• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.44-49
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• 2023

In the global pursuit of carbon neutrality, the rapid increase in the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has led to a corresponding surge in the demand for batteries. To achieve high efficiency in electric vehicles, considerations of weight reduction and battery safety have become crucial factors. Copper and aluminum, both recognized as lightweight materials, can be effectively joined through laser welding. However, due to the distinct physical characteristics of these two materials, the process of joining them poses technical challenges. This study focuses on conducting simulations to identify the optimal laser parameters for welding copper and aluminum, with the aim of streamlining the welding process. Additionally, a Graphic User Interface (GUI) program has been developed using the Python language to visually present the results. Using machine learning image data, this program is anticipated to predict joint success and serve as a guide for safe and efficient laser welding. It is expected to contribute to the safety and efficiency of the electric vehicle battery assembly process.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

The widespread adoption of smartphones and advancements in internet technology have notably shifted content consumption habits toward video. This research aims to dissect the nature of videos posted on YouTube, the global video-sharing platform, to understand the characteristics of both produced and preferred content. For this study, dance was chosen as a specific subject from a variety of video categories. Data on YouTube videos associated with the term "dance" was compiled over three years, from 2019 to 2021. The investigation revealed a clear distinction between the types of dance videos frequently uploaded to YouTube and those that receive a high number of views. The empirical analysis of this study indicates a viewer preference for vlogs that provide insights into the daily lives of dance students, as well as for purpose-driven videos, such as those highlighting dance exam preparations or school dance events. Notably, the vlogs that attract the most attention are typically created by dance students at the college or secondary school level, rather than by professionals. Although the study was focused on dance, its methodologies can be applied to different subjects. These insights are expected to contribute to the development of a recommendation system that aids content creators in effectively targeting their productions.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.454-464
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• 2023

Objective: We aimed to investigate current expectations and clinical adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) software among neuroradiologists in Korea. Materials and Methods: In April 2022, a 30-item online survey was conducted by neuroradiologists from the Korean Society of Neuroradiology (KSNR) to assess current user experiences, perceptions, attitudes, and future expectations regarding AI for neuro-applications. Respondents with experience in AI software were further investigated in terms of the number and type of software used, period of use, clinical usefulness, and future scope. Results were compared between respondents with and without experience with AI software through multivariable logistic regression and mediation analyses. Results: The survey was completed by 73 respondents, accounting for 21.9% (73/334) of the KSNR members; 72.6% (53/73) were familiar with AI and 58.9% (43/73) had used AI software, with approximately 86% (37/43) using 1-3 AI software programs and 51.2% (22/43) having up to one year of experience with AI software. Among AI software types, brain volumetry software was the most common (62.8% [27/43]). Although 52.1% (38/73) assumed that AI is currently useful in practice, 86.3% (63/73) expected it to be useful for clinical practice within 10 years. The main expected benefits were reducing the time spent on repetitive tasks (91.8% [67/73]) and improving reading accuracy and reducing errors (72.6% [53/73]). Those who experienced AI software were more familiar with AI (adjusted odds ratio, 7.1 [95% confidence interval, 1.81-27.81]; P = 0.005). More than half of the respondents with AI software experience (55.8% [24/43]) agreed that AI should be included in training curriculums, while almost all (95.3% [41/43]) believed that radiologists should coordinate to improve its performance. Conclusion: A majority of respondents experienced AI software and showed a proactive attitude toward adopting AI in clinical practice, suggesting that AI should be incorporated into training and active participation in AI development should be encouraged.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.167-190
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• 2010

