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A Comparative Analysis of TOD Planning Elements of Major Urban Railway Station Areas in Seoul

환승역세권 평가를 통한 TOD 계획 요소의 비교분석

  • Received : 2013.09.24
  • Accepted : 2014.04.18
  • Published : 2014.06.30

Abstract

Transit Oriented Development(TOD) has been the dominant paradigm for urban development. The traditional approach to the development of urban rail station areas demonstrates apparent weaknesses when it comes to compact and mixed-use types of development for these stations. Thus, the objective of this study is to derive evaluation indicators with which to assess urban rail station areas using TOD planning elements. A focus group interview was conducted to explore TOD planning elements. In order to examine the level of TOD to be achieved, an AHP technique was utilized to analyze the importance of several variables. Z-scores and Re-scores were applied to derive the values for the stations. The Variables related to the land use type, mixed use, floor area, and public transit were found to be the major contributing factors to the achievement of TOD in urban rail station areas. The results of this study show that the level of TOD achievement varies according to the major land use, density, accessibility, and mixed-use planning elements.

세계도시의 철도역들은 새로운 역사개발 및 기존역사 재생에 있어서 대중교통지향형개발(TOD) 패러다임에 의한 개발을 실시해 오고 있다. TOD는 대중교통결절점을 중심으로 고밀화, 복합적 토지이용, 보행친화적 환경조성, 다양한 대중교통수단 연계 등을 융합한 도시개발이라 할 수 있다. 국내의 연구에서는 TOD 개발에 있어 정책적, 방향성 제시를 위한 많은 연구가 진행되었다. 방법론적으로는 TOD 계획요소에 대한 대중교통이용률, 토지이용의 효율화, 지하철이용자수요와의 실증분석 등의 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 그러나 TOD의 주요 계획요소에 대한 미약한 현황분석은 TOD의 실질적인 정책적, 제도적 지원을 창출할 수 있는 근거를 마련하지 못하는 실정이며, 역세권의 문제점을 파악하는데 다양한 관점에서 고려되지 못하는 한계점을 지니고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 선행연구와 FGI를 통해 TOD 계획요소를 도출하며, 역세권 반경 500m를 기준으로 분석한 자료의 표준화(Re-Score)값과 AHP 분석을 통해 산출된 계획요소에 대한 중요도를 곱하여 평가점수를 도출한다. 분석결과 TOD 계획요소의 중요도는 접근특성, 대중교통특성, 토지이용특성, 인구특성 순으로 나타났고, 서울시 32개 주요 환승역세권은 잠실역, 사당역, 교대역 등이 TOD 평가점수가 높은 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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