• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.321-338
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• 2014

This study was examined the level of satisfaction in rural settlement and analyzed its differences according to various demographic variables and characteristics of urban-rural migration. The analysis was conducted by considering returning farmers residing in rural areas. A statistical analysis was conducted using t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple-range test with a total of 210 responses. First, satisfaction with the convenience of living facilities varied significantly according to the occupation before urban-rural migration, responses of family members and friends to urban-rural migration, and the initial capital for urban-rural migration. Second, satisfaction with the natural environment varied significantly according to age and reasons for urban-rural migration. Third, satisfaction with the transportation environment varied significantly according to gender, the period of residence after urban-rural migration, and the employment type of the returning farmer. Fourth, satisfaction with neighborliness varied significantly according to parents' occupation, agricultural experience before urban-rural migration, experience in agriculture-related social life before urban-rural migration, reasons for urban-rural migration, the type of urban-rural migration, and the employment type of the returning farmer. Fifth, satisfaction with the agricultural environment varied significantly according to responses of family members and friends to urban-rural migration, the period of residence after urban-rural migration, and reasons for urban-rural migration. Sixth, satisfaction with the housing environment varied significantly according to the residential area, the agricultural experience before urban-rural migration, and the period of residence after urban-rural migration.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.653-667
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• 2017

The purpose of this study were to investigate the socio-economic impacts of urban-to-rural migration on the rural community and to identify the factors influencing rural residents' recognition of the socio-economic impacts of urban-to-rural migration on the rural community. For the purpose, this study analyzed Korea Rural Economic Institute's rural residents survey(2016), using multiple regression model. The main finding of this study were as follows: Positive social impacts of urban-to-rural migration on rural community were (1) contributing to community sustainability through population growth, (2) contributing to securing agricultural human resources, and others. Negative social impacts of urban-to-rural migration on rural community were (1) increasing unnecessary complaints and deepening distrust, (2) weakening of community consciousness, and others. Positive economic impacts of urban-to-rural migration on rural community were (1) increasing the value of residents' property, (2) contributing to local finance through increased local tax revenue, and others. Negative economic impacts of urban-to-rural migration on rural community were (1) difficulty of scaling farmland due to small-scale farming, (2) land shortage caused by rising land prices, and (3) fierce competition to secure labor force. According to the multiple regression analysis, the major factors influencing rural residents' recognition of the socio-economic impacts of urban-to-rural migration were (1) villagers' general attitude toward urban-to-rural migrants, (2) urban-to-rural migrants' community participation, (3) age, and (4) fitness of village in urban-to-rural migration.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.335-346
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• 2016

For the purpose, this study examines to identify factors influencing urban to rrual migration for farming. This study analyzed 217 urban to rural migrant farmers. The result of this study were as follows: the influence of the main variables on the agricultural challenges of the urban to rural migrant farmers were observed as the relationship of the level of financial preparations, the motivations of urban to rural migration, the agricultural income, the annual of urban to rural migration, the size of agricultural, gender, and age. This study result show that urban to rural migrant farmers' agricultural challenges is influenced by almost economical factors. Therefore, for the successful agricultural activities of the urban to rural migrant farmers show significant impact to need on the composite effort of all such as the individual, the family, the rural society, local autonomous entity, the government.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.336-343
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• 1984

Rapid urban growth is characterized in most developing countries. Overurbanization, in this paper, which means rural-urban migration continues to exceed rates of urban job creation, thus leading to a less than optimal allocation of labor between the rural and urban sectors. In consequence of over-urbanization third world cities are suffering unemployment, underemployment and misemployment. Rural-urban migration, a few years ago, was viewed favorably with regards to the economic development, but recent developing countries are experiencing the opposite. Rural-urban expected income differential can act to exacerbate the urban unemployment situation even though urban employment might expand as a direct result of governement policy. Agricultural investment, especially land saving technology - irrigation, drainage, etc. - and rural industrialization seems to be the best policy to reduce overurbanization.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.27-45
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• 1990

이촌향도형(離村向都型) 인구이동(人口移動) 농촌지역경제(農村地域經濟)에 미치는 영향(影響)에 관해 두가지 상반(相反)된 견해(見解)가 있다. 신고전학파적(新古典學派的) 낙관론(樂觀論) 따르면 이농현상(離農現象)은 농촌지역(農村地域)의 소득(所得)이나 후생수준(厚生水準)을 저해(沮害)하지 않는다고 보는 반면 Lipton (1980)은 그 반대의 견해(見解)를 취하고 있다. 본고(本稿)에서는 비교역재(非交易財)(nontraded goods)에 대한 국제무역이론(國濟貿易理論)과 화란병(和蘭病)(Dutch Disease)의 이론(理論)을 원용하여 농촌(農村)에서 도시(都市)로의 인구이동모형을 개발했다. 이 모형은 이농인구이동(離農人口移動)이 농촌지역(農村地域)의 소득(所得)과 후생수준(厚生水準)을 저해(沮害)한다는 점에서는 Lipton의 견해(見解)와 일치하나 소득(所得)을 감소(減少)시키는 요인들은 Lipton의 모형(模型)에서 지적(指摘)된 것들과는 다르다. 본고(本稿)는 이농현상(離農現象)이 농촌소득(農村所得)을 감소(減少)시키는 이유가 농업생산성(農業生産性)의 하락(下落) 때문이 아니라 농촌노동 및 소비인구의 격감으로 인한 농업부문(農業部門)의 이윤감소(利潤減少)와 농촌(農村) 서비스부문(部門)와 쇠퇴(衰退)때문이라고 주장한다. 1966, 1970, 1975, 1980 및 1985년의 한국인구(韓國人口)센서스 통계자료(統計資料)를 이용하여 주요가설(主要假說)들에 대해 실증분석(實證分析)을 한 결과 신고전학파(新古典學派)의 주장(主張)이나 Lipton의 견해(見解)보다 본(本) 연구모형(硏究模型)의 설명력(說明力)이 더 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2016

