• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the indiscriminate development occuring as a result of high-density land use per lot in residential areas of Seoul, which mainly consist of detached houses. The primary goals of this study were: (1) to suggest a block unit development method as an alternative architectural method of the current uniform development, in which high-rise and high-density apartments are usually built; and (2) to check the feasibility of the suggested method. Based on the analyses of the existing block composition types of residential areas, the prerequisite planning indices for applying a collective housing model were investigated. Subsequent to applying a collective housing type within each unit block, the collective housing model was analyzed. The results of the analyses showed that indiscriminate development was rampant in detached urban houses areas, and more than 70% of the buildings constructed before the 1980s needed re-development. The feasibility of the models was investigated depending on the models of low-rise and high-density collective housing, which utilize various block arrangements such as the court type, linear type, villa type, and composite type. The results of this study showed that the newly applied low-rise and highdensity multiple dwelling housing model in urban individual residential area significantly contributed to creating a good living environment in terms of both physical and psychological aspects.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.149-164
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to identify the types of social networks of urban housewives according to different network composition patterns and to analyze the structural and functional characteristics of identified types. The data used in this study were collected from 589 full-time housewives residing in Taejeon city. The major findings are as follows: 1) The social networks of housewives in urban nuclear families were classified into eight types: the kin network, the non-kin network, the kin-centered network, the friend-centered network, the neighbor-centered network, the associate-centered network, the parallel network, and the decentralized network. 2) The structual characteristics (size, density, homogeneity, duration, proximity, frequency, closeness, direction) varied according to the type. The kin network type and the non-kin network type showed extreme degrees in network characteristics. The parallel network type and the decentralized network type showed an average level of network characteristics. The kin-, friend-, neighbor-, and the associate-centered types showed network characteristics of an intermediate level between the single-category types and the decentralized type. 3) The average levels of function of social network types were different in only two(service support, interference) of the six function areas(emotional support, service support, material support, information support, social companionship support, interference). The average level of service support by the non-kin network type was higher than other types. The average level of interference by the kin-centered network type was higher than other types, and that of the neighbor-centered network type was lower than other types. On the other hand, the total amount of function performance of social network types was different in all function areas. The total amount of social support given by the decentralized network type was greater than the other types. The total amount of interference given by the non-kin network type was smaller than the other types.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.137-151
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• 2021

활성화된 골목형 도시상업가로는 사람들이 선호하는 장소로서 최근 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 골목형 도시상업가로 조성을 위한 계획 및 설계방법에 있어서의 시사점을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 부산시의 대표적인 활성화된 골목형 도시상업가로인 '전리단길'과 '망미단길'을 사례대상지로 선정하여 이론적 고찰과 사례분석을 통하여 사례대상지 개요, 가로공간구성, 건축물 용도, 가로경관, 가로시설물에 대하여 가로공간특성을 살펴보았다. 본 연구를 통하여 도출된 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 보행공간 및 환경을 개선하기 위한 가로환경의 조성이 필요하다. 둘째, 기존에 입지한 주요용도와 새로 도입된 용도간의 상생이 필요하다. 셋째, 적응적 재사용 등을 통한 가로의 정체성 유지가 필요하다. 넷째, 민간에 의한 자생적 형성과 공공에 의한 계획적 조성의 협력이 필요하다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.91-103
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to compare the satisfaction of the urban parks and to classify and assess the environmentally-friendly behaviors in the urban parks. For this purpose, the park user's behaviors and satisfactions were surveyed in 10 parks in Seoul and its suburb area. Parks are divided into 2 types, the walking-distance parks and the metropolitan parks, by time to reach, visit frequency and visit purpose. The park users are generally satisfied with the facilities, but not satisfied with some specific items, such as cultural facilities, accommodations for the handicapped, safety facilities and sports facilities. The environmentally-friendly behaviors are positively assessed in general, but the behavior of the natural experience was negatively assessed. The environmentally-friendly behaviors in the urban parks are classified into 2 factors; the experience factor and the activity factor. The parks are categorized into 3 types by these factors. For type I parks, the experience factor is dominant, but the activity factor is relatively low. For type II parks, the both factors are low and the parks are necessary to improve. And type III parks are positively assessed in the aspect of the environmentally-friendly behaviors, even though some park are necessary to complement.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.288-296
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• 2015

In many very high density cities in Asia in which there is limited area to expand, growth is forced upward as well as outward. Densely packed detached houses and low-rise buildings are replaced by lower density high-rises, leaving open spaces between high-rise buildings. Through this process, areas that formerly did not have much green space gain valuable green spaces, and new ecological corridors and patches are created. In this study, the demographic and housing-type changes of Wonju City were delineated using land use maps, aerial images, census data, and other administrative data. Green area changes were calculated using land cover data derived from multi-year Landsat TM satellite imagery. The values were then compared against demographic and housing-type changes for each administrative unit. The overall results showed a decrease of forested area in the city and an increase of developed area. Urban sprawl was clearly visible in many of the suburban areas. However, as expected, we also detected areas in which greenness did not decrease when the population greatly increased. These areas were characterized by residential building complexes of ten or more stories. If an equal number of housing units had been built as detached houses, these areas would not have kept as much green space. Our research result showed that high-density and high-rise residential structures can offer an alternative means to protect or create urban green spaces in high-density urban environments.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.237-255
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to investigate relations of resources and demands, family financial management and financial statement of urban households by applying a system approach. The results of this study were as follows; Saving rate had significant differences according to resources variables such as age, family life cycle, occupation of househead and housewife, ratio of employed to family member, and to demands variabels such as subjective prospect of business cycle, and value orientation, whereas total saving amount had significant differences according to resources vaiables such as age, family life cycle, educational level, percapita income, occupation of househead, type of income and to demand variable, perception of relative income. Also average monthly saving amount had significant differences according to resources vaiables such as educational level, per capita income, occupation of housewife, housing ownership, ratio of employed to family member, ratio of dependent to employed, and to demands variable, perception of relative income. The stocks had significant differences according to resources variables such as age, family life cycle, educational level, per capita income, occupation of househead, type of income, and housing ownership. Finally, real estate had significant differences according to resources variables such as age, family life cycle, educational level, percapita income, occupation of househead, type of income, housing ownership, and to demands variable, perception of relative income. Financial Statement among urban households according to family financial management had significant differences. And among all variables affecting financial statement among urban households, per capita income had the highest effect and perception of relative income was the second.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.760-766
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• 2011

