• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.131-138
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• 2018

In the recent years, with a purpose to provide visual and psychological stability to patients and hospital users, Affordance design theory based on perceptual psychological thought has been applied as hospital design. In the past, hospital service design was focused on but Affordance design theory focuses on the patients' experience and methodological research on . The characteristics of the application of Affordance design in the case of patients' experience and service point is as follows:- Firstly, Affordance design is applied when the objective of the patient's experience and the functionality of the object are combined. In other words, affordance design is a condition that arises when encounter between service contact point and patients' experience takes place. Secondly, In the field of Hospital service design, Affordance concepts in and its application can be divided on the functions of experience, cognition and sense following the application of Affordance concepts in Hospital service design. Thirdly, Affordance design method sets meaning of the action received through information provided by morphological features. The condition and surrounding has to be designed in a way that it can induce active behavior of the patient. This study has significance as it has been studied from the perspectives of Affordance theory of design psychology in addition to the physical environment of the hospital, the point of interaction between the hospital and patient, along with the elements of experience design. This study proposes the necessity of analytical study in the field of service design implementation considering various stakeholders in the service contact points of small and medium hospitals in Korea. Furthermore, study of the application of Affordance design can be complemented by reflecting the size of hospitals, the characteristics of specialties, and the specific service environment of each hospital can also be conducted.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.61-69
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• 2021

Wayfinding is a 'Process solving problem to find destination', and it is important to select spatial data for optimal way. Recently, due to the complexity of space and the expansion of the medium of the wayfinding service, it is necessary to the approach on the information design for them. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose a meta guideline on the information design for the design of orientation sign, which is an important cognitive clue in the wayfinding. It was conducted in 3 stages, First, a design process was proposed and design elements were derived for each step by literature research related to information and sign design, and analysis of manual for signage design. Second, a meta guideline for information organization and visualization in the three-stage design process was proposed by FGI and analysis. Third, the meta guideline was applied to the sign design on an area for user evaluation to inspect the applicability of the meta guideline. Through the user questionnaire, the possibility of applying the guideline for visualization of directions and spaces, information hierarchy according to spatial characteristics and information priority was identified. It is meaningful in that necessary element for signage design are systematized centering on the process and that it presents a macroscopic methodology according to spatial characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.66-85
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• 1988

The user's composition in Chiak Mountain National Park showed that male, twenties(20-29 ages) and high school or more graduated students were 64.7％, 72.5％ and 95％ respectively by sex, age and education. In visiting purpose, the natural parks characteristics shelved to be a important merit of Chiak Mountain, but the picnic patterns as of neighbourhood park and the recreation patterns as of recreation ground were appeared to be important simultaneously. In preferable place of visitors, the water in valley, natural landscape and climbing were prefered. In the district of Temple Kuryong valley, the peak season of visiting was Fall, and the peak hours during a day was 10 hours A.M and 5 hours P.M. Therfora the management plan in consideration of hiking pattern of nature park, picnic pattern as of neighbourhood park and recreation pattern as of recreation ground shall be necessary to solve the conflicts among functions in Chiak Mountain National Park.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.115-123
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• 2013