Throughout the economic development era of Korea, migration occurred within a spatial hierarchy, with upward flows from rural areas to urban. The concept of step migration is a typical theory to explain these upward migration flows. Recent migration data and trends, however, indicate that migration-pattern regime shows strongly opposite-direction flows, with many of the major migration flowing downward on this national-spatial hierarchy, away from urban areas. In this study, we examine the most recent structure of migration flows up and down within the national-spatial hierarchy. We define seven tiers to tabulate origin-destination migration flows from population density of local administrative districts for the period 2001-2014, and then analyze the migration patterns between the tiers over time. The results show differentiated patterns of migration within the national-spatial hierarchy over time including specific states of migrants' life cycles.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.447-473
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• 2010

Japan is very similar with Korea in aspect of decreasing population of rural areas and increasing demand of urbanites' migrating to rural areas. Therefore, government ministries of Japan including Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries have performed policies for popularizing stay in rural area and rural in-migration as a new lifestyle since the early 2000s. The purpose of this study is to find implication for rural repopulation in Korea though reviewing Japan's policy for urban-rural interchange. In Japan, demand of urban-rural interchange was segmented by the length and purpose of stay, and the policy was made by the way of meeting the needs of each segmented group. After two cases of policy implementation in Kochi and Fukushima prefecture were studied, a few implications were discussed. For rural repopulation, comprehensive vision and strategy of urban-rural interchange including from rural tourism to rural inmigration and diverse programs for satisfying various kinds of demand of urban-rural interchange need to be developed.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.487-503
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• 2016

귀농인구의 증가는 빠르게 고령화되고 있는 한국농촌에서 경제 활성화의 단초로 주목받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 2013년 귀농귀촌인 통계를 바탕으로 네트워크 방법을 사용해 귀농인구의 이동에 대한 분석을 진행한다. 구체적으로 다양한 네트워크 중심도지표를 사용해 주요 귀농 거점지역을 파악하고 통계적 네트워크 모형을 사용해 귀농인구의 이동에 존재하는 경향을 살펴본다. 또한 latant distance model을 이용하여 거리가 귀농인구 이동에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아본다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.217-228
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 귀농귀촌에 대한 원주민의 인식과 욕구를 살펴보고, 그 결과를 기초로 원주민의 입장이 고려된 귀농귀촌정책 사업들을 제언하는 데에 있다. 본 연구는 귀농귀촌에대한 원주민의 경험을 심층적으로 파악함으로써 귀농귀촌에 대한 원주민의 인식과 욕구를 면밀히 알아보기 위해 초점집단인터뷰 방법을 활용하였다. 연구결과, 원주민이 느끼는 '상대적 박탈감', '귀농귀촌의한계와 어려움', '성공적인 정착을 위한 방안'과 같이 총 3개의 상위범주로 분류되었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통한 구체적인 함의는 첫째, 원주민이 인식하는 귀농귀촌은 정부정책의 불만과 귀농귀촌인의 태도가 귀농귀촌에 대한 부정적 인식을 조성하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 귀농귀촌의 한계와 어려움으로서 경제적 어려움과 안정적인 농작물 경작 및 농사기술 습득의 어려움 등이 나타났다. 셋째, 원주민이 생각하는 귀농귀촌인과의 관계형성 및 소통과 화합에 대한 인식으로는 원활한 관계형성을 위해 귀농귀촌인들과 직접적인 소통을 하고 정보를 교환할 수 있는 모임의 활성화와 소통과 협업을 위해 귀농귀촌인들이 농촌문화를 이해하고 배우려는 자세와 노력이 필요하다는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 귀농귀촌과관련된 정보제공 및 지원을 위한 구심점 역할을 하는 기관이 부족함을 알 수 있다. 다섯째, 원주민이 생각하는 귀농귀촌인의정착을 위한 방안들이 도출되었다. 여섯째, 귀농귀촌인의정착과 원주민과의 관계증진이 함께 이루어질 수 있게끔 원주민들이 귀농귀촌인의 멘토가 되는 것이 필요한 것으로 보인다.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.1137-1170
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• 2012

귀농 귀촌자의 동기, 태도, 행태에 대한 이해를 위해 설문조사를 통해 귀농 귀촌자를 귀농 귀촌동기에 따라 유형화하였다. 요인분석 결과 귀농 귀촌자는 5개의 귀농 귀촌동기 차원을 가지고 있었다. 5개의 귀농 귀촌동기 차원은 '경제적 성공 추구', '전원적 삶 추구', '가족생활 추구', '도시생활회피 추구', '영농승계 추구'이다. 이 중에서 전체변량을 가장 많이 설명하는 귀농동기 차원은 '경제적 성공 추구'와 '전원적 삶 추구'로 나타났다. 이 같은 결과는 귀농자들은 '전원적 삶 추구'를 가장 중요한 귀농동기로 고려하고 있음을 나타낸다. 귀농 귀촌동기에 따라 귀농 귀촌자를 유형화하기 위하여 귀농 귀촌동기 차원에 기초하여 군집분석을 실시하였다. 군집분석결과 4개의 군집으로 구분되었다. 4개의 군집은 '기업가형', '소규모창업형', '전원형', '영농승계형' 이다.