• 한국조경학회지
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• 제38권5_2호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2010

This research aimed at measuring Park and Green Satisfaction (PGS) using subjective indicators of 'surface, line and spot' green evaluated by citizens. Also frequency of visits to park and green measured using objective indicators (number of visits) to find the relationship with PGS. A conceptual model of PGS was developed to relate evaluation to satisfaction and finally to utilization of open spaces. A sample of 500 questionnaire survey was employed for Uijeongbu City in Korea. A Structual Equation Modeling (AMOS) techniques was used to test the hypothesized relationship among factors (construct). As a result, first, PGS was explained by three latent factors of 'urban park' (${\gamma}=0.54$), 'linear facilities' (${\gamma}=0.25$), and 'surface green' (${\gamma}=0.15$) respectively. These three exogenous construct was found very useful classification system for open spaces of cities. Second, PGS (${\gamma}=0.34$) was found as a mediating variable to utilization of open spaces and also PGS was closely related to citizens Environmental Quality Satisfaction (EQS), such concept as, 'livability' and 'aesthetic quality'. The more satisfied with park and green the more people use the space. The PGS was an important QOL indicator together with the subjective indicator of 'livability'. Third, jogging and walking trails and bike ways along the river corridor was the most important green facilities contribute to the PGS and EQS. The near the distance (within 500m) the more number of visit to river corridor (green way). The river corridor promote accessibility to nature and other parks.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.128-139
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• 2023

Urban forests serve multiple purposes by providing green resting spaces and environmental benefits for city residents. In the old city center, where parks are scarce, the campus of Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, South Korea, serves as an urban forest for students, faculty, and citizens. This study aims to quantitatively analyze the environmental functions of green spaces on campus, raising awareness about their importance among campus members. The total carbon storage of campus trees was estimated at 1,653,218 kg, including 1,512,586 kg in forest areas, 131,061 kg in planting spaces around buildings, and 9,571 kg in street spaces. The annual carbon uptake of campus trees was estimated to be 39,391 kg/year, with 30,144 kg/year in forest areas, 8,017 kg/year in planting spaces around buildings, and 1,230 kg/year in horizontal spaces. In addition, annual oxygen production was estimated to be 105,044 kg/year, with 80,385 kg/year in forest areas, 21,378 kg/year in planting spaces around buildings, and 3,281 kg/year in street spaces. Furthermore, we estimated carbon emissions from the use of on-campus facilities to be 4,856,182 kg/year, while oxygen consumption by members was estimated at 53,975 kg/year. However, the campus trees supplied a sufficient amount of oxygen, which was twice the amount required by school members. The carbon uptake amount was approximately 1% of the amount of carbon emissions, resulting in a modest contribution to improving the environmental conditions of the site.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.59-69
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• 1998

This research was conducted to suggest some directions for desirable urban green space planning through 1) establishing a new classification system by examining the existing concept, problems and characteristics of green space and 2) defining the essence of green space environment and finding some analytical and evaluative methods through a clear establishment of functions, indicators of green space. An analytical technique of green space, in which the coexistent relationship of human and other organisms was emphasized, was tried in order to realize urban green space planning. Based on the relevancy between green space and human being, green space was classified into green space for existence green space for utility, green space for both of existence and utility. The ratio of green covered, the ratio of greenery within the frame of vision, and the ratio of green volume in green space for existence was used as analytic and evaluative indicators.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.395-433
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• 2021

