• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2016

Purpose - The primary purpose of this study is to employ effective marketing methods using market segmentation of coffee shops by determining how motivations to visit coffee shops have different impacts on demographic profile of visitors and characteristics of coffee shop visits, so as to draw out a better understanding of customers of coffee market. Research design, data, and methodology - Data were collected using surveys of self-administered questionnaires toward coffee shop users in Daejeon, Korea. A number of samples used in data analysis were 253 excluding unusable responses. The data were analyzed through frequency, reliability, and factor analysis using SPSS 20.0. Factor analysis was conducted through the principal component analysis and varimax rotation method to derive factors of one or more eigen values. In addition, the cluster analysis, multivariate ANOVA, and cross-tab analysis were used for the market segmentation based on the types of motivation for coffee shop visits. The process of the cluster analysis is as follows. Four clusters were derived through hierarchical clustering, and k-means cluster analysis was then carried out using mean value of the four clusters as the initial seed value. Result - The factor analysis delineated four dimensions of motivation to visit coffee shops: ostentation motivation, hedonic motivation, esthetic motivation, utility motivation. The cluster analysis yielded four clusters: utility and esthetic seekers, hedonic seekers, utility seekers, ostentation seekers. In order to further specify the profile of four clusters, each cluster was cross tabulated with socio-demographics and characteristics of coffee shop visits. Four clusters are significantly different from each other by four types of motivations for coffee shop visits. Conclusions - This study has empirically examined the difference in demographic profile of visitors and characteristics of coffee shop visits by motivation to visit coffee shops. There are significant differences according to age, education background, marital status, occupation and monthly income. In addition, coffee shops use pattern characterization in frequency of visits to coffee shops, relationships with companion, purpose of visit, information sources, brand type, average expense per visit, important elements of selection attribute were significantly different depending on motivations for coffee shop visits.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.568-576
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• 2004

This paper presents a new anti-islanding method for distributed power generation system (DPGS) using renewable energy. Based on the concept of real and reactive power mismatch, three different islanding conditions are analyzed. It is shown via analysis that islanding voltage is a function of real power alone, where as its frequency is a function of both real and reactive power. Using this analysis, a new anti-islanding method is developed. The proposed protection algorithm continuously perturbs ($\pm$5%) the reactive power supplied by DPGS while simultaneously monitoring the utility voltage and frequency. If a measurable frequency deviation took place by islanding, the real power of DPGS is further reduced to 80%. This detection method is shown to be fast acting under resonant loads. Possible islanding conditions are simulated and verified with analysis. Experimental results on a 0.5kW utility-interactive fuel cell system are suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.89-95
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• 2016

Keeping the gas pipelines in the common utility tunnel is useful because it has a lower risk of corrosion than conventional burial, and can prevent from excavating construction. But, explosions in common utility tunnels can cause greater damage from the blast overpressure compared to outdoor explosions, due to nature of the confined environment. Despite this fact, however, research on common utility tunnels has been limited to fire hazard and little has been studied on the dangers of explosions. This study developed scenarios of methane gas explosion caused by gas leak from gas piping within the common utility tunnel followed by unknown ignition; the study then calculated the extent of the impact of the explosion on the facilities above, and suggested the needs for designing additional safety measures. Two scenarios were selected per operating condition of safety devices and the consequence analysis was carried out with FLACS, one of the CFD tools for explosion simulation. The overpressures for all scenarios are substantial enough to completely destroy most of the buildings. In addition, we have provided additional measures to secure safety especially reducing incident frequency.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.413-419
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• 2016

Damage of infrastructures by an earthquake causes the secondary damage through the world at large more than the damage of the structures themselves. Amomg them, underground utility tunnel structures comes under the special life line: communication, gas, electricity and etc. and it has a need to evaluate its fragility to an earthquake exactly. Therefore, the destruction ability according to peak ground acceleration of earthquakes for the underground utility tunnels is evaluated in this paper. As an input ground motion for evaluating seismic fragilities, real earthquakes and artificial seismic waves which could be generated in the Korean peninsula are used. And as a seismic analysis method, response displacement method and time history analyzing method are used. An limit state which determines whether destruction is based on the bending moment and shear deformation. A method used to deduct seismic fragility curve is method of maximum likelihood and the distribution function is assumed to the log normal distribution. It could evaluate the damage of underground utility tunnels to an earthquake and could be applied as basic data for seismic design of underground utility tunnel structures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.63-68
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• 2010

Utility-Pipe Conduit is, Housing and city effectively accommodate what they absolutely need power, communications, gas, pipeline, water supply, drainage, energy facilities etc, according to expansion of urban infrastructure are derived, several ways to solve problems in, collection facilities in place are maintained and managed facility. If Utility-Pipe Conduit is damaged, as well as national security, because their impact on society as a whole, by introducing large vulnerability in the fire prevention activities and suppression measures and disaster for our situation by introducing measures, comprehensive analysis of the fire risk, it shall establish fire prevention activities and suppression through analysis of Utility-Pipe Conduit design, institutional issues, the problem of fire protection facilities, fire spread phenomenon etc. Because of Utility-Pipe Conduit is an enclosed place, so incomplete combustion due to lack of oxygen supply that there are problem such dark smoke, carbon monoxide etc, toxic combustion products and heat generation and visual impairment is an issue difficult to enter. As well as fire prevention activities, the fire In light of the particularity of the under ground than above ground fire, so this phenomenon is weak fire fighting that fire to become effective fire fighting tactics, basically it is necessary difficulty softening, non-burn softening and prevent combustion expansion of the cable is installed on the Utility-Pipe Conduit, having to considering the specificity of the response command system and relevant organizations to establish an on-site, Structural identification and other information gathering required to record of Response agencies, keep air conditioning system 24 hours and strengthening Virtual Total Training of Response agen

