it captures the effect of 'mental constraint' on demand in formal economic model. Second, unlike the state dependence well documented in the literature, the study proposes the notion of state dependence in different way, via constraint rather than utility.

• 복식
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• 제53권8호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare the Korean and Chinese university students' materialism and clothing attitudes. Self-administered questionnaires developed by researcher were used and the research periods were from Feb. 20 to Mar. 19, 2003. 429 Korean and 405 Chinese students's data was used for analysis. Cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, t-test, and discriminant analysis were done. Korean students pursuited happiness more than utility and accomplishment, but Chinese students pursuited accomplishment more than happiness and practicality. The students were divided into the happiness pursuit, the utility pursuit, and the accomplishment pursuit. The group size of the utility pursuit and the happiness pursuit among Korean students and the utility pursuit and the accomplishment pursuit among Chinese students were larger. Korean students preferred fashionability, psychological dependence, sexual attraction of clothing more, but Chinese preferred conformity more. Utility and accomplishment of materialism, and fashionability and conformity of clothing were strong variables which discriminated Korean students from Chinese students, and total discriminating power was 77.1%.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2011

The present study provides a theoretical investigation on pioneering advantage based on reference dependence and loss aversion effect under prospect theory (Kahneman and Tversky, 1979). Behavioral explanations for pioneering advantage are provided from two different perspectives: one based on the prototypicality and the other on the utility uncertainty of the option. A pioneer brand creates the product category and makes a strong impression in customers' mind, and thus becomes the most representative or prototypical option of the category. In addition, the pioneer brand becomes the first option to be experienced by the majority of consumers in the product category, thus has the lowest level of utility uncertainty compared with the late movers. This study integrates the previous accounts for pioneering advantage by showing that consumers have higher preferences for the most prototypical and the least uncertain option based on loss aversion and reference dependence effect. This study suggests that firms should carefully analyze the consumers' loss aversion and perceived uncertainty and prototypicality of their products in order to develop effective market entry strategies.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.792-812
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• 2022

Multi-agent systems often need to achieve the goal of learning more effectively for a task through coordination. Although the introduction of deep learning has addressed the state space problems, multi-agent learning remains infeasible because of the joint action spaces. Large-scale joint action spaces can be sparse according to implicit or explicit coordination structure, which can ensure reasonable coordination action through the coordination structure. In general, the multi-agent system is dynamic, which makes the relations among agents and the coordination structure are dynamic. Therefore, the explicit coordination structure can better represent the coordinative relationship among agents and achieve better coordination between agents. Inspired by the maximization of social group utility, we dynamically construct a factor graph as an explicit coordination structure to express the coordinative relationship according to the utility among agents and estimate the joint action values based on the local utility transfer among factor graphs. We present the application of such techniques in the scenario of multiple intelligent vehicle systems, where state space and action space are a problem and have too many interactions among agents. The results on the multiple intelligent vehicle systems demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed methods.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-25
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• 2024

Consumer demand for e-commerce services has skyrocketed due to the introduction of social distancing standards and lockdown measures that countries have taken to combat the pandemic. There has been a notable surge in the popularity of on-demand delivery services, with a significant influx of new users turning to the e-platform for assistance. This research paper tries to identify the enablers of E-commerce Utility and Service Quality and establish a connection using total interpretive structural modelling (TISM). Enablers are the building blocks for providing customers with an enhanced and more consistent service experience contributing to service quality. The enablers and the linkages thus established hold valuable insights for e-commerce marketers, aiding them in effectively reaching their customers, and achieving desired growth outcomes. The TISM- based model and the MICMAC analysis identified two barriers; website design and personalization as the decisive attributes of e-commerce service quality, possessing strong driving power and weak dependence. Furthermore, the factors of reliability, responsiveness, information, and ease of use form the linkage zone, indicating that any action taken on these factors would not only influence other factors but also have a reciprocal effect on them.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.498-509
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• 2023