The research conducted here focuses on the effect of factors that affect the behavior of UCC (User Created Content) website users, other than user's rational recognition of how useful a UCC website can be. Most discussions in the existing literature on information systems have focused on users' evaluation how a UCC website can help to attain the users' own goals. However, there are other factors and this research pays attention to an individual's 'personality,' which is stable and biological in nature. Specifically, I have noted here that 'extroversion' and 'neuroticism,' the two common personality factors presented in Eysenck's most representative 'EPQ Model' and 'Big Five Model,' are the two personality factors that affect a site's 'usefulness,' by this I mean how useful does the user consider the website and its content. How useful a site is considered by the user is the other factor that has been regarded as the antecedent factor that influences the adoption of information systems in the existing MIS (Management Information System) research. Secondly, as using or creating a UCC website does not guarantee the user's or the creator's extrinsic motivation, unlike when using the information system within an organization, there is a greater likelihood that the increase in user's activities in relation to a UCC website is motivated by emotional factors rather than rational factors. Thus, I have decided to include the relationship between an individual's personality and what they find pleasurable in the research model. Thirdly, when based on the S-O-R Paradigm of Mehrabian and Russell, the two cognitive factors and emotional factors are finally affected by stimulus, and thus these factors ultimately have an effect on an individual's respondent behavior. Therefore, this research has presented an assumption that the recognition of how useful the site and content is and what emotional pleasure it provides will finally affect the behavior of the UCC website users. Finally, the relationship between the recognition of how useful a site is and how pleasurable it is to useand UCC usage may differ depending on certain situational conditions. In other words, the relationship between the three factors may vary according to how much users are involved in the creation of the website content. Creation thus emerges as the keyword of UCC. I analyzed the above relationships through the moderating variable of the user's involvement in the creation of the site. The research result shows the following: When it comes to the relationship between an individual's personality and what they find pleasurable it is extroverted users who have a greater likelihood to feel pleasure when using a UCC website, as was expected in this research. This in turn leads to a more active usage of the UCC web site because a person who is an extrovert likes to spend time on activities with other people, is sensitive to new experiences and stimuli and thus actively responds to these. An extroverted person accepts new UCC activities as part of his/her social life, rather than getting away from this new UCC environment. This is represented by the term 'Foxonomy' where the users meet a variety of users from all over the world and contact new types of content created by these users. However, neuroticism creates the opposite situation to that created by extroversion. The representative symptoms of neuroticism are instability, stress, and tension. These dispositions are more closely related to stress caused by a new environment rather than this creatingcuriosity or pleasure. Thus, neurotic persons have an uneasy feeling and will eventually avoid the situation where their own or others' daily lives are frequently exposed to the open web environment, this eventually makes them have a negative attitude towards the web environment. When it comes to an individual's personality and how useful site is, the two personality factors of extroversion and neuroticism both have a positive relationship with the recognition of how useful the site and its content is. The positive, curious, and social dispositions of extroverted persons tend to make them consider the future usefulness and possibilities of a new type of information system, or website, based on their positive attitude, which has a significant influence on the recognition of how useful these UCC sites are. Neuroticism also favorably affects how useful a UCC website can be through a different mechanism from that of extroversion. As the neurotic persons tend to feel uneasy and have much doubt about a new type of information system, they actively explore its usefulness in order to relieve their uncomfortable feelings. In other words, neurotic persons seek out how useful a site can be in order to secure their own stable feelings. Meanwhile, extroverted persons explore how useful a site can be because of their positive attitude and curiosity. As a lot of MIS research has revealed that the recognition of how useful a site can be and how pleasurable it can be to use have been proven to have a significant effect on UCC activity. However, the relationship between these factors reveals different aspects based on the user's involvement in creation. This factor of creationgauges the interest of users in the creation of UCC contents. Involvement is a variable that shows the level of an individual's mental effort in creating UCC contents. When a user is highly involved in the creation process and makes an enormous effort to create UCC content (classed a part of a high-involvement group), their own pleasure and recognition of how useful the site is have a significantly higher effect on the future usage of the UCC contents, more significantly than the users who sit back and just retrieve the UCC content created by others. The cognitive and emotional response of those in the low-involvement group is unlikely to last long,even if they recognize the contents of a UCC website is pleasurable and useful to them. However, the high-involvement group tends to participate in the creation and the usage of UCC more favorably, connecting the experience with their own goals. In this respect, this research presents an answer to the question; why so many people are participating in the usage of UCC, the representative form of the Web 2.0 that has drastically involved more and more people in the creation of UCC, even if they cannot gain any monetary or social compensation. Neither information system nor a website can succeed unless it secures a certain level of user base. Moreover, it cannot be further developed when the reasons, or problems, for people's participation are not suitably explored, even if it has a certain user base. Thus, what is significant in this research is that it has studied users' respondent behavior based on an individual's innate personality, emotion, and cognitive interaction, unlike the existing research that has focused on 'compensation' to explain users' participation with the UCC website. There are also limitations in this research. Firstly, I divided an individual's personality into extroversion and neuroticism; however, there are many other personal factors such as neuro-psychiatricism, which also needs to be analyzed for its influence on UCC activities. Secondly, as a UCC website comes in many types such as multimedia, Wikis, and podcasting, these types need to be included as a sub-category of the UCC websites and their relationship with personality, emotion, cognition, and behavior also needs to be analyzed.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.61-95
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• 2007

