• Journal of Climate Change Research
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.279-290
• /
• 2013

This study aims to suggest the direction of urban planning for coping with climate change focusing on urban metabolism. The study consists of two main parts: literature review and case study. The cases are selected for mixed-use housing estate in Europe, which established the plans for energy saving and efficient use of resources and waste. The case study was carried out in accordance with the framework, which had four aspects that are 'to minimize energy input,' 'to use renewable energy sources,' 'to recycle waste,' and 'to reuse natural resources.' As a result, in all the cases, analysis showed that the circular metabolism system was built for energy, waste and water resources and that the plan satisfying all the aspects of the framework was established. Moreover, main planning elements are different reflecting resource conditions for each case. In conclusion, in order to achieve urban metabolism, it will be necessary to analyze various conditions including the surrounding environment of the region and to introduce planning elements that can maximize the regional potential.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.6 no.6
• /
• pp.56-71
• /
• 2003

Waste landfills have been the center of environmental problems and they must be restored due to environmental pollution, disgusting landscape, and cost of management. It is suggested that they be recycled urban space as cities expand. Specially, nonsanitary waste landfills which have no pollution prevention facilities cause serious problems. Restoring the landfills as parks and golf courses, so on makes more benefits because of cheap use land, closeness to urban area, flat topography applicable to parks and golf courses, and high land values after restoration and the changes to local recreation sites. Restoration of waste landfills is a complex, costly, and interdisciplinary work. But, the waste landfill is a manmade ecosystem. Control, restoration and postmanagement of waste landfills are very important problems. The role of vegetation prevents soil erosion, reduces soil water storage, and obstructs leachate seepage. Early restoration makes derelict lands into man park artificially geared to soil, vegetation, landforms and hydrology. But, Ideal restoration is to make stable ecosystem nature-friendly and compatible with surrounding landscape without more management. Landscape is structured hierarchically with patches and stands as small components and forms forest as large components. Therefore, landscape formation of the waste landfills needs much restoration process. There are many ecological restoration techniques for the waste landfills. Those are divided into artificial and natural methods. The artificial method is anthropogenic plantings while the natural method is to trigger and use succession processes. The most important thing in the restoration of waste landfills is to consider the final restoration objectives of each waste landfill. According to these objectives, the depth of covering layer, planting degree, and structural design should be determined. The effective restoration methods should be selected of artificial and natural options.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.113-122
• /
• 1997

This study analyzes behavior characteristics of illegal urban stall keepers scattered in the metropolitan area and their effects to urban life. The main findings of this study are follows. First, the stall keepers are different in terms of 1) items 2) opening hour and 3) user characteristics depending on locational environment of market boundaries. Second, the stall keepers exit in any time and any place if demand exists. Third, the effects of stall keepers to urban life are twofold ; they facilitate urban life by providing cheap and various commodities/services and they bring about negative effects such as obstacle to traffic flows, waste generation, and so on.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.129-154
• /
• 2008

As a practical means to upgrade urban sustainability, this paper focuses on resource cyclical systems concerned with the waste of electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) in Korea. Borrowing System Dynamics concepts and approaches, it examines behavioral changes of WEEE dynamics to observe whether the existing management methods can be readjusted. The measurement is based upon both reuse and material and thermal recycle simulation works in the individual stage of WEEE discharge, collection, and treatment, going beyond the traditional recycle-only customs. This research estimates that the newly introduced Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) system would definitely exert a significant impact on the final stage of WEEE treatment, decreasing the final treatment volume in the first half of the research period. The trend, nonetheless, would be reversed in the second half, mainly owing to the additional waste volume originated from the local government and recycling center. Sensitivity analysis poses, among others, that the local government-supported reuse center should take charge of a pivotal role in the long run. The research also shows that sufficientand necessary conditions for the WEEE management and treatment should be given to the combined efforts, both from the private sectors and the public domains. Based on these research findings, the paper recommends that key stakeholders including the producer and the public organizations should devise how to jointly carry out specific agenda centered around partnership or network buildings.

