• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2007.10b
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• pp.99-104
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• 2007

With their deity groves, Japanese Shinto shrines form unique green spaces. Further, many shrines are located between a settlement and the rural or natural environment. This location relates to the nature-worship of the Shinto tradition. However, when visiting present shrine precincts, it gives the impression that their original landscape location and green space is impaired by urban changes. This study focuses on the point how the scenic condition of district shrines at the fringe of Tokyo is challenged in the present, and presents an example of a successful preservation in the urban area. The key point of such preservation is that it goes beyond the shrine precinct itself. If there still exists a natural or beautiful scenery next to a shrine with some distinct historical or religious relationship, both shrine and scenery should be preserved together.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.29
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• pp.1-19
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• 1984

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.97-105
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of an aquatic exercise program on physical fitness, body composition, and gait characteristics using trunk and pelvic angle in women living in urban fringe area. Methods: An aquatic exercise program consists of exercise in a swimming pool and self-help group activity with 16 women living in urban fringe (mean age: 63 years) for 8 weeks (twice a week for 2 hours). Physical fitness, body composition, trunk and pelvic angle using 2D video motion analyzer, and a questionnaire including socio-demographic variables were measured from July to August, 2013. Data were analyzed using a paired t-test with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: At the end of 8 weeks intervention, there were significant decreases on body weight (p=.025), body fat (p=.030) and BMI (p=.011). There were significant increases on muscle strength (p=.001) and flexibility (p=.015). Trunk angle was significantly improved, which means participants less moved their body from side to side when they walked (p=.001). Conclusion: From this results, the aquatic exercise program could be an effective nursing intervention to improve physical fitness, body composition, and gait ability for women living in urban fringe area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.71-80
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• 1997

The city's countryside is adjusting to change by urbanization. The recent changes in rural landuse and damages of local landscape characteristics are very serious. But, few studies address the relationship between land-use and quality of landscape for these area. The aim of this study is to clarify causes and problems of the change through investigating changes of landscape as a function of land-use. The results are as follows 1) The change of landscape can be seen as a functional of land-use. Landscapes are characterized by changes of regional environments. These are the urban-rural fringe area which need special consideration for urban development and also for rural landscape quality. 2) 11 types of landscape patterns are found for landscape management. these are Regional commercial area, Apartment development, Recreation & seisure, Golfs, Housing complex, Industrial complex, Vinyl house, Rural village, Evaded facilities, Rivers, Cultural heritages. These landscape types are explained as 'stimuli-responses model'in Bryant's Forces of urbanization. 3) The policy implications of these study are as follows : First is the necessity of landscape management in Grown Management Zone and Natural Reserved Zone in the Metropolitan level, Second is the necessity of development control in semi- agricultural area. The last is the necessary of long range management plan in the urban-rural fringe area.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.110-110
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• 2000

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.110-110
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• 2000

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.46 no.7
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• pp.23-32
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• 2004

A spatial simulation model for rural and urban sprawl phenomena was developed with GIS and cellular automata techniques. The model finds out built-up areas invading toward rural areas required for development of existing urban area. Probability of land use change for optimizing the development area was determined using a land suitability analysis method interfaced with GIS methods, based on several criteria in terms of geographic and accessibility factors such as slope of land and distance from city center. Weighting values of the criteria were quantified by an analytic hierarchy process method. For model applicability test, the parameters of criteria were calibrated based on the changes in time series land use data of the test city for 1986, 1996, and 2000, which were classified by remote sensing techniques. Simulated and observed areas in land use maps for city shape of 1996 showed good similarities with each other through a morphology verification method. The model enabled us to evaluate the spatial expansion phenomena of cities considering boundary conditions, and also to simulate land use planning for rural areas in urban fringe.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.63-76
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• 2012

Modern railway construction by Japanese had a great influence on the urbanization, transformation of urban structure and landscape during the Japanese imperialism and compressive increasing period in Iri(Iksan). This paper aims to find out the effect of railway on the modern urban structure and urban landscape in Iri(Iksan). Railways in Iri, Honam railway, Kunsan railway, Jeonla railway have been constructed progressively during 1911 and 1915 with Iri and old Iri(east-Iri) station. From the analysis of land registration maps and street plans, old photographies and historical records, some significant features underling railway construction can be followed in view of modern urbanization process in Iri. Firstly railways cut off the possibility of developing urban structure based on traditional spatial structure of Iksan. Secondly railways made dual spatial structure in Iri. Japanese and Korean life zone were divided into separate district around urbanization area and market place. Thirdly traditional space cognition system based on four cardinal directions were changed to front and rear space of railway station. Fourthly railways and stations caused neo-baroque spatial order and imperialistic urban landscape of Iri with axis, vista and gridiron plan. Fifthly break points and fringe belts garbling modern urbanization process are created. Sixthly modern cultural and consumptive urban spaces were taken their seats in relation with daily urban life.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.117-124
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• 2000

This paper presents a design of urban waterfront park using agricultural reservoir in urban fringe area to meet increasing leisure demand for urban resident and to improve resident's quality of life through preventing the reservoir from urban use after reclamation. The site, Unam-Ji, is located on northern part of Taegu metropolitan area, having 17,791 square meters. We had designed this park from 1997 to 1998. After analyzed such factor as accessibility, current land uses, topography, hydrology, vegetation and landscape, climate, and soil, we constructed basic design scheme and principes such as conservation of natural resources, meeting user's recreation demands, providing opportunities for experiencing natural process, integrating naturalness and amenity of the site, and comfortable place with natural dynamism. Based on these principles, we have designed Unam-Ji waterfront park having intrinsic characteristics of the site, maintaining water quality and ecological restoration and improving water-based recreation opportunities. After evaluation of such criteria of design alternative as land use and circulation, spatial organization, convenience for use of and maintenance, conservation of natural environment, and degree of achieving planning and design goals, and maintaining landscape, we have visualized and formalized waterfront park in design process, which is consisted of four squares-- green square for multiple uses, water-based recreation square, pedestrian roads and decks near waterfront, performance square and fords near waterfront. In conclusion, this waterfront park design contributes to improve quality of urban development through preserving agricultural as an important component of urban water system and provide important planning and design implications in urban open space planning.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.10 no.4 s.25
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• pp.9-18
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• 2004

The purpose or this study is to simulate spatially the urban expansion phenomena with a cellular automata (CA) technique using GIS. A study area, Suwon city, was selected for test of model verification and application with the classified land-use maps of three data years: 1986, 1996, and 2000. The urbanized potential maps were generated with seven criteria of one geographic factor (slope of land), and six accessibility factors (time distances from city, national road, Seoul, station, and built-up boundary), considering their weighting values, which were optimized by WSM (weighted scenario method for intensity order) combined a ranking method and a AHP technique. The optimized weighting values at the urban expansion between 1986 and 1996 were applied to verify the CA model for the other expansion between 1996 and 2000. The results of model application showed that urban sprawl phenomena of the urban expansion toward rural area can be simulated spatially and temporally with several boundary conditions considering various scenarios for the criteria and parameters of the model. Ultimately, this study can contribute to reference data for land-use planning of urban fringe areas.