Small-and-medium sized enterprises(SMEs) represent quite a large proportion of the industry as a whole in terms of the number of enterprises or employees. However researches on information system so far have focused on large companies, probably because SMEs were not so active in introducing information systems as larger enterprises. SMEs are now increasingly bringing in information systems such as ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning Systems) and some of the companies already entered the stage of ongoing use. Accordingly, researches should deal with the use of information systems by SME s operating under different conditions from large companies. This study examined factors and mechanism inducing faithful appropriation of information systems, in particular integrative systems such as ERP, in view of individuals` active feedback-seeking behavior. There are three factors expected to affect end users` feedback-seeking behavior for faithful appropriation of information systems. They are management support, peer IT champ support, and IT staff support. The main focus of the study is on how these factors affect feedback-seeking behavior and whether the feedback-seeking behavior plays the role of mediator for realizing faithful appropriation of information systems by end users. To examine the research model and the hypotheses, this study employed an empirical method based on a field survey. The survey used measurements mostly employed and verified by previous researches, while some of the measurements had gone through minor modifications for the purpose of the study. The survey respondents are individual employees of SMEs that have been using ERP for one year or longer. To prevent common method bias, Task-Technology Fit items used as the control variable were made to be answered by different respondents. In total, 127 pairs of valid questionnaires were collected and used for the analysis. The PLS(Partial Least Squares) approach to structural equation modeling(PLS-Graph v.3.0) was used as our data analysis strategy because of its ability to model both formative and reflective latent constructs under small-and medium-size samples. The analysis shows Reliability, Construct Validity and Discriminant Validity are appropriate. The path analysis results are as follows; first, the more there is peer IT champ support, the more the end user is likely to show feedback-seeking behavior(path-coefficient=0.230, t=2.28, p<0.05). In other words, if colleagues proficient in information system use recognize the importance of their help, pass on what they have found to be an effective way of using the system or correct others' misuse, ordinary end users will be able to seek feedback on the faithfulness of their appropriation of information system without hesitation, because they know the convenience of getting help. Second, management support encourages ordinary end users to seek more feedback(path-coefficient=0.271, t=3.06, p<0.01) by affecting the end users' perceived value of feedback(path-coefficient=0.401, t=6.01, p<0.01). Management support is far more influential than other factors that when the management of an SME well understands the benefit of ERP, promotes its faithful appropriation and pays attention to employees' satisfaction with the system, employees will make deliberate efforts for faithful appropriation of the system. However, the third factor, IT staff support was found not to be conducive to feedback-seeking behavior from end users(path-coefficient=0.174, t=1.83). This is partly attributable to the fundamental reason that there is little support for end users from IT staff in SMEs. Even when IT staff provides support, end users may find it less important than that from coworkers more familiar with the end users' job. Meanwhile, the more end users seek feedback and attempt to find ways of faithful appropriation of information systems, the more likely the users will be able to deploy the system according to the purpose the system was originally meant for(path-coefficient=0.35, t=2.88, p<0.01). Finally, the mediation effect analysis confirmed the mediation effect of feedback-seeking behavior. By confirming the mediation effect of feedback-seeking behavior, this study draws attention to the importance of feedback-seeking behavior that has long been overlooked in research about information system use. This study also explores the factors that promote feedback-seeking behavior which in result could affect end user`s faithful appropriation of information systems. In addition, this study provides insight about which inducements or resources SMEs should offer to promote individual users' feedback-seeking behavior when formal and sufficient support from IT staff or an outside information system provider is hardly expected. As the study results show, under the business environment of SMEs, help from skilled colleagues and the management plays a critical role. Therefore, SMEs should seriously consider how to utilize skilled peer information system users, while the management should pay keen attention to end users and support them to make the most of information systems.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.22-45
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• 2023

