• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.13-25
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• 2001

Recently there have been increasing demands and desire for the urban open space due to urban development or environmental deterioration. Urban natural parks in Seoul provide citizens with comfortable open space and thus play an important role as learning spaces to experience nature and understand the environment. Accordingly, this study aims to analyze existing vegetation and provide basic data for the conservation and management plans of urban natural parks and education programs. The contents of the study encompass natural environment such as topography, altitude, slope and aspect and botanical ecosystem including the structure of plant communities and tree growth. According to the result of topography analysis, the overall altitude was not high but the slope was relative steep. Vegetation of Seoo Royal Tomb, a urban natural park has been classified into 12 types, and they include; Quercus acutissima community(lowland type), Quercus acutissima community(valley type), quercus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica community, Castanea crenata community, Capinus laxiflora community, Pinus densiflora community(lowland type), Pinus densiflora community(slope type), Robinia pseudo-acacia community, Populos$\times$albaglandulosa community, Pinus rigida community, and Pinus koraiensis community. Based on the survey and analysis results, we have classified the study area into conservation, buffer, and utilization zones for the effective management. This study provides basic data to support the establishment of master plans for urban natural parks by analyzing vegetation conditions at Seoo Royal Tomb, an urban natural park, Based on the results presented in the study, consistent monitoring work needs to be conducted, and elaborate management plans also should be prepared.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.303-312
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• 2020

Safety culture is a collection of the beliefs, perceptions and values that employees share in relation to risks within an organisation. On the other hand, a resilient safety culture (RSC) means a culture with readiness of the organisation to respond effectively under stress, bounce back from shocks and continuously learn from them. RSC helps organisations to protect their interest which can be attributed to behavioural, psychological and managerial capabilities of the organization. Quantification of the degree of resilience in an organisation's safety culture can provide insights about the strong and weak links of the organisation's overall health and safety situation by identifying potential causes of system or sub-system failure. One of the major challenges of quantification of RSC is that the attributes that determine RSC need to be measured through constructs and indicators which are complex and often interrelated. In this paper, we address this challenge by applying a fault tree analysis (FTA) technique which can help analyse complex and interrelated constructs and indicators. The fault tree model of RSC is used to evaluate resilience levels of two organisations with remote and urban locations in order to demonstrate the failure path of the weak links in the RSC model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.217-220
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• 2005

Internal cities such as gray level been enclosed to building forest are paying a lot of efforts and expenses to change to green city toot park and street tree get put together. By the example, 'GREEN CITY of PUSAN 21' progress to decorate army facilities like the park, and to plant street trees in several places of city plan in Pusan. And urban environment that big citys of advanced nation are agreeable is making in the large park and road street trees at several places in downtown. Because price of tree for the park is very expensive, tree management system was all-important. In this paper, Motes deliver the sensor information in each tree through radio sensor network by server side. This information can use in state grasping of tree, harmful insects courtesy call etc and this system design was suggested to inform to mode of life administration scholars.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.11-30
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• 2019

Smartcards are used as the basic data for utilizing the various transportation policies and evaluations, etc. and provided the transportation basic statistics index. However, the main problem of the smartcard data is that the most of users do not take the alighting tag at the stop, so there is a limit to the scope of use for the total O-D trip data because incomplete O-D traffic data of transportation card users. In this study, a decision tree of learning model is estimated for the alighting stop of smartcard users. The model estimation accuracy in range less than 2 stops interval was 89.7% on average. By eliminating the incompleteness alighting stop of smartcard data through this model, it is expected to be used as the basic data for various transportation analyses and evaluations.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.77-85
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• 2012

In this study, emission rates (ER) of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) were measured by varying levels of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). An appropriate plan for ozone reduction according to increasing ecology area ratio in future metropolitan areas was suggested. Several trees were selected as representative tree species in urban areas. Emission rates and composition ratios of monoterpene and isoprene emitted from these trees were estimated and compared. As a result, it was found that emission rates of BVOCs were considerably different depending on tree species. Especially, BVOCs emitted from Platanus orientalis and Quercus mongolica could significantly affect ozone increase in the metropolitan area, because the emission rates were several thousands to ten thousand times higher than those emitted from Zelkova serrata and Prunus serrulata. Furthermore, it was observed that emission rates of BVOCs by species increased maximum up to 10 times when PAR, which has close relations with temperature, rose. It was concluded that tree species such as Zelkova serrata et al., was appropriate for metropolitan areas since the species has low ozone potential and good landscape. Suppose this type of trees are planted on purpose in the urban areas, better ambient air quality will be promised in the future.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.217-229
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• 2018

