• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.265-274
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• 2020

Free-viewpoint video service is a technology that allows users to watch at any angle, location and distance through interaction. In this paper, the free-viewpoint video services are defined in four viewing modes: Inward view, outward view, 3D object view and first person view. And we developed and implemented a new integrated program that plays all the suggested views. In the contents of girl band performances and basketball games, multi-view cameras suitable for each viewing mode are installed to acquire media, and data stored on the server is streamed over the network, making it available for viewing. Users can freely choose four viewing modes, space location, angle and so on, and the media data such as images and sounds are provided to them by rendering appropriately for the selected the viewpoint. Our system is expected to be a scalable free-viewpoint video service player as well as provide users with immersion and presence by combining various viewing modes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.644-652
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the EEG according to the elderly's tendency to be addicted to smartphone games. We compared the effects of smartphone addiction on mental health such as brain waves, sleep problems and depression through comparative analysis of asymmetry and connectivity in quantitative EEG results. The study participants were two elderly people who were addicted to smartphone game and one elderly person who did not use smartphone (Ed- to confirm: only 3 participants?!). The participant's addiction tendency of smartphone was measured by using the smartphone addiction scale and EEG (QEEG) was used for EEG analysis. The results are as follows. First, the brain waves of elderly people and smartphone non-user elderly who showed symptoms of immersion and smartphone game showed a difference in asymmetry in both opening and closing anisles. Second, there were significant differences in the openness and the anxiety of the elderly who were immersed in the mobile phone and the elderly who did not use the smartphone. Through this, it is also meaningful to explore the relationship between senile cognitive impairment and smartphone use by exploring the effect of smartphone game use on brain cognitive function through comparison of EEG analysis.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.30
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• pp.221-243
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• 2013

Recently, traditional books based on printing on the paper have expanded to e-book media in smart device because of developing digital technology. Especially, app book applied application makes users' experience increase and provides immersion to them, because it allows them basically delivering information, educational effect and fun elements with multimedia technology. There are various experimental trials to make enhance effect of reformatting for application media. The purpose of this study is to analyze reformatting effect for app book with funology which is convergence of digital technology and a fun. Then this article would provide design guide and be applied to new application contents. For this research, the first of all, we would discuss concept and elements of funology by publication including thesis, articles, and books. Secondly, this article will be focused on 'Moo, Baa, La La La!' which is reformatting application for iPad to analyze type of funology. Thirdly, we would make sure that app book makes users get emotional effect comparing original book by FGI(Focus Group Interview). In conclusion, sensitive funology used the sound allows user emotional effect and they prefer to intuitive and immediate motion and response of interactive funology. In other way, funology of fun in itself which is strong concept in original book diminishes in app book. Then users concentrate interactive factors like game structure. This results make that app books could be created by strength of original contents and advantage of funology. Therefore this makes us expect the possibility of reformatting effect with funology and we need to discuss the points of issue that there are considerations and limitations to successful app book for users.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.47
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• pp.273-294
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• 2017

Korea has suffered numerous casualties due to a lot of accidents caused by safety insufficiency in recent years. Therefore, safety education is more important than ever before, and 'how to educate with what contents' is an important subject. Especially, experience education is effective rather than theoretical education because of the nature of safety education. However, it is not easy to design and develop these safety education programs. There is not much opportunity to access first-aid training, which is a part of safety education, unless it is compulsory to learn through public institutions. As a result, program utilization on safety education in Korea is still insufficient to what it should be. With that taken into account, this study proposed an effective serious game with fun and immersion for medical first-aid education. To do this, we analyzed five medical games through 20 cases of first-aid applications and elicited five factors that enhance the usability of serious games. With an analysis of five medical games, we selected one game to borrow the game rules, and applied the elicited five elements in the forms of level-up structure, iterative learning, compensation outcomes, competition system, and information transfer. The proposed medical education functional games should have 1) a character that plays a role of a patient, 2) a narrative flow that shows the situation, 3) the user should judge the situation and induce first aid. 4) compensation, levels, and simple repetition should be designed, and 5) information should be shared with the others in the given community. The results of this study is believed to contribute to enhance the medical emergency education in Korea.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.429-441
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• 2002

This paper concerns extracting 3D motion information from a 3D input device in real time focused to enabling effective human-computer interaction. In particular, we develop a novel algorithm for extracting 6 degrees-of-freedom motion information from a 3D input device by employing an epipolar geometry of stereo camera, color, motion, and structure information, free from requiring the aid of camera calibration object. To extract 3D motion, we first determine the epipolar geometry of stereo camera by computing the perspective projection matrix and perspective distortion matrix. We then incorporate the proposed Motion Adaptive Weighted Unmatched Pixel Count algorithm performing color transformation, unmatched pixel counting, discrete Kalman filtering, and principal component analysis. The extracted 3D motion information can be applied to controlling virtual objects or aiding the navigation device that controls the viewpoint of a user in virtual reality setting. Since the stereo vision-based 3D input device is wireless, it provides users with a means for more natural and efficient interface, thus effectively realizing a feeling of immersion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.523-526
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• 2017