Today, the views on Temporality of space have been changed not only to be based on the concept of time, but also to identify the space with a body adapted to the new circumstances. The study suggests that the actions of performers in space have been important by changes of views and are connected to the music phenomenology mixed with music whose tempo is the phenomenology related with of human consciousness itself, and derives the temporal property by putting them into Rem Koolhaas space with the fluid quality. According to Clifton's Phenomenology of Music, an understanding of music is made in both human body and consciousness as two ways to listen to sounds and enjoy music. Though a correlation between the characteristics of Clifton's Phenomenology of Music and one of resulted from uncertainty and immateriality of modern space Temporality, we could work out four kinds of characters which are the continuity of the fluidity from temporal programs, contrasting changes or synchronicity, the multidimensionality from synesthesia of line and face, ventilation by quality of the material and immaterial circumstances of sound effects, the implication in events resulted from cognition for information and unexpected actions, and the autonomy of the route of a variety of experiences including intimate connection of inter-related events and temporary and diverse external conditions. Hereby Temporality of musical phenomenology in Rem Koolhaas's space can be experienced by systems base oh the importance of host's motion, changes of programs according to the motion as well as uncertainty and immaterial changes. Due to the changes user's emotion and motion is undergone as Temporality that changes automatically.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.235-240
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to find out users' preference of the shares community space(SCS) for the Community Design. For this, it was analyzed the residents' behavior characteristics of the current multi-family housing and the residents' needs of the SCS. This study focused on seeking out the user-oriented design criteria for the planning of the SCS. The survey was carried out with a structured questionnaire including sketch map from Aug. 13, 2001 to Sept. 14, 2001. The subjects were housewives who's living in Haeuondae of Busan, Korea. Total number of 650 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. Especially 439 cases among them were used for analysis of mental map. The SPSS PC＋ was used for the analysis of data. The results of this study are as follows : First, as to the users' behavior for the SCSs, there is a difference in the location of residents' activities by contents of them. And, the range of these locations categorized according to levels of spacial cognition for neighborhoods. Second, as to the analysis of the SCS through a mental maps, it was shown that the residents' pathway and the residents' location are main variables to be considered in the SCS planning. The preferred location of SCS is organized according to the character of the SCS; the one for most residents, is located the surrounding of main enterance or the center of the housing complex, and the one the neighbors living in the same or the near building is located in area of the block of resident buildings. Third, as the results of residents' needs analysis, the SCS has the meaning of community facilities. And there is a difference in the degree of necessity and in the preferred location according to character of the SCS. In detal, for the indoor SCS of a resident building, there is a difference in the preferred location according to the kinds of each SCS. And for the outdoor SCS, it is necessary to divide the planning zone of the SCS into 3 steps(the resident building, the block of resident buildings, and the housing complex).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.60-70
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• 2019

Today, Deoksugung Doldam-gil, which is a well-known area in Seoul, has become a mixed place as many places reaching a critical age have been converted into parks. However, the previous research on the Deoksugung Doldam-gil was deficient in that the user, an essential variable, was not considered when assessing the place. Based on that, this study aims to analyze and interpret the perception of the places in Deoksugung Doldam-gil and to analyze factors to further enrich the place to visitors. According to the research, the representative idea of Deoksugung Doldam-gil is "the distance you want to go" and that has influencing factors, such as vehicle restrictions and the improvement of the walking environment. The analysis of classifying the variables that make up the perception of the place, physical environments, activities and meanings showed high awareness in, "streets of green (3.95)" and "stone walls of curves (3.88)." In the category of activities, "walking activities in the inner city (4.01)" and "love and romance (3.57)" were high. These results seem to reflect the spatial characteristics of the streets and the familiar image of the place were important. Five factors were extracted from the factor analysis to provide a more detailed understanding of the place perception, the correlation between each factor, and the place atmosphere of Deoksugung Doldam-gil. These factors confirmed a high correlation between 'green landscape' and 'historicity.' This can be attributed to the fact that the analysis reflects vital space, visual experience, and free walking conditions to be important, and these variables are present in urban parks. It also indicates the long-accumulated image and behavior near the site of Deoksugung Palace, including the historical and cultural heritage. It was confirmed that the factors related to the cognitive perception of Deoksugung Doldam-gil and the formation of the atmosphere of the place were strongly recognized. It found that there was a need to reflect the value and importance of 'green' in the future as culture or in the use of preservation and management related to heritage. This study presented a direction to be noted from the perspective of a user's place awareness, but considered only a fraction of the variables that affect the multidimensional sense of place and location recognition, and thus must be supplemented in the future.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.95-119
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• 2010