This paper aims at applying the data mining such as decision tree, neural network, and logistic regression to an unsold apartment complex in Wirye new town and developing the model forecasting the result of initial sale contract by house unit. Raw data are divided into training data and test data. The order of predictability in training data is neural network, decision tree, and logistic regression. On the contrary, the results of test data show that logistic regression is the best model. This means that logistic regression has more data adaptability than neural network which is developed as the model optimized for training data. Determinants of initial sale are the location of floor, direction, the location of unit, the proximity of electricity and generator room, subscriber's residential region and the type of subscription. This suggests that using two models together is more effective in exploring determinants of initial sales. This paper contributes to the development of convergence field by expanding the scope of data mining.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.131-142
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• 2017

The function of urban parks as wildlife habitats is becoming increasingly important. The urban park serves as a key area for preserving urban biodiversity. The purpose of this study is to estimate the bird species diversity in 30 parks in Cheonan city and quantitatively analyze the influence of vegetation, park structure and landscape connectivity index. As the results, a total of 27 birds species and 1,509 individuals were found at the sites and the largest number of birds were found in the Cheongsa park with 17 species. The optimal regression model was selected as the explanatory variables for the logged park area (LPA), the tree cover ratio (Co_T) and the patch betweenness centrality (PB). LPA and Co_T mean the internal characteristics of the park, and PB was the external environmental variable meaning landscape connectivity. LPA was the most important factor (73.3%) as bird habitat, and the PB could be interpreted as a factor that should be considered as important (26.7%). It will be possible to consider these environmental variables in the park and green area construction and management.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 1995

The changes of rural landscape are currently spread everywhere and are rapidily being processed both in quality and in quantities of changes From such aspects, it is urgent to control the land scape change, and is required to know what is valued or preferred in rural landscape, This study was conducted to investigate preferences and differences of the responses between urban and rural residents to rural scenery. As a method, color-slide surrogates for rural landscape settings are shown to urban and rural residents, For a given 52 scenes of rural landscapes the respondents judged the familiarity, orality, and preference along a ten point scale. The following facts are found: 1) Refponses to certain types of landscape settings are influenced by the place of residence of the respondents. The urban residents highly rated natural components of the rural landscape. In contrast rural residents preferred the scenes with visible sign of development 2) The relations among the estimation of preference, familiarity and rurality in rural landscape were deeply correlated. When the rural lands(:ape is adequately ref resented as 'familiarity' or 'rurality' well the landscape is more preferred 3) It is found what is valued or preferred in rural landscape : Readjusted agricultural land, big tree, grassland hi dominated visually were preferred in rural landscape. The implication of this study is that successful planning of development or management in rural area will occur only when these different needs and values are acknowledged and accommodated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.27-38
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• 2003

This study aimed to provide basic data for future management of roadside trees by analyzing problems associated with plantation and management of roadside trees through categorization of functions and organizational structure, plantation and management, and management regulations and generating improvement opportunities based on the result of a survey on the awareness of government officials who are directly in charge of managing roadside trees in 31 cities & counties within Kyonggi province. The summary of key results of this study is as follows. First, "roadside tree-related function" is still not considered to be independent. About a half of government officials in charge did not majored in this field and they spent only about "2.09hours", in average, in the roadside tree-related function out of 8 working hours per day. Second, regarding problems and improvement opportunities in roadside tree-related function, lack of time was considered to be the biggest problem in overall management of roadside trees. As for improvement opportunities, "increase of dedicated manpower" and "system development" to facilitate efficient processing were suggested. Third, an annual budget for roadside tree-related affairs was merely 92 million won per city/county. A registry for management of roadside trees was kept manually. As for the roles of roadside trees, improvement of landscape and securing of green area itself were valued highly. Fourth, Ginkgo biloba, Zelkova serrata, and Prunus yedoensis were suggested to be the most appropriate species for roadside tree and Platanus occidentalis, Populus albaglandulosa, Populus euramericana, and Robinia pseudo-acacia were mentioned to be the least appropriate species.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.635-644
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• 2016

Birds play a main role in the formation and change of forest structures as they are seed-dispersal agents. This study aims to identify birds consuming fruits and seeds of the tree and their associated fruits and seeds on Jeju Island in the context on the forest restoration in Korea. We conducted field surveys twice a month from 2013 to 2015 at nine study sites located across Jeju Island and collected available photographic and observation records. A total of 50 species of birds consuming fruits and seeds of the tree were identified and birds belonging to Bombycillidae, Pycnonotidae, Zosteropidae, Sturnidae and Fringillidae were confirmed as major birds consuming fruits and seeds of the tree. Gulping was the dominant type of feeding as well as crushing, but relationship between the size of a bird and the number of fruit and seed species used by the bird was not significant. We also documented that 118 fruit and seed species were consumed by birds and that shrubby fruits and seeds were more consumed by birds than those of other plant types. The relative consumption rate of fruits and seeds ranged from 0.02 to 0.44, but five species were the most important fruits and seeds for birds. Our finding suggest that avian frugivorous gulpers will benefit the seed dispersal, especially of five fruiting plants, providing useful baseline data for forest restoration and urban park design.