• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.201-209
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• 2014

Transit Oriented Development(TOD) has been the dominant paradigm for urban development. The traditional approach to the development of urban rail station areas demonstrates apparent weaknesses when it comes to compact and mixed-use types of development for these stations. Thus, the objective of this study is to derive evaluation indicators with which to assess urban rail station areas using TOD planning elements. A focus group interview was conducted to explore TOD planning elements. In order to examine the level of TOD to be achieved, an AHP technique was utilized to analyze the importance of several variables. Z-scores and Re-scores were applied to derive the values for the stations. The Variables related to the land use type, mixed use, floor area, and public transit were found to be the major contributing factors to the achievement of TOD in urban rail station areas. The results of this study show that the level of TOD achievement varies according to the major land use, density, accessibility, and mixed-use planning elements.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.877-886
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• 2019

The size of the subway entrance should be calculated according to the user's demand, but Korea has the same size for each entrance by applying a uniform value. Recently, the installation of mobile convenience facilities such as escalators, elevators, etc. is mandated by the traffic weakness promotion law, but it is inconvenient to use the existing stations because it is mainly arranged in the place where it can be installed regardless of user demand. This study aims to establish a model for estimating the size of mobile convenience facilities by predicting the use demand of each station entrance so that the location and size of mobile facilities can be reflected in the design or construction of the station. To this end, a multiple regression model was established to forecast daily demand by utilizing the demand for getting on and off by station and the building association area for each purpose around the railway station. The actual data of Dongdaemun and Jonggak Stations were used to verify the estimated model. In addition, the escalator installation scale was compared / analyzed by doorway using domestic and overseas escalator equations. As a result, it was more accurate to estimate the usage demand for a single station. Also, Jonggak Station has an up and down escalator installed at exit 1, but it was analyzed that it is appropriate to install at exit 4. This study is an advanced form of the essay model for estimating the users of the entrance and exit users of urban railway stations published in 2018. In addition, it seems to be the basis of the current escalator installation criteria.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.300-305
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• 2012

The saving of time, which is defined as the demand from passengers and the supply from the urban railway, must be balanced. The selected factors influencing on the balance are the traffic, customer contact facilities, the number of failures, customer complaints(VOC), passenger moving time and transfer stations. Also, the overall ratio of SMRT's 4 lines is generated by differentiating the rate of each attribute in each factor. This is not only to differentiate the stations with peculiar factors but also to standardize criteria of the personalized services. Furthermore, as part of standardization, standard drawings of facility management are prepared for the improvement on the management of human resource and material. The drawings include passenger moving lines, location of safety incidents and also indicate the rating of the factors in each station and overall evaluation rating. In conclusion, this thesis aims to improve customer satisfaction constantly by reducing passenger moving time, through the differentiated management of each station.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.794-801
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• 2010

Recently the Korean Government is increasing investment and interest on railway in the transportation field as "low carbon and green growth" policy become main national development strategy. While railway competitiveness is weakening over the road from the inconvenient door-to-door and transfer system of railway, it is meaningful to review excellent railway transfer system of advanced countries and adapt their implications for Korea. Their transfer systems like Japan, Hongkong, France, U.K. and German can be categorized in this research as kinds of transfer & connectivity system and transfer facility & flow planning, and, as a result, their implications can be concluded. Also, analyzing transfer system of Korea's main stations and reviewing the difference between Korea and other countries, this paper suggests main principles and directions of urban planning, alignment of rail line, partnership of project stakeholder in the establishment of transfer system in the railway station in the future.

• Journal of The Korean Society For Urban Railway
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.373-381
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• 2018

The floating population that is index to figure out dynamic activities in urban area will be important in urban railway planning, but it is not useful because it is collected by posterior method. This study aims to investigate factors influencing floating population. The floating population data that was collected in Seoul for a month in December 2013 is used as dependent variable, and the negative binomial regression analysis is used in modelling. The number of households, number of employees, number of subway stations, and number of bus lines variables are statistically significant in predicting floating population.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.356-362
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• 2011