서울시 산림지역을 대상으로 한 한국산 박새류 4종(박새 Parus major minor, 쇠박새 P. palustris hellmayri, 진박새 P. ater amurensis, 곤줄박이 P. varius varius)의 출현위치와 현존식생유형을 비교하여 분석한 결과, 절대적으로 넓게 분포하고 있는 아까시나무림에서의 출현개체가 가장 많았다. 면적에 따른 출현개체의 증가를 보정하기 위해 서로 다른 식생유형이 동일면적으로 분포함을 가정하였을 때는 종별로 다소 차이가 있었으나 물오리나무림에서 가장 많은 개체가 출현한 것으로 조사되었으며 다음으로는 소나무림-상수리나무림-밤나무림의 순서이었다. 도시림에서의 박새류 출현은 숲의 자생성 보다는 다른 요인이 작용하는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2021

This paper conducted a survey of residents and public officials for the projects to make smart-city plans of Geumsan-gun. In introduction, several domestic and foreign cases related to smart-city projects were Investigated. To initiate the smart-city project of Geumsan-gun, the local status of Geumsan-gun was investigated regarding various aspects of natural, social, urban environment and smart-city facilities. The results of this survey are as follows: Overall, more than half of survey respondents said they had satisfaction of their housing quality. Several problems in their residence areas, such as insufficient welfare systems, shortage of parking spaces, industrial infrastructure, were reported. Meanwhile, the survey result indicated that tourism and leisure facilities, health care support systems, industries promote the economy and job market of the area. An interview with public official is also important to select the relevant meaningful projects and regional issues. Three models for each spatial unit were proposed in Geumsan-gun based on the natural, agricultural, and geographical environment. In result, the three smart-city models are categorized as urban type(large area), complex city type(medium area), and smart village type(small area)

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.551-561
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• 2019

This study was conducted to find out differences in the removal efficiency of particulate matter (PM) depending on the type of plants and the morphological characteristics of leaves. A total of 12 plants were used, with three plants selected for each type of leaves (big leaf, small leaf, compound leaf, needle leaf). We measured the removed amount of PM10 and PM2.5, the structure of the abaxial leaf surface, and the weight of the wax layer of each plant. Plants with the high removal efficiency of PM included Pachira aquatica Aubl., Ardisia crenata, and Dieffenbachia 'Marianne', and plants with the low removal efficiency included Nandina domestica Thunb, Schefflera arboricola, and Quercus dentata. The abaxial leaf surface having a high removal efficiency of PM had many large wrinkles, and the abaxial leaf surface having a medium removal efficiency was flat and smooth. On the other hand, there were many fine hairs on the abaxial leaf surface with a low removal efficiency. According to the plant leaf type, the PM10 removal efficiency of plants with needle leaves was about three times higher than that of other plants. In particular, the wax layer of conifers weighed 6-24 times higher than those of other plants. The stomata of conifers were evenly distributed on the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces; however, the stomata of Sciadopitys verticillata appeared in the form of papillae unlike general stomata. Therefore, the removal efficiency of PM varied depending on the macro-, and micro-morphological characteristics of plant leaves such as the structure of the abaxial leaf surface, and the weight of the wax layer. Based on this research, selecting plants that are effective in reducing PM in consideration of the plant type and leaf characteristics will improve indoor air quality and decrease exposure of PM to human body.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.1559-1569
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• 2013

본 연구는 지역적 범위에 따른 화물자동차의 통행발생 특성을 비교 분석함으로써 지역간 및 대도시 화물수요모형 추정의 차이점을 도출하고 지역적 범위에 적합한 화물수요모형 개발의 필요성을 제시하고자 하였다. 지역간 및 대도시 화물자동차의 통행발생 특성을 분석하기 위하여 화물자동차 속성, 출발지 특성, 도착지 특성, 적재품목을 고려한 서열로짓모형을 구축하였으며, 이를 통하여 다양한 특성이 화물자동차의 통행발생에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 분석하였다. 분석결과, 지역간 화물자동차와 대도시 화물자동차의 통행발생 특성은 화물자동차 속성, 출발지 특성, 도착지 특성, 적재품목에서 모두 서로 상이한 것으로 나타났다. 특히 지역간 화물자동차는 대도시와 달리 출발지 및 도착지 유형이 제조업이고, 출발지 및 도착지의 산업단지 생산액이 클수록 통행수가 많은 것으로 나타났다.