In research on the use of AI-based voice assistant services, problems related to the user's trust and privacy protection arising from the experience of service use are constantly being raised. The purpose of this study was to investigate empirically the effects of individual trust in AI and online privacy concerns on the continued use of AI-based voice assistants, specifically the impact of their interaction. In this study, question items were constructed based on previous studies, with an online survey conducted among 405 respondents. The effect of the user's trust in AI and privacy concerns on the adoption and continuous use intention of AI-based voice assistant services was analyzed using the Heckman selection model. As the main findings of the study, first, AI-based voice assistant service usage behavior was positively influenced by factors that promote technology acceptance, such as perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and social influence. Second, trust in AI had no statistically significant effect on AI-based voice assistant service usage behavior but had a positive effect on continuous use intention. Third, the privacy concern level was confirmed to have the effect of suppressing continuous use intention through interaction with trust in AI. These research results suggest the need to strengthen user experience through user opinion collection and action to improve trust in technology and alleviate users' concerns about privacy as governance for realizing digital government. When introducing artificial intelligence-based policy services, it is necessary to disclose transparently the scope of application of artificial intelligence technology through a public deliberation process, and the development of a system that can track and evaluate privacy issues ex-post and an algorithm that considers privacy protection is required.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.611-635
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• 2014

Information systems (IS) have become ubiquitous and changed every aspect of how people live their lives. While some IS have been successfully adopted and widely used, others have failed to be adopted and crowded out in spite of remarkable progress in technologies. Both the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the IS Success Model (ISSM), among many others, have contributed to explain the reasons of success as well as failure in IS adoption and usage. While the TAM suggests that intention to use and perceived usefulness lead to actual IS usage, the ISSM indicates that information quality, system quality, and service quality affect IS usage and user satisfaction. Upon literature review, however, we found a significant void in theoretical development and its applications that employ either of the two models, and we raise research questions. First of all, in spite of the causal relationship between intention to use and actual usage, in most previous studies, only intention to use was employed as a dependent variable without overt explaining its relationship with actual usage. Moreover, even in a few studies that employed actual IS usage as a dependent variable, the degree of actual usage was measured based on users' perceptual responses to survey questionnaires. However, the measurement of actual usage based on survey responses might not be 'actual' usage in a strict sense that responders' perception may be distorted due to their selective perceptions or stereotypes. By the same token, the degree of system quality that IS users perceive might not be 'real' quality as well. This study seeks to fill this void by measuring the variables of actual usage and system quality using 'fact' data such as system logs and specifications of users' information and communications technology (ICT) devices. More specifically, we propose an integrated research model that bring together the TAM and the ISSM. The integrated model is composed of both the variables that are to be measured using fact as well as survey data. By employing the integrated model, we expect to reveal the difference between real and perceived degree of system quality, and to investigate the relationship between the perception-based measure of intention to use and the fact-based measure of actual usage. Furthermore, we also aim to add empirical findings on the general research question: what factors influence actual IS usage and how? In order to address the research question and to examine the research model, we selected a mobile campus application (MCA). We collected both fact data and survey data. For fact data, we retrieved them from the system logs such information as menu usage counts, user's device performance, display size, and operating system revision version number. At the same time, we conducted a survey among university students who use an MCA, and collected 180 valid responses. A partial least square (PLS) method was employed to validate our research model. Among nine hypotheses developed, we found five were supported while four were not. In detail, the relationships between (1) perceived system quality and perceived usefulness, (2) perceived system quality and perceived intention to use, (3) perceived usefulness and perceived intention to use, (4) quality of device platform and actual IS usage, and (5) perceived intention to use and actual IS usage were found to be significant. In comparison, the relationships between (1) quality of device platform and perceived system quality, (2) quality of device platform and perceived usefulness, (3) quality of device platform and perceived intention to use, and (4) perceived system quality and actual IS usage were not significant. The results of the study reveal notable differences from those of previous studies. First, although perceived intention to use shows a positive effect on actual IS usage, its explanatory power is very weak ($R^2$=0.064). Second, fact-based system quality (quality of user's device platform) shows a direct impact on actual IS usage without the mediating role of intention to use. Lastly, the relationships between perceived system quality (perception-based system quality) and other constructs show completely different results from those between quality of device platform (fact-based system quality) and other constructs. In the post-hoc analysis, IS users' past behavior was additionally included in the research model to further investigate the cause of such a low explanatory power of actual IS usage. The results show that past IS usage has a strong positive effect on current IS usage while intention to use does not have, implying that IS usage has already become a habitual behavior. This study provides the following several implications. First, we verify that fact-based data (i.e., system logs of real usage records) are more likely to reflect IS users' actual usage than perception-based data. In addition, by identifying the direct impact of quality of device platform on actual IS usage (without any mediating roles of attitude or intention), this study triggers further research on other potential factors that may directly influence actual IS usage. Furthermore, the results of the study provide practical strategic implications that organizations equipped with high-quality systems may directly expect high level of system usage.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.461-480
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• 2008