Usually urban railways are built under ground thus the necessary condition of urban railroad, a linear-shaped track, causes a difficulty in enhancement of speed limits of urban rail. Also the underground construction of city railroad produces speed limit values reduced according to a speed code array, in case of speed decision according to the conventional block section division, thus onventionally it could not but apply speed limit values lower than actual safety speeds. In this study, The above two facts induced the author to study on a method to enhance speed limit values for CBTC within existing urban railroad sectors. Since it is possible to exchange data continuously and to control speeds in case of railroads based on CBTC, the author applied result values of speed limits, which were gained based on a railroad condition, a linear track, to the CBTC system without correction of the result values and then the author compared and analyzed, through simulation, the running times and the efficiencies of running energies between railway stations, between the existing fixed-block system and the CBTC system. As a result simulation, the improvement of speed and the deceleration distance of reduction confirmed that it was effective to reduce the time to travel between stations. A fixed block the set of constraints on the speed limit, he way the operation is optimized based CBTC speed limit by suggesting ways to reset the scheduled speed measures to improve were extracted.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.29-44
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• 2008

This paper analyses the railroad trunk line constructed in the Korea since the end of the 19th century. The analysis consists of the following problematics. 1) The process of the decision of the railroad route 2) The relationship of the location of Eupchi and the stations By clarifying the above, the purpose of this paper is to clarify how the morphology of the city in Korea has been affected by the change in the relationship with Korea and Japan. The Empire of Japan has been reconnoitering the Korea since way before the formal contract for the railroad construction was signed. Therefore, the Empire of Japan had a very good understanding of the actual transportation system when it started the construction of the railroad. The railroad construction was used by the Empire of Japan to empower the control over the Korea. For this reason, the new railroad system was constructed as a different system from the former transportation system and the urban system was also affected. Also the relationship of the western powers and Japan around the turn of the 20th century defined the characteristic of the railway system as a pathway through the Korean peninsular to link Japan to the continent. Moreover, being apprehensive about the friction with the western, Japan located the railway stations to avoid the missionary land properties. This made it clear that the restraint relationship between Japan and the western affected the urban special structure.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.93-99
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• 2008

The SeoulMerto, operating subway line No.$1{\sim}4$, was constructed in the metropolitan Seoul with the highest population. When it was built, the design was challenged to sharp curved tracks considering the protection of buildings, cultural assets, the connection to ground roads and rivers as well as to elevated railway in some parts. Lots of residential apartments and business complex have gradually increased in the area around subway stations and railway lines according to the urban development. Consequently, Requirements of better quality of life and comfortable environment caused the citizen complain for the noise. It has become one of serious social issues. In this paper, Noise level was analyzed using noise map measured in the running train of all routes. The analysis on the noise level was conducted according to railway type, track components type, seasonal type, retirement degree of the vehicle and subway station. Especially, Noise characteristics were analyzed by noise level data measured in the inside and outside of the train with geometry types of the concrete track. This study will contribute fundamental data for the "The Development of Sound-Absorbing Block on Concrete Track" promoted on The National R&D Project.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.991-999
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• 2018

In urban areas, the proportion of railway traffic in public transport is increasing. The congestion situation is repeated as the passengers concentrate on station and transfer facilities and the inconvenience of the passengers is increasing in terms of safety and convenience. Therefore, the importance of estimating the appropriate area of the station has been emphasized. The area estimation formula used in the metropolitan railway stations currently is a partial modification of the area estimation formula of Japan in the 1970s. It does not reflect changes in the social and cultural environment and patterns of passengers. The technical basis for major decision variables is insufficient. Therefore, the theoretical basis of the area estimation formula and the pedestrian environment satisfaction of the design guideline of metropolitan railway stations were analyzed in order to suggest improvement formula. The improved area estimation formula was verified by conducting field surveys on 5 stations of metropolitan railways and 15 stations of urban railways. The existing area estimation formula is LOS E grade for the main space. However, the LOS D grade is implemented when the improved area estimation formula is applied. Based on the results, the design factors for the area estimation formula are suggested.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.729-733
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• 2007

Urban transit is a large scale complex system which combines rolling stocks, power supply, signal communications, tracks & stations. Therefore standardization is very important because it is difficult to find causes when failures or accidents occur. The standardization of urban transit increases safety and economical efficiency, and also gives passengers convenient and comfortable feeling. We, Korea Railroad Research Institute(KRRI), had finished the 1st phase study of urban transit standardization from '95 to '06. And 2nd phase study on rolling stock, information & communication, subway station has been performed from July '07. In this paper, we introduce what we study on urban transits standardization during coming 5 years. We expect our study will contribute to increase the efficiency of urban transit.