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.127-152
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• 2017

China's utility model as a supplement to the invention patent, has short application duration, fast authorized speed, and has the same exclusive rights with patents, so companies can quickly dominate the market. But the utility model does not need to carry out substantive examination, so has lower stability, high frequency of invalid to accepted, so compare with the invention patent, difficult to be protected. In order to actively encourage the small and medium-sized enterprises to promote their inventions, and protect domestic patents, China established a protection policy of patent evaluation report for the utility model rights, especially the patent evaluation report can be used as evidence in a patent infringement trial, to provide judicial remedies for utility model patentee and the party of patent disputes. Many experts believe that the establishment of patent evaluation report system can improve the stability of the utility model patent right, and when the defendant request for invalidation of the patent right in the defense period, if there is no novelty, creativity lost or no other reason has not led to the stability of patent right given in a patent evaluation report of the utility model patents, the court may not suspend the trial, without having to wait for the Patent Reexamination Board makes the patent invalid declaration decisions, can improve the efficiency of the judicial process, accelerate the patentee's time. However, in practical patent infringement, the patent evaluation report system and invalidation system are in conflict. In this paper, through the analysis of the current China utility model system and compared with the South Korean utility model system, review the role and character of the patent evaluation report system, and through the actual cases of the utility model patent infringement litigation, analysis possible variates from the decision of patent evaluation report, to find out the reason of the patent evaluation report system being in conflict with the invalidation system, and research on the effectiveness for protecting Utility Model with China's Patent Evaluation Report.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.6 no.8
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• pp.353-358
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• 2017

An electrical power utility, like an electrical power pole, includes various kinds of sensors for smart services. Temperature data is considered one of the important factors that can influence the smart operations of this utility. This study suggests a method for temperature data analysis for deciding the status of the smart electrical power utilities by using Kalman Filter and Ensemble Model. The suggested approach separates the temperature data according to the different positions of the temperature sensors of a utility, then uses Kalman Filter and Ensemble Model to analyse the characteristics of the temperature variation. With detailed processes, method explains the variation between an external temperature factor like weather temperature data and the sensed temperature data, and then, analysis the temperature data from each position of electrical power utilities. In this process, the suggested method uses Kalman Filter to remove error data and the ensemble model to find out mean value of every hour of electrical data. The result and discussion of temperature analysis were described clearly with the analysed results of electrical data. Finally, we were able to check the working condition of the power devices and the range of the temperature data foe each devices, which may help to indicate any causalities with respect to the devices in the utility pole.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.89-95
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• 2015

Traditional frequent pattern mining discovers valid patterns with no smaller frequency than a user-defined minimum threshold from databases. In this framework, an enormous number of patterns may be extracted by a too low threshold, which makes result analysis difficult, and a too high one may generate no valid pattern. Setting an appropriate threshold is not an easy task since it requires the prior knowledge for its domain. Therefore, a pattern mining approach that is not based on the domain knowledge became needed due to inability of the framework to predict and control mining results precisely according to the given threshold. Top-k frequent pattern mining was proposed to solve the problem, and it mines top-k important patterns without any threshold setting. Through this method, users can find patterns from ones with the highest frequency to ones with the k-th highest frequency regardless of databases. In this paper, we provide knowledge both on frequent and top-k pattern mining. Although top-k frequent pattern mining extracts top-k significant patterns without the setting, it cannot consider both item quantities in transactions and relative importance of items in databases, and this is why the method cannot meet requirements of many real-world applications. That is, patterns with low frequency can be meaningful, and vice versa, in the applications. High utility pattern mining was proposed to reflect the characteristics of non-binary databases and requires a minimum threshold. Recently, top-k high utility pattern mining has been developed, through which users can mine the desired number of high utility patterns without the prior knowledge. In this paper, we analyze two algorithms related to top-k high utility pattern mining in detail. We also conduct various experiments for the algorithms on real datasets and study improvement point and development direction of top-k high utility pattern mining through performance analysis with respect to the experimental results.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.23-30
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• 2003

This paper analyzes the characteristic of utility connection type solar power generation system which it is available to connect the utility. And the operation characteristic of this system is compared and analyzed when it is operated in the real system. The constructional and operational problem were obtained by that result. Overcoming that defect is that finding the proper place to be well operated and to find the best place for getting the sunshine data. This method could increase the efficiency of the generation system. And more, current OS in operating system and monitoring management couldn't solve the problem so that improving OS and constructing data backup system should be implemented, This paper proposes the plan to solve that defect in the real system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.272-280
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• 2014

This study was researched by practical method in a subjectivity study accessible in-depth, in sloughing off old habit of functional quantity analysis about utility awareness of medical machinery. The perception pattern come out in this study were divided into three types in Q-methodology. The result is as follows ; it is that divided '1[(N=11) : Safety & Importance of Advertising 1], 2[(N=9) : Safety & Importance of Advertising 2], 3[(N=10) : Safety & Endurance]'. Like this, it found that is very different type all over. Hereafter, this study is to ascertain acceptance behavior about reception type on utility awareness of medical machinery ; to offer a developmental suggestion about it.