• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.117-128
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• 2018

The central of Ulsan was formed and has been developed in alluvial plains the Riverfront of Taehwa River and Dongcheon River Fortresses including Gyebyeonseong of the late Silla, Chisoseong of the Goryeo, Ulsan Gyeonsangjwabyeongyeongseong, Ulsaneupseong, Ulsanwaeseong and Yeompoyeongseong as well as Gugangseowon and Old Ulsanhyanggyo and other facilities well display such fact. In the southern areas of Taehwa River, Byeokpajeong of Samsan, Buddhist temples and pavilion architectures used to be located. In its upstream areas, Eonyangeupseong, Eonyanghyanggo, Banguseowon and Daegokcheon Petroglyph exist as well. As such, the Riverfront of Taehwa River are a central space where the civilization of Ulsan has grown and developed, and are regarded as a core scenic asset of Ulsan. However, the look and nature of Taehwa River changed significantly due to Ulsan irrigation project and the construction of modern bridges such as Ulsangyo and Ulsan railway bridge during the period of Japanese occupation. The old look of the area started to be ruined by water contaminations and developments of waterfront lands that resulted from the development of Ulsan Industrial Center in 1962. The water quality of Taehwa River has been improved as a result of allotting a huge budget and administrative powers before and after 1997, the year when Ulsan was elevated to a metropolitan city. However, the surrounding views around Taehwa River changed greatly due to various urban development projects including apartment complex constructions. This is because the development of the Riverfront started from a land utilization project, in which the construction of apartment complexes was included in the initial phase; as a result, the areas were changed to be private scenic assets for those apartments. Aware of such issue, this study aims to identify major scenic elements that were present in the period before such developments in the river's surrounding areas from literature and geography materials; and to reveal how various urban development projects that have been performed from the period of Japanese occupation have changed the scenic elements of Riverfront of Taehwa River. The purpose of this study is to identify qualitative and quantitative changes in scenic elements of the Riverfront of Taehwa River as well as the characteristics of the resulting changes in the surrounding scenery.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.14-23
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• 2008

Ran Gang is a huge, attractive river which meanders through Seoul, the capital of South Korea. However, during the modernization of Seoul, the river gradually lost its natural beauty and healthy condition. Han Gang Renaissance is a project to upgrade the look of the Seoul waterfront, by overcoming this disaster and reorganizing the surroundings of Han Gang. This research articulates the design strategies and description of the prizewinning work of the International Design Competition for Yeouido Riverside Park that was linked to the Han Gang Renaissance Project. There are three key points that basically speak to the identity of the new waterfront, Yeouido Riverside Park. First, the current day Yeouido was recreated as an artificial island through the rapid expansion of the city and the initiation of the shore protection works. However, because it is the only island still remaining that shows the history of Han Gang, the park was designed to be the place which preserves the lyric of sand island and the emotional memory of riverside. Secondly, among the six districts of the Han Gang Renaissance Project, the two districts that are facing each other, Yongsan and Yeouido, are the central areas promoting international finance and business. Despite Yongsan's complete urban image, the exquisite harmony of pastoral scenes and skyscrapers of the Yeouido waterfront is presented to develop an active mutual relation with Yongsan. Lastly, this design scheme re-establishes the relationship between this competition's site, Yeouido Riverside Park, and a neighboring site, Yeouido Park.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.55-75
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to present the basic data for restoration of physical stream environment by analyzing habitat variables because habitat environment is changed due to the construction of waterfront space in urban streams. Assessment results of 10 habitat variables(three divisions) were almost same as optimal condition, in the reach of reference stream where there are no stream crossing structures and channel alteration. Assessment results of reaches in urban rivers, where streams were improved on water-friendly recreation activities, appeared to be marginal condition. Because habitat environment got worse due to stream improvement works such as construction of weir for water landscape, stepping stones for walking, low water revetment and high water revetment, and high water channel. In addition, in the case of mid gradient stream, the frequency of riffles was small or not existed because the intervals of the river crossing structures was short. In the case of mild stream types, the diversity of the pool was damaged due to the deposition of sludge in the upstream pool of weir and the installation of low water revetment.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.187-193
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• 2020

The increase in the area of impervious water due to the recent abnormal weather conditions and rapid urbanization led to a decrease in the amount of low current, resulting in an increase in the amount of surface runoff. Increased surface runoff is causing erosion, destruction of underwater ecosystems, human and property damage in urban areas due to flooding of urban river. The damage has been increasing in Korea recently due to localized heavy rains, typhoons and floods. As a countermeasure, the Busan Metropolitan Government will proceed with the creation of the Eco-Delta City waterfront zone in Busan with the aim of creating a future-oriented waterfront city from 2012 to 2023. Therefore, the current urban river conditions and precipitation data were collected by utilizing SWMM developed by the Environment Protection Agency, and the target basin was selected to simulate flood damage. Measures to reduce flood damage in various cases were proposed using simulated data. It is a method to establish a disaster prevention plan for each case by establishing scenario for measures to reduce flood damage. Considering structural and non-structural measures by performing an analysis of the drainage door with a 30-year frequency of 80 minutes duration, the expansion effect of the drainage pump station is considered to be greater than that of the expansion of the drainage door, and 8 scenarios and corresponding alternatives were planned in combination with the pre-excluding method, which is a non-structural disaster prevention measure. As a result of the evaluation of each alternative, it was determined that 100㎥/s of the pump station expansion and the pre-excluding EL.(-)1.5m were the best alternatives.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.133-143
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of urban heat island considering urban space at nighttime. We used to analyze landuse and landcover data of 1:1,000 scale, DTM, and surface temperature extracted ASTER image satellite of nighttime. According to the analytical results, heat intensity in single-family residential is higher than that in industrial area, public facility area, and commercial area because the anthropogenic heat by energy consumption is released. Likewise, the temperature difference were big in the buildings of industrial area depending on operating hours. Meanwhile, green and river area had cooling impacts mitigating the urban heat island. Therefore, we have to mitigate heat intensity through constructing green space and waterfront area. As mentioned above, we think that the results of this study will be used as base data for effective spatial planning when formulating development planning to mitigate urban heat island at nighttime.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.119-131
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• 2001

