• 건축역사연구
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.19-31
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• 2024

Jinhae is the oldest Western-style radial and grid city on the Korean Peninsula, and it also has the most defined structure to date, remaining largely unchanged and unlike any other in Korea. The Jinhae town plan was completed immediately after the signing of the Japan-Korea Treaty. Although the city of Jinhae was built by the Japanese, its overall organizational principle is clearly a radial-grid form that was established in the West. The Jinhae radial-grid planning was elaborately constructed with multiple layers of overlapping structures. It is the result of the application of geometry that creates symmetry and hierarchy in European countries, and the simultaneous consideration of road hierarchy and land form in the process of combining radial and grid forms. To reveal these points, four analyses are performed. First, the formation process of Western radial and grid streets is reviewed and compared to derive review points for Jinhae City. Second, the layout and geometric characteristics of radial streets are discussed. Third, the hierarchical characteristics and connections of grid streets are analyzed. The last part is a comparative analysis of the plan and the final realization.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제41호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2003

This paper attempts to examine the historical changes, the characteristics and the role of free-standing wall from the viewpoint of architectural composition. After modern times the wall gets free of structure and the view of formative art changes, which become a basis of the conscious use of free-standing wall. It plays a role of getting territoriality and placeness, by defining the space at the external territory and it is used as apparatus which controls circulation and orientation externally At the same time it is used as an instrument to blur the border to make mutual intersection and plays a role of introducing and controling the environment. The free-standing wall controls the architectural form to emphasize plasticity and is used to define a geometrical frame and maintain the urban context. In view of the results so far achieved, the free-standing wall is used as general vocabulary of modulating the border of space and the architectural form since modern architecture.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2021

This study conducted a management system and business analysis related to urban and architecture in local small and medium cities. The current status of the management department of the master plans, which were established based on the laws related to the spatial environment and implemented projects based on them, was analyzed, and the problems were derived. The basic urban master plan of the local government is classified as a hierarchical higher plan than other plans established within the same city, but there was a problem in that the timing of each plan was different. As a problem, the contents of the sub-plan were not included in the upper plan, or the opposite phenomenon occurred. In addition, the management entity of the master plan and sub-projects was different. To solve this problem, it is necessary to form a consistent structure of systematic planning and management subjects. In addition, in the future planning stage, it is necessary to establish a master plan establishment system according to hierarchies. This study is meaningful in that it can be used to establish a master plan establishment system according to hierarchy in the future planning stage and to establish the same management entity as the master plan in the projects stage.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.89-97
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• 1997

Most of urban streams in Korea have been changed channel forms and suffered from direct inflow of domestic sewage, etc. Therefore, maintenance of structure and function of those ecosystem are hard. The present study was carried out to examine the life survival maintenance ability of the stream by community analysis of aquatic animals in typical urban stream (Jungrang stream) in Seoul. The aquatic animals were composed of 31 species, 18 families, 8 orders, 5 classes in 4 phyla. Seasonal species number showed big fluctuation between 8 species in Winter and 24 species in Autumn. Major dominant species in Jungrang stream were Tubificidae sp.1, Chironomidae sp.1, Chironomidae sp.2 and Physa acuta, and above endurance species for water pollution occupied very high dominance indices. But, Cercion hieroglyphicum, Ischnura asiatica, Rantra chinensis, Herochares striatus, Agabus japonicus in benthic macroinvertebrates of a few individuals are appeared. Also, fry of Carassius auratus and Silurus asotus in fish are occurred. Therefore, we can be inferred on posibility of growth and spawning of above species in the stream. Jungrang stream has a small quantity of natural riffle areas, ponds and watergrass areas by channel form of water course. Aquatic animals in Jungrang stream has been suffered by reduction of self-purification reaction ability and have mass production of attached algae on the stream bed. For analysis of fluctuation of life survival maintenance ability in Jungrang stream, long-term survey is needed.

• 농촌계획
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.61-75
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• 2010

Daily living area can be delimited differently depending on what area is to be focused. Based on regional interaction, the present study empirically analyzed the difference between living areas focusing on rural area and ones relying on urban area. We established two types of living areas in Busan-Ulsan mega city with different focus areas (rural versus urban), using travel OD data (2006). According to the result, the fonn of spatial clusters in urban living area differed from that of spatial clusters in rural area; the boundaries of living area were not fit to those of administrative areas in both types; and living areas in both types tended to extend over more than two administrative areas. The results cast some implications concerning spatial planning and policy for living area delimitation. First, since the spatial structure and interconnection of urban area differs to those of rural area, it is required to delimit living areas discriminatively depending on the objectives of the spatial plan. Additionally, the living area should be established more specifically and systematically by further subdividing the form of spaces depending on the objectives and types of the plan. Second, the administrative areas should be consolidated now that the difference of boundaries of administrative and living areas lead to inconvenience of residents, increased administration costs and scale diseconomy. Lastly, the living areas should be delimited by the metropolitan or mega city planning and thus be reflected to its offsprings.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.175-185
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• 2005