연구목적: 본 논문은 CCTV 영상을 활용한 딥러닝 객체 인식 기술을 적용해 지하공동구 내 쓰러진 관리인력의 검출 방법을 제시하고, 제안 방법의 관리인력 모니터링 적용성을 평가한다. 연구방법: 사람 검출 목적으로 사전 훈련된 YOLOv5와 OpenPose 모델의 추론 결과로부터 쓰러짐을 판별할 수 있는 규칙을 제안하고, 각 모델의 결과를 통합해 지하공동구 내 작업자 쓰러짐 검출에 적용하였다. 연구결과: 제안된 모델로 작업인력의 감지 및 쓰러짐을 판단할 수 있었으나, CCTV와 작업자 간격 및 작업자가 쓰러진 방향에 의존해 검출성능이 영향을 받았다. 또한 지하공동구 작업자에 대해 YOLOv5 기반 쓰러짐 판별 규칙 적용 모델이 거리 및 쓰러짐 방향 의존성이 낮아 OpenPose 기반 모델에 비해 우수한 성능을 보였다. 그 결과 통합된 이중 딥러닝 모델의 쓰러짐 검출 결과는 YOLOv5 결과에 종속되었다. 결론: 제안 모델을 통해 지하공동구 작업자의 이상상황 검출이 가능함을 보였으나, 개별 딥러닝 모델별 사람 감지 성능 차이로 인해 YOLOv5 기반 모델 대비 통합 모델의 쓰러짐 검출 성능 개선은 미미하였다.

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 1998년도 학술발표대회 논문집 제17권 1호
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• pp.291-296
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• 1998

In the experiment carried out on 20 college students, recorded were frontal, temporal and occipital EEG, skin conductance response, skin conductance level, heart rate and respiration rate during listening to two music fragments with different affective valences and white noise administered immediately after negative visual stimulation. Analysis of physiological patterns observed during the experiment suggests that affective auditory stimulation with music is able to selectively modulate autonomic and cortical activity evoked by preceding aversive visual stimulation and to restore initial baseline levels. On other hand, physiological responses to white noise, which does not possess emotion-eliciting capabilities, evokes response typical for orienting reaction after the onset of a stimulus and is rapidly followed by habituation. Observed responses to white noise were similar to those specific to attention only and had no evidence for any emotion-related processes. Interpretation of the obtained data is considered in terms of the role of emotional and orienting significance of stimuli, dependence of effects on the background physiological activation level and time courses of attention and emotion processes. Physiological parameters are summarized with regard to their potential utility in differentiation of psychological processes induced by auditory stimuli.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.285-300
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• 2010

The two-dimensional deformation of a homogeneous, isotropic thermoelastic half-space with voids with variable modulus of elasticity and thermal conductivity subjected to thermomechanical boundary conditions has been investigated. The formulation is applied to the coupled theory(CT) as well as generalized theories: Lord and Shulman theory with one relaxation time(LS), Green and Lindsay theory with two relaxation times(GL) Chandrasekharaiah and Tzou theory with dual phase lag(C-T) of thermoelasticity. The Laplace and Fourier transforms techniques are used to solve the problem. As an application, concentrated/uniformly distributed mechanical or thermal sources have been considered to illustrate the utility of the approach. The integral transforms have been inverted by using a numerical inversion technique to obtain the components of displacement, stress, changes in volume fraction field and temperature distribution in the physical domain. The effect of dependence of modulus of elasticity on the components of stress, changes in volume fraction field and temperature distribution are illustrated graphically for a specific model. Different special cases are also deduced.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.618-635
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• 2021

Environmental issues caused by our dependence on fossil fuels have caused our society to move toward new renewable sources of energy and chemicals. In this study, we develop an integrated process that co-produces butene oligomer (i.e., biofuels) and 1,3-butadiene (i.e., monomer for the production of synthetic rubber). To minimize utility consumption, we conduct heat integration. Then, we conduct a range of techno-economic analysis and life-cycle assessment to investigate economic and environmental feasibility of the proposed process.