This study uses HEC-RAS for the quantitative aspects and the QUAL2E model for the qualitative aspects of the flow of urban streams, where the natural recovery system is applied. The instream flow of the small streams is estimated using the numerical model by verifying the existing data with the acquired data. The characteristics of the model reach place more weight on the drought discharge around the ordinary discharge, and this is caused by the natural recovery system that maintains the existing bank. The data of direct discharge to the sewage treatment plant through the inception pipe, BOD, DO, temperature, and so forth, are the official data from the department of environment. Considering the characteristics of small streams, the factors for the QUAL2E model are estimated with the focus on the hydraulic conditions and the stream view. This study proposes the future improvements for the natural recovery system by investigating the practical use of the waterfront and the application of the proper instream flow. Also, the hydraulic and hydrological investigation of the covering rate by the natural vegetation and the meandering by the varying river way is performed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.323-334
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• 2021

Pilot-scale coagulation and sedimentation processes were operated to investigate the T-P (Total phosphorus) removal efficiency. A multiple regression model was also derived to predict the water quality improvement effect with river water characteristics. The inflow rates for the pilot-scale facility were 157-576 m³/day, and the coagulant doses were in the range of 13.7-58.5 mg/L (average 38.9 mg/L) for PAC (Poly alum chloride) and 16.5-62.1 mg/L (average 36.0 mg/L) for alum. The results found that the influent BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand) and T-P concentrations were 4.9 mg/L and 0.115 mg/L, and the removal efficiencies were 52.7% and 59.4%, respectively. T-P removal efficiencies on wet weather days were higher by 10% than dry weather days because influent solids influenced T-P's coagulation process. The pH of river water was 6.9-7.8, and the average pH was 7.3. Although the pH variation was not significant, the trend showed that the treatment efficiency of T-P and PO₄-P removal increased. Thus, the pH range considered in this study seems to be appropriate for the coagulation process, which is essential for phosphorous removal. The T-P removal efficiencies were 19.6-93.3% (average 59.2%) for PAC and 16.4-98.5%(average 55.9%) for alum; thus, both coagulants showed similar results. Furthermore, the average coagulant doses were similar at 42.4 mg/L for PAC and 41.3 mg/L for alum. When the T-P concentration of the effluent was compared by the [Al]/[P] ratio, the phosphorus concentration of the treated water decreased with an increasing [Al]/[P] ratio, and the lowest T-P concentration range appeared at the [Al]/[P] ratio of 10-30. A seasonal multiple regression analysis equations were derived from the relationships between 10 independent and dependent variables (T-P concentration of effluent). This study could help lake water quality maintenance, reduce eutrophication, and improve direction settings for urban planning, especially plans related to developing waterfront cities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 2024

The present study was conducted to assess the adequacy of landscaping plants in city streams by investigating the species and growth status of landscaping plants, taking Godeokcheon in Seoul Metropolitan City as an example. The stream structure related to the planting ground and the impact of flood damage were analyzed. The adequacy of the planting species was analyzed based on the native species and moist land-inhabiting plants presented in the preceding study results. The adequacy, depending on the planting location and planting form, was analyzed using the growth states of adaptive and nonadaptive species by river topography. The planting location of those along the waterfront was the best, followed by the plants on waterside hills and embankment slopes. It is thought that the adaptability of dryland-inhabiting plants increased as the soil dried due to the impervious pavement of surrounding bikeways and trails. The species adequate for embankment slopes are thought to be native species and dryland-inhabiting plants. It is thought that, for waterside hills, the planting rate of wetland-inhabiting plants should be increased, and for waterfronts, the planting rate of dryland-inhabiting plants should be decreased. As for the planting form, the growth state was the best when mixed species were planted and the worst when other plants appeared. For city streams, the planting rates of native species and wetland-inhabiting plants should be increased, and adequate plant species for each location should be selected.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2024

The Gyeongin Ara Waterway is a regional development project designed to transport cargo by sea and to utilize the surrounding waterfront area to enjoy tourism and leisure. It is being used as a space for demonstration projects for urban air transportation (UAM), which has recently been attracting attention, and various efforts are being made at the local level to strengthen cultural and tourism functions and revitalize local food. This study examined the perception and trends of tourism consumers on the Gyeongin Ara Waterway before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. The research method utilized semantic network analysis based on social network analysis. As a result of the study, first, before the outbreak of COVID-19, key words such as bicycle, Han River, riding, Gimpo, Seoul, hotel, cruise ship, Korea Water Resources Corporation, emotion, West Sea, weekend, and travel showed a high frequency of appearance. After the outbreak of COVID-19, keywords such as cafe, discovery, women, Gimpo, restaurant, bakery, observatory, La Mer, and cruise ship showed a high frequency of appearance. Second, the results of the degree centrality analysis showed that before the outbreak of COVID-19, there was increased interest in accommodations for tourism, such as Marina Bay and hotels. After the outbreak of COVID-19, interest in food such as specific bakeries and cafes such as La Mer was found to be high. Third, due to the CONCOR analysis, five keyword clusters were formed before the outbreak of COVID-19, and the number of keyword clusters increased to eight after the outbreak of COVID-19.