과거 우리는 경제성장을 위해 집약적으로 도시를 개발해 왔고 이러한 개발정책이 자연생태계에 부정적인 영향을 미쳐왔던 것은 간과할 수 없는 사실이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 부정적인 영향의 평가를 위해 대구광역도시권을 대상으로 GIS 기법과 경관지수를 이용하여 도시성장에 따른 토지이용과 경관을 구성하는 요소들 상호간의 시 공간적 패턴을 분석하였다. 분석결과 주변지역으로 도시기능의 전이에 따라 도시는 $193.4km^2$가 확산되었으며, 산림은 다른 토지피복패턴으로 $455.6km^2$가 잠식된 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 변화의 과정에서 가장 큰 비중을 차지한 것은 상대적으로 개발여건이 양호한 농경지의 변화임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 산림은 구조적으로 파편화되고 형태는 복잡해졌을 뿐만 아니라 인접패치의 패턴도 다양해진 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 변화는 산림에 대한 외부간섭 또한 증대시켰을 것으로 생각되며, 아울러 생물종의 서식처가 되는 핵심지역을 감소시켜, 그 건전성을 저하시킬 가능성이 있는 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 연구결과는 향후 더욱 광역화되어지는 도시의 개발이 주위 환경구조에 미치는 영향과 상호관계성을 평가하고, 경관생태학적 원리를 고려한 광역도시계획수립의 기초자료로 활용 가능할 것이다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.144-152
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• 2014

This study evaluated how folly is experimented in the contemporary architecture after 30 years when Bernard Tchumi first introduced it to the public by the modern transformation as a garden ornament. First, folly project has been carried out based on the general concept of energizing dwindling cities. However, it has changed to the direction of adding specific programs. Also, along urban regeneration that does not change deterioration of previous structures, Folly changed in the emphasis on readjust existing structure. Second, by having different designers presenting their own follies during the Osaka Expo, folly now has part on visual exhibition element. This has similarity with public art project, yet it could more actively intervene for urban regeneration compared to conventional environment sculpture. Third, folly is experimented as the event-installation art combined form of architecture and art where people could experience the space and enjoy art. Fourth, folly enabled the landscaping of architecture and expanding city planning. Recently Gwangju Folly invited various arts, social, and cultural professionals to converge city design with architecture, landscaping, and other diverse genres.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.347-362
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• 2005

The input energy to a base-isolated (BI) building during an earthquake is considered and formulated in the frequency domain. The frequency-domain approach for input energy computation has some notable advantages over the conventional time-domain approach. Sensitivities of the input energy to the BI building are derived with respect to uncertain parameters in the base-isolation system. It is demonstrated that the input energy can be of a compact form via the frequency integration of the product between the input component (Fourier amplitude spectrum of acceleration) and the structural model component (so-called energy transfer function). With the help of this compact form, it is shown that the formulation of earthquake input energy in the frequency domain is essential for deriving the sensitivities of the input energy to the BI building with respect to uncertain parameters. The sensitivity expressions provide us with information on the most unfavorable combination of the uncertain parameters which leads to the maximum energy input.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2017

Recent projects of Japanese architect, Ito Toyo have been evolved into innovative and experimental stages that are unique and different from other contemporary architects. Since Ito established his own office in 1971, there were several critical changes and developments in terms of architectural philosophy as well as design methods. Particularly, after Sendai Mediatheque, Ito has tended to focus on creating three-dimensional organic body in which architectural form, space, structure, facilities, images are merged all together. With this new type of three-dimensional structure, Ito aims to generate a new notion of architecture as 'living organism'. This paper tried to analyze Ito's new concept of architecture, design process of three-dimensional organic body and its ultimate characteristics and meanings. For the analysis, three projects were selected: Taichung Metropolitan Opera House(2005), Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive(2007), The New Deichman Library in Oslo(2008). These projects clearly represent several types of three-dimensional organic body. After the comparative studies, it is found that, in Ito's design process and method, there are unique characters: ambivalent relationship between plan and three-dimensional form, aiming new/hyper reality through complicated collaboration of analogue and digital design tools, and contradictory relationship with surrounding urban context. Although there are some limitations and restrictions, ever-evolving Ito's design concept and methods are very much valid and meaningful in contemporary spatial design in various perspectives.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2008

Non-point source pollution that originates from surface applied chemicals in either liquid or solid form is a part of urban activities and it appears in the surface runoff caused by rainfall. This study investigates the characteristics of non point source pollution in relation to storm events and the first washing effect in the Study area, which is comprised of different land use types. Then, a Best Management Practices (BMP) model, for urban areas, is applied with the Storm water Management Model (SWMM) Windows Interface which was developed by the EPA in the USA. During the storm event analysis of the hydrographic and pollutographic data showed that the peak of pollutants concentration was within the peak flow, 30 to 60 minute into the storm event in the Study area. The results of simulation using SWMM Windows Interface, Structure Techniques as applied in the study were highly efficient for removal of pollutants. Predicted removal efficiency was 26.0% for SS, 22.1 for BOD, 24.1% for COD, 20.6% for T-N, and 21.6% for T-P, respectively.