Although there have been many studies regarding the inconsistency between consumers' attitudes and behavior, prior research has almost exclusively focused on the relationship between the attitude before behavior and the initial behavior. Relatively little research has been conducted on consumer satisfaction after purchase and post-purchase behavior. This research proposed that the relationship between satisfaction and post-purchase behavior is moderated by consumers' psychological characteristics such as need for cognitive closure(NCC) and temporal self-construal(SC). The need for cognitive closure refers to individuals' desire for a firm answer to a question and an aversion toward ambiguity. We assumed the need for cognitive closure as a major moderating variable because it is judged that the requirement for cognition clearly varies between when a consumer repurchases the same product and seeks a new alternative. Individuals who tend to end cognition due to time constraints or inappropriate conditions may display considerable cognitive impatience or impulsivity and has a higher probability in repurchasing the same product than a consumer without such limitations. They would avoid further consideration for new alternatives and the likelihood of the repurchase for prior alternative would increase. As hypothesized, significant moderating effect of the NCC was confirmed. This result gives a significant implication for a corporate to establish effective marketing strategies. For a corporate or product brand that has been occupying the market after entering the market earlier, it would be effective to maintain need for cognitive closure high in the existing consumers and thereby preventing the consumers from being interested in the new alternatives. On the other hand, new brands that have just entered the market need to lower the potential consumers' need for cognitive closure so that the consumers can be interested in new alternatives. Along with need for cognitive closure, temporal self-construal also turned out to moderate the satisfaction-repurchase. temporal SC reflects the extent to which individuals view themselves either as an individuated entity or in relation to others. Consumers under a temporarily independent SC would repurchase former alternative again according to their prior satisfaction and evaluation. In contrast, consumers in temporal interdependent SC tended to switch to a new alternative because they value interpersonal relationships above anything else and have a tendency to rely heavily on in-group opinions. When they are confronted with additional opinions, it is highly probable that he/she will choose a new product as an alternative. By proving the impact that temporal self-construal has on repurchasing behavior, this study is providing the marketers with new standards for establishing successful promotional strategies. For example, if the buyer and the user is the same for a product, it would be effective for the seller to convince the consumer to make decision subjectively by encouraging temporal independent self-construal. On the contrary, in the case where the purchase is made by an individual but the product is consumed by a group of people. For example, a housewife is more likely to choose the products or brands that her husband or children prefer rather than the ones that she likes by herself. In that case, emphasizing how the whole family can be satisfied and happy about the product would be effective for promoting repurchase.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.51-60
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• 2021

Modern society is becoming more informed and intelligent with the development of digital technology, in which humans, objects, and networks relate with each other. In accordance with the changing times, a garden system has emerged that makes it easy to supply the ideal temperature, humidity, sunlight, and moisture conditions to grow plants. Therefore, this study attempted to grasp the concept, perception, and trends of smart gardens, a recent concept. To achieve the purpose of this study, previous studies and text mining were used, and the results are as follows. First, the core characteristics of smart gardens are new gardens in which IoT technology and gardening techniques are fused in indoor and outdoor spaces due to technological developments and changes in people's lifestyles. As technology advances and the importance of the environment increases, smart gardens are becoming a reality due to the need for living spaces where humans and nature can co-exist. With the advent of smart gardens, it will be possible to contribute to gardens' vitalization to deal with changes in garden-related industries and people's lifestyles. Second, in current research related to smart gardens and users' experiences, the technical aspects of smart gardens are the most interesting. People value smart garden functions and technical aspects that enable a safe, comfortable, and convenient life, and subjective uses are emerging depending on individual tastes and the comfort with digital devices. Third, looking at the usage behavior of smart gardens, they are mainly used in indoor spaces, with edible plants are being grown. Due to the growing importance of the environment and concerns about climate change and a possible food crisis, the tendency is to prefer the cultivation of plants related to food, but the expansion of garden functions can satisfying users' needs with various technologies that allow for the growing of flowers. In addition, as users feel the shapes of smart gardens are new and sophisticated, it can be seen that design is an essential factor that helps to satisfy users. Currently, smart gardens are developing in terms of technology. However, the main components of the smart garden are the combination of humans, nature, and technology rather than focusing on growing plants conveniently by simply connecting potted plants and smart devices. It strengthens connectivity with various city services and smart homes. Smart gardens interact with the landscape of the architect's ideas rather than reproducing nature through science and technology. Therefore, it is necessary to have a design that considers the functions of the garden and the needs of users. In addition, by providing citizens indoor and urban parks and public facilities, it is possible to share the functions of communication and gardening among generations targeting those who do not enjoy 'smart' services due to age and bridge the digital device and information gap. Smart gardens have potential as a new landscaping space.