본 논문의 목적은 주택 소유 여부와 주택유형이 도시녹지공간의 경제가치에 주는 효과를 검증하는 것이다. 공공재로서 녹지공간은 양의 외부효과를 제공하는데, 화폐 외부효과와 기술 외부효과로 나누어진다. 서울을 사례연구 대상지로 하여 선택실험을 진행하였고, 1,000명으로 구성된 온라인 표본을 분석하였다. 분석 결과에 의하면 형평성과 효율성을 고려하여 다양한 유형의 도시녹지를 관리하기 위해서는 두 가지 형태의 외부효과를 차별화하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 모든 조건이 같은 경우에, 아파트 거주자들은 소유 여부가 녹지공간의 경제가치에 양의 유의함을 보여준 반면, 일반주택 거주자들은 그러한 영향이 없었다. 아파트의 경우 세입자들이 느끼는 한계가치와 한계비용이 일치하는 균형점까지 녹지공간을 확장하여 사중손실을 저감할 수 있다. 이와는 상반되게 일반주택의 경우에는 소유 여부가 아니라 가구소득이 어메니티 가치에 유의한 영향을 주었다. 녹지공간의 공적 편익(지불의사액)은 평균적으로 현재 거주지 가격의 16%에서 33% 정도까지 조망이나 접근성의 형태로 구체화되었다. 녹지 접근성의 가치에는 거주지유형의 차이가 유의한 영향을 주지 않았다. 녹지공간을 위한 거주자 프로파일과 정책제언을 제시하였다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.481-491
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the urban park and the green spaces within the public service framework. It was investigated by identifying the priority elements as defined by the residents and to figure out the differences of residents' satisfaction for the parks in new and old downtown. This study surveyed 455 residents from 80 dong (neighborhoods) of 5 Gu(districts) in Daejon. In this study, satisfaction on the urban parks and the green spaces in the old downtown was compared with the new town area. The results were as follows: Those who lived in the new downtown areas showed higher satisfaction than those in the old downtown for the urban parks and the green spaces, as well as in all 8 other evaluation sections. Both new and old downtown residents scored high on the 'city landscape and the natural environment' and 'green spaces and facilitats' items, but scored low on 'citizen's respect' and 'acceptance of resident opinions'. The old downtown residents highly valued on easy access to the parks, while the new downtown residents focused on various activities and programs, as well as resident participation, as the parks. The variables affected the resident's satisfaction on the urban parks in old downtown areas consisted of 'information', 'diversity', 'supply decision'. Among these variables, 'diversity' had the most significant influence on the satisfaction level.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2021

Due to changes such as those stemming from the onset of the fourth industrial revolution, it is expected that industrial complexes will transform from being spacious structures into smaller, integrated complexes. Green parks, which are also a type of infrastructure within industrial complexes, also require planned direction suited to the changing environment. The planned directions of green parks in new industrial complexes were examined and surveys were conducted on industrial complex workers. Preferred functional arrangement, importance, and satisfaction levels of green ratios, preference of compound facilities linked to parks, appropriate dimensional greening methods were all surveyed across 1,035 businesses. Results of the survey exhibited that there was high awareness on the importance of building green areas, but it was found that current greenery levels were insufficient. There was a high rate of responses indicated that dimensional greening is required in building-type industrial spaces, and preferences for rooftop greenery, stair-type greenery, and atrium greenery were also high. There were many opinions that it is necessary to integrate cultural facilities, exhibition and educational facilities, commercial facilities, parking lots in parks. Furthermore, it was found that it is necessary to provide pathways for bikes and pedestrians, rather than those for vehicles, and to connect them with the green parks. This study stopped short of exploring the directions for which green parks should aim in new industrial complexes with changes in the industrial environment. In the future, more concrete plans on green park planning techniques according to the spatial characteristics and structures of new industrial complexes will be necessary.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.603-610
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• 2007

Recent urban sprawl has destroyed various kinds of green space in tile city. It has affected duality of people's life in the city, as well as urban ecosystem. Recent study shows the possibilities of roofs as green spaces in urban central site where the land costs are generally high. This research focuses on Jung-Gu district in Daegu Metropolitan city as a study area and calculates possible area of green roof using 2002 Autocad program based on aerial photographs and land registration maps. And the purpose of this research is to analyze environmental and economic effects of green roof. The environmental effects are as follows. It is expected that $91,106m^2$ green spaces, 12.13 % of study site, will be added if green roof is performed in the study site. It is assumed that the expanded areas could reduce the highest temperature to $0.5-1.0^{\circ}C$ during the summer in terms of environmental effect. And the following shows the economic effects. If green roof and greening urban central site are created as a same size of $91,106m^2$, it will be expected that the costs of green roof will be much more in-expensive than about 98 billions won. It will be also found that the expense of cooling energy can be saved out about 8 millions won per day in summer, if grass planting is accomplished on the possible areas of green roof in the study site. Therefore, it is desirable to take legal supports such as enacting regulations to activate green roof for more environmental and economic effects. For instance, green roof for public institutions, school and model area selection are desirable method to publicize the effect of greening program for citizen's participation.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.99-111
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• 2009