• Journal of Urban Science
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.29-35
• /
• 2022

Waste to Energy Plant were recognized as hateful facilities, and there were many conflicts in the location due to social problems such as the NIMBY phenomenon due to problems such as damage to property in the surrounding area, odor, and image loss. Problems such as air pollution and odor are solved by the development of advanced prevention facilities such as electric dust collectors, wet cleaning systems, semi-dry reaction towers, bag filters, and catalyst towers (SCR: Selective Catalytic Reduction), and air recycling facilities in waste storage tanks. However, it is being avoided because of the perception that it is an incinerator. To resolve these conflicts, the government installs and operates resident convenience facilities to compensate residents near resource recovery facilities, provides green space and improves the environment, and supports heating expenses in accordance with the 「Waste Treatment Facility Support Act」. The purpose of this study is to derive implications through the analysis of domestic and overseas case studies for resident convenience facilities and environment improvement for the promotion of local communities in resource recovery facilities and use them as basic data for community promotion and environmental improvement when installing resource recovery facilities in the future.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.559-564
• /
• 2024

Since the era of industrial revolution, the waste volume has continued to grow; waste management has thus become one of the major global environmental challenges facing humanities today. Waste treatment and management issues trigger NIMBY movements, and disputes among states, governments, and social actors over the issues have been accelrating. At the level of states and sub-states, various measures including institutions, laws, regulations, market-oriented methods, consensus and collaborative governance have been introduced to address various problems associated with waste. More recently, science and technology has been applied to the waste treatment and management under the notion of circular economy. However, societal support for addressing waste problems still remains inadequate, calling for new approaches and alternative pathways. In this context, this study examines two cases of urban incineration plants designed by Hudertwasser, Austria-born artist and architect: Spittelau, Austria, and Osaka, Japan. Through these case studies, I demonstrate how creative and innovative culture-technology convergence can shed new light on challenging environmental issues such as an urban waste problem.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.69-79
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study is to suggest the design parameters, which are applied to the solid waste treatment and management systems in rural area. In order to drive out the parameters, the solid waste production and management systems in rural and urban areas had been surveyed and analyzed, respectively. The comparisons of the analyzed results are also introduced in the paper. The rural areas referred to the survey are grouped in accordance with the industrial activities in those areas. The conclusions of the study are as follows: 1) The solid waste volumes produced per day per capita in rural area are less than those of urban area. For example, the average volume produced in rural area in 1995 is 0.85kg, which is two thirds of those in Seoul area. 2) for the treatment, the country has depended mainly on landfill. On the other hand, the incineration treatment ratio has been in creasing in rural area. 3) The physical and chemical properties of the rural solid waste, according to the analysis, are similar to those of the urban areas, which means the living pattern in those two areas have a little difference.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.3-18
• /
• 2011

In order to review the recycling status of urban mine resources in Korea, metal consumption, metal stock reserves and metal scraps and wastes such as iron scrap, end of life vehicles(ELV), E-waste were surveyed. In making up the list of the metal consumption, the statistical data from the Korea Non-Ferrous Association, the Korea Iron and Steel Association, the HS code of Korea Custom Service, the symposium and the related companies were collected. Finally, "Principle uses and recycling potential of metals in the periodic table" by T.E.Graedel was introduced. This paper suggested the key point for development of urban mine resources.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.235-248
• /
• 2014

Population increase and economic developments can lead to construction as well as demolition of infrastructures such as buildings, bridges, roads, etc resulting in used concrete as a primary waste product. Recycling of waste concrete to obtain the recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for base and/or sub-base materials in road construction is a foremost application to be promoted to gain economical and sustainability benefits. As the mortar, bricks, glass and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) present as constituents in RCA, it exhibits inconsistent properties and performance. In this study, six different types of RCA samples were subjected classification tests such as particle size distribution, plasticity, compaction test, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests. Results were compared with those of the standard road materials used in Queensland, Australia. It was found that material type 'RM1-100/RM3-0' and 'RM1-80/RM3-20' samples are in the margin of the minimum required specifications of base materials used for high volume unbound granular roads while others are lower than that the minimum requirement.

• Journal of Urban Science
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.69-73
• /
• 2020

Sudokwon landfill("Sudokwon" means regions of Seoul, Kyunggi and Incheon metropolitan cities in Korea), the world's largest sanitary landfill, has been systematically managing statistics on the incoming and dumping wastes and satisfactorily controlling pollutants including leachate and LFG. According to our long time experience of LFG field monitoring, the emission of GHG from landfill estimated by the IPCC Guideline showed much difference with our results. C&D waste has high concentration of sulfate compared to other wastes. Increased C&D waste of dumping waste had changed the COD/sulfate ratio in the landfill, which caused the increase of H₂S gas and the decrease of CH₄ gas. But the IPCC estimation method does not consider the effects of sulfate. In addition to that, the oxidation factor of the cover soil is set to the default values of 0.1 but the measured values by the field monitoring, are showing much higher than that, especially in the closed landfill.