• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.233-238
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• 2002

The product process is sequence of all the required activities that a company must perform to develop, and manufacture a product. These activities include marketing, research, engineering design, quality assurance, manufacturing, and a whole chain of suppliers and vendors. The process also comprises all strategic planning, capital investments, management decisions, and tasks necessary to create a new product. manufacturing processes must be created so that the product can be produced in the product facility Purchasing new equipment and training workers may be required if new technology is to be used. Tools, fixtures, and the sequence of steps in the manufacturing processes must all be developed to allow rapid, high-quality, cost effective production. Also, it may be needed to be rearrange the production facility to adapt to the new manufacturing processes. Therefore, this study tries to proposed that Scheduling by customer needs group for minimizing the problem and reducing inventory, product development time, cycle time, and order lead time.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.87-113
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• 2006

This paper describes a comprehensive approach to examine how technological innovation contributes to the renewal of the firm's competences through its dynamic and reciprocal relationship with R&D and product commercialization. Three theories of technology and innovation (R&D and technological knowledge concept, product-process concept, technological interdependence concept) are used to relate technology and innovation to strategic management. Based on those theories, this paper attempts to identify dynamic relationship between product innovation and process innovation by system dynamics, by investigating the aspect of the dynamic changes of the closed feedback circulation structure in which R&D investments drive technological knowledge accumulation, and such knowledge accumulation actualizes product innovation and process innovation, subsequently resulting in the increase of productivity, customer satisfaction, profit generation, and re-investment on R&D from the created profits. This provides the ability to assess the advantages and disadvantages of different technological innovation strategies and commitments, and the opportunity to explore equilibrium point and suggest a generalized technological innovation model under different industry environment parameters and time-strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.97-109
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• 2014

This paper considers a reverse supply chain with simultaneous recovery of used products and manufacturing of brand-new ones. Recovered products are downgraded and have to be sold in a market different from that of brand-new products at a different price. In case of a shortage of recovered product inventory, a brand-new item, if available, can be offered at the price of a recovered product. In other words, one-way demand substitution is allowed. We address the joint decision of when to manufacture brand-new product, when to recover returned product, and how to control demand substitution to maximize the hybrid production system's profits. To this end, we propose a Markov decision Process model and investigate the structure of the optimal policy. Performance comparison is numerically implemented between the models with and without downward demand substitution option under different operating conditions of the system parameters.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.25-37
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• 1999

Some multi echelon inventory systems carry perishable products. The value of these product reduces as the period of time they spend in the system. In this paper We derive the necessary condition to determine optimal quantity, service level for a perishable product. The systems considered consist of two echelons and carry single item. To determine the optimal order quantity, the demand is assumed to be constant, the holding costs may be different in the echelons, and it allows no shortages. I assumed the price of product decreases by negative exponential function. To determine service level, following assumptions used in the model ㆍlead time is constant. ㆍdemand is normal distribution. ㆍthe product starts to perish at the second echelon. Service level is computed for different levels of lead times and for different variance of demands and for different price functions. The experimental results indicate that the service level in cost is a function of service level in demand and perishability of product. Results of the models exhibit that perishability and the age of the product are critical to determine the lot sizing and service level.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.10 no.16
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• pp.149-158
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• 1987

The Adoption/Diffusion of Innovations(New Product), a topic of study and research that has frown rapidly in the past few decades, deals with how a new product is adopted in a society. It is of high importance to marketing organizations because New Products must be brought out continuously in order to service. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Adoption/Diffusion Models for New product which will help to analyze the Adoption/Diffusion process of Adopters. There are a number of models that, with varying degrees of success, have been used to predict market acceptance of new product. In this paper, following types of new product Adoption/Diffusion Models was suggested. (1) Adoption Models : The Alternative Models of Adoption. The Rogers Model of the Innovation Decision Process. (2) Diffusion Models : First Purchase Models(Basic Models, Extension of the Basic Models), Repeat Purchase Models

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.209-221
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• 2005