In modern recently technology, 3D-Audio is used to enhance immersion in Virtual Reality. This includes interest of people about VR and AR, which related to the field of computer graphics. In fact, a lot of research has been carried out in recent years into a 3D sound field. However, the existing 3D generator device used for virtual reality does not contain Doppler effect occurred by the sound comes to or leave from a listener, while an angle from the listener and the altitude of the source sound are applied. Therefore, this paper present 3D real sound utilizing Doppler effect with spatial-rotation-speaker. We map the source sound in 3D-space into a real space where a user stays and present 3D real sound by manipulating with rotation angle, phase difference, sound output volume of the sound in 3D-space, according to the location of a virtual source sound. Utilizing both natural Doppler effect of rotating sound that is occurring by spatial-rotation-speaker and artificial Doppler effect generated by frequency-modulation of sound quality could improving the virtual reality for sound condition for perspective listening.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.109-119
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• 2011

The virtual reality (VR) technology has been used as the application of architectural presentation or simulation tool in the field of industry. The high immersion and intuitive visual information are the great merits of design evaluation or environmental simulation when we are using the virtual environments. But the distortion of distance perception in VR is still a big problem when the accuracy of distance presentation is strictly required. For example, distance estimation is especially important when the virtual environments are applied to the presentational tool for evaluation the space design or planning in the field of architecture. If there are some perception error between the built space in real and represented space in virtual, the accurate design evaluation or modification of design is hard to be carried out during the design development stage. In this paper, we have carried out some experiments about distance estimation in the immersive virtual environments to verify the factors and their influence. We made a hypothesis that the lack of the information for the user in VR causes the different distance estimation from the real world because users are usually comfortable with moving fast and long distance in VR environments compared with moving slow and short distance in real space. So, we carried out basic experiment to prove our hypothesis that the lack of information makes subjects estimate the distance of walking in VR shorter compared with the same distance in real. Also, among the factors that probably affect the distance estimation in VR, we have verified the influence of the image resolution. The influence of resolution degradation of image on the distance estimation was verified with the condition of static and dynamic images. The results showed that the resolution has deep relation with the distance estimation. For example, the subject underestimated the distance at the lower resolution condition. We also found the methods of the making the lower resolution image could affect on the visual perception of subjects.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.216-227
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• 2022

The MPEG-I (Immersive) group is working on a standardization project for immersive video that provides 6 degrees of freedom (6DoF). The MPEG Immersion Video (MIV) standard technology is intended to provide limited 6DoF based on depth map-based image rendering (DIBR) technique. Many efficient coding methods have been suggested for MIV, but efficient transmission strategies have received little attention in MPEG-I. This paper proposes group-based adaptive rendering method for immersive video streaming. Each group can be transmitted independently using group-based encoding, enabling adaptive transmission depending on the user's viewport. In the rendering process, the proposed method derives weights of group for view synthesis and allocate high quality bitstream according to a given viewport. The proposed method is implemented through the Test Model for Immersive Video (TMIV) test model. The proposed method demonstrates 17.0% Bjontegaard-delta rate (BD-rate) savings on the peak signalto-noise ratio (PSNR) and 14.6% on the Immersive Video PSNR(IV-PSNR) in terms of various end-to-end evaluation metrics in the experiment.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.173-184
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• 2022

Focusing on the TikTok, this paper studies the factors that influence the use intention, flow and addiction of the elderly in short videos from three aspects of media attraction, perceived usefulness and user characteristics through quantitative research methods. In recent years, influenced by various factors, more and more seniors have begun to indulge in short form videos, which will do harm to their physical and mental health. Therefore, the researchers believe it is necessary to identify the behavioral intention of seniors and the path to addiction. According to the research results, the attractiveness of TikTok and the characteristics of seniors have a positive impact on the usefulness of media. In addition, the study confirms that media usefulness has an impact on use intention and use behavior, which may develop into immersion and addiction. This study not only supplements the classical TAM theory, but also provides a reference for helping seniors to use the Internet in a healthy way. The researchers look forward to expanding the research on the various Internet platforms used by seniors in different countries and regions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.47-58
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• 2022

This research presented development contents for application of realistic content approach study that can experience T-ball sports used in regular physical education classes at indoor space with screen. The scope of application can be used for ball sports training in virtual reality sports room of elementary and junior high schools. The approach process presents an appropriate approach system for sustainable training education which is to improve T-ball sports training to target users through consultation-based collaboration with sports experts and T-ball leaders, focusing on basic training content of T-ball textbooks. In other words, the training mode was designed to induce immersion in T-ball sports classes and provide natural basic training for students at elementary schools rather than simply experience-based realistic content. The developed training content provided basic attack training according to weekly differentiated curriculum, and the approach process of training mode by difficulty level was presented to allow the user to improve the training by the degree of difficulty. In addition, the match mode approach process that reflects the game rules of T-ball sports was presented. This study can be presented as a reference production case that can be used to improve basic training and physical exercise of ball sports for industries related to development of realistic content.