There are innumerable studies on technology adoption and usage continuance; most examine cognitive factors while affective factors or the feelings of users are left relatively unexplored. Although attitude and user satisfaction are factors commonly considered in Information Systems(IS) research, they represent only some aspects of feelings. In contrast, researchers in diverse fields have begun to note the importance of feelings in understanding and predicting human behavior. Feelings are anticipated to be essential particularly in the context of modern applications, such as mobile internet(M-internet) services, where users are not simply technology users but also service consumers. Drawing on the support of consumer research, social psychology and computer science, this study proposes a balanced cognition-affect model of IS continuance. Prior works in relation to IS research have already considered the emotional factors. The common factors are enjoyment, anxiety, affect and satisfaction. The main difference in our study is that the factors that we used are the primary dimensions of affect according to Circumplex Model of Affect. The horizontal axis of the model represents the pleasure dimension and the vertical represents the arousal dimension. Other emotional factors such as enjoyment and anxiety can be viewed as a combination of these two dimensions, and they can be placed in the vector space formed by these two primary dimensions. Affect has been defined as the enjoyment a person derives from using computers. Satisfaction has different conceptualizations. It has been conceptualized as judgment based on the expectation disconfirmation theory. Thus, while prior works considered the direct and indirect effects of "feeling-related constructs"(enjoyment and anxiety) on usage behavior, our study proposes effects of "feeling-based constructs"(pleasure and arousal). The balanced cognition-affect model is tested in a survey of, M-internet service users. The results establish the validity of the model.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.120-126
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• 2009

As the information age grows rapidly, the amount of digital texts has been increasing as well. It has brought an increasing of visualization case in order to figure out lots of digital texts. Existing visualized design of digital text is merely concentrating on figuration of subject word through adoption of stemming algorithm and word frequency extraction, prominence of meaning of text, and connection in between sentences. So it is a fact that expression of rhythm that can visualize sentimental feeing of digital text was insufficient. Syllable is a phoneme unit that can express rhythm more efficiently. In sentences, syllable is a most basic pronunciation unit in pronouncing word, phase and sentence. On this basis, accent, intonation, length of rhythm factor and others are based on syllable. Sonority, which is most closely associated with definitions of syllable, is expressed through air flow of igniting lung and acoustic energy that is specified kinetic energy into sonority. Seen from this perspective, this study examines phonologic definition and characteristics based on syllable, which is properties of digital text, and research the way to visualize rhythm through diagram. After converting digital text into phonetic symbol by the experiment, rhythm information are visualized into images using degree of resonance, which was started from rhythm in all languages, and using syllable establishment of digital text. By visualizing syllable information, it provides syllable information of digital text and express sentiment of digital text through diagram to assist user's understanding by systematic formula. Therefore, this study is aimed at planning for easy understanding of text's rhythm and realizing visualization of digital text.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.29-50
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• 2017

In emerging technologies, innovation processes are dynamic in that the government needs to regularly review its policies to resonate with rapid technological advancements, changing public needs, and evolving global trends. In the 1990s, the Internet grew at an explosive rate, but many applications were constrained due to security concerns. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) seemed to be the fundamental technology to address these concerns by providing security functions. As of 2017, PKI is still one of the best technologies for electronic authentication in an open network, but it is used only in limited areas: for user authentications in closed networks and for server authentications within network security infrastructure like SSL/TLS. The difference between expectation and reality of PKI usage is due to the evolution of the Internet along with the global adoption of new authentication policies under the Internet governance in the early 2000s. The new Internet governance based on the cooperation between multi-stakeholders is changing the way in which a government should act with regard to its technological policies. This paper analyzes different PKI policy approaches in the United States and Korea from the perspective of path-dependence theory. Their different policy results show evidence of the rise of the Internet governance, and may have important implications for policy-makers in the current global Internet society.