There have been continuous studies about urban parks since 1971 until now. However, there was neither deep analysis of park space nor research about green areas and lawn space. Below is the summary of the main results obtained based on the analysis of the problems with the spatial structure and park facilities of 8 examinatory parks. The analysis of use pattern revealed that lawns in green areas are becoming almost unusable spaces. Therefore plans for more active utilization of lawn space is necessary. There were high correlations among unnecessary and necessary factors of park, use of green areas and the reasons for not using it; thus the analysis suggested that other plans be considered for utilization of lawn space in oder to obtain stronger efficacy. The objective of the present research was to suggest an opinion concerning the improvement of spatial structure of urban parks, by making unusable spaces of parks usable through appropriate park structuring, so that users can utilize more parks. Especially with regard to green areas, the present research has a meaning in that it suggested a method of improving spatial structure by means of green areas desired by users and facilities they can use.

• 도시과학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to review and evaluate the proper planning for 2030 Incheon Urban Parks & Green Space Master Plan. Some of the plans are aimed at multiple small districts within the city's old town, as local governments are planned to be sub-subsidized by Incheon Metropolitan City. However, these plans have become simple plans for each district and therefore find it difficult to collect from the perspective of the using system of the residents who are directly used. First, the construction of the urban park and green space network requires the construction of a service using system that can be felt by the users. Second, the basic idea of each district planned as the detailed strategy of the master plan should be planned through consultation with nearby the district. Third, specific targets and directions for the urban park and green space plan through the urban development project are needed.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.101-112
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• 2021

도시재생이라는 화두와 관련하여 전통시장에 대한 환경개선의 노력이 지속되고 있다. 특히, 주차공간의 미비는 많은 구도시와 재래시장이 겪고 있는 문제이다. 이에 대한 해법으로 기존 도시계획시설을 입체화하여 지하 주차공간을 마련하고, 그 상부를 더 의미 있는 공간으로 활용하려는 시도가 이어지는 추세이다. 본 연구는 대구광역시 수성구 신매동 571번지 완충녹지에 지하 주차장을 조성하면서 상부의 완충녹지를 공원화하는 기본계획안에 대한 기록이다. 대상지를 도심녹지로서의 기능을 유지하며 생태적으로 보존되어야 할 '방어적인 녹지'와 시장으로의 보행 흐름과 이벤트가 집중되는 '적극적인 활동 공간'이라는 이중적인 가치를 지닌 공간으로 정의하고, 이 가치의 균형을 맞출 수 있는 구체적인 설계전략 세가지를 제시하였다. 첫째, 사람의 무분별한 점용과 훼손을 방지하고, 건강한 식생환경을 유지하기 위해 분절되지 않은 최대한의 녹지면적을 확보한다. 둘째, 좁고 긴 대상지의 형태적 특성을 극복할 수 있는 공간배치와 지형 및 식재계획으로, 풍부한 녹색공간의 체험을 가능하게 한다. 셋째, 다양한 도시의 문화활동을 집중적으로 수용할 수 있으며, 신매시장, 고산도서관 등 인근 도시 시설과의 연결을 강화할 수 있는 공간을 제공한다. 본 연구는 도시기반시설의 입체화 계획시 조경적 접근방법의 담론을 확장하는 데 목적을 두며, 향후 유사한 맥락을 가진 도시재생 프로젝트에 시사점을 제공하는 데 학술적 의의가 있다.