One of the most fundamental problems in business is to evaluate the value of each product. The difficulty is that the profit of one product not only comes from its own sales, but also its influence on the sales of other products, i.e., the "cross-selling effect". This study integrates a measure for cross selling and an algorithm for profit estimation. Sales transaction data and post sales survey data from on-line and off-line shopping mall is used to show the effectiveness of the method against other heuristic for profit estimation based on product-specific profitability. We show that with the use of the new method we are able to identify the cross-selling potential of each product and use the information for better product selection.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.49-68
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• 2018

It is appropriate and useful to interpret some product classification schemes as buyer behavior models; such classifications permit investigations of discrepancies between classification predictions and actual buyer behavior. We review existing product classifications and identify underlying behavioral assumptions of various classification schemes that have been used in the marketing discipline for more than nine decades. Recognizing the irrelevance of existing product classifications for current products, we propose a new reclassification framework by incorporating transparency concepts. Based on this extended product classification, we highlight the potential roles of product classification study as an important link between consumer research and marketing strategy, emphasizing behavioral implications.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.275-282
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• 2018

Objective: Since certain chemicals are widely applied in a variety of consumer products, exposure via simultaneous use of multiple consumer products can put human health at risk. For this reason, use patterns of consumer products are an important factor inhuman health risk assessment. The aim of this study is to investigate co-use patterns of air-fresheners and deodorizers in Korea in order to estimate potential cumulative exposure. Methods: To collect the information on use patterns of air-fresheners and deodorizers, ten air-fresheners and 14 deodorizers were selected. A total of 3,000 participants were recruited and asked through on line questionnaires whether they had simultaneously used the selected air-fresheners and deodorant products in their daily lives. Results: Among the 3,000 participants, 45.6% had used more than two air fresheners and 46.3% used more than two deodorizers. The most common types of air fresheners used concurrently include liquid and candle types for indoor environments, while those of deodorizers were fabric trigger sprays and refrigerator gels. In addition, 73.7% used more than two products without product categories. Fabric trigger sprays were contained in all of the high-ranking product combinations. Conclusions: This study showed that many consumers concurrently used air-fresheners and deodorizers in their daily routines. For accurate exposure assessment, co-use patterns of consumer products should be further investigated.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.162-174
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• 2017

Product Certification Marks can be used as reliable information in terms of product quality to consumers. This study focuses on how each product attitude of consumers in Korea and China can be changed depending on attachment of product certification mark. Based on nations, product certification marks, and price levels, eight types of questionnaire are distributed and collected where the respondents are allowed to answer product attitudes of two different products in oder to minimize the effect of the product characteristic. As a result, the product attitude of Korean consumers has been showed to more depend on product certification mark than that of Chinese consumers does. The moderating effect of price has been stronger on Chinese consumers than on Korean consumers, and in the case of high price there has been a distinct gap between two countries. This study has its meaning in the way of that the product certification mark has been considered in relation to price level and differently affected product attitude between two countries.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.301-314
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine the gender differences in the relationships between knowledge of, attachment with, and attitude toward a parent brand and perceived risk of, attitude toward, and purchase intension of an extended product in the case of brand extension. A total of 300 survey questionnaires were distributed to 150 male and 150 female college students, and 275 responses were used for the final analysis. The results showed that for male college students, knowledge of the parent brand had a positive relationship with brand attachment with the parent brand, which in turn had a positive relationship with brand attitude toward the parent brand. Knowledge of the parent brand had a negative relationship with perceived risk of the extended product, which again had a negative relationship with attitude toward the extended product. In addition, for male college students, knowledge of the parent brand had a positive relationship with attitude toward the extended product, which also had a positive relationship with purchase intension of the extended product. For female college students, brand attachment with the parent brand had a positive relationship with brand attitude toward the parent brand, which also had a positive relationship with attitude toward the extended product. Brand attachment with the parent brand showed a negative relationship with perceived risk of the extended product, which also had a negative relationship with attitude toward the extended product.