Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5953/JMJH.2014.21.2.97

The Effects of an Aquatic Exercise Program on Physical Fitness, Body Composition, and Gait Characteristics in Women  

Kim, Sun Ae (Department of Nursing, Kkottongnae University)
Kim, Jong Im (College of Nursing, Chungnam National University)
Kim, Hyun Joo (Department of Physical Therapy, Korea National University of Transportation)
Jeong, Yeong Hee (Department of Nursing, Woosong Informational College)
Hwang, Kyoung-Ok (Department of Physical Therapy, Andong Science College)
Song, Hyang Young (Community Health Practitioners, Woo-Myung Primary Health Care Center)
Publication Information
Journal of muscle and joint health / v.21, no.2, 2014 , pp. 97-105 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of an aquatic exercise program on physical fitness, body composition, and gait characteristics using trunk and pelvic angle in women living in urban fringe area. Methods: An aquatic exercise program consists of exercise in a swimming pool and self-help group activity with 16 women living in urban fringe (mean age: 63 years) for 8 weeks (twice a week for 2 hours). Physical fitness, body composition, trunk and pelvic angle using 2D video motion analyzer, and a questionnaire including socio-demographic variables were measured from July to August, 2013. Data were analyzed using a paired t-test with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: At the end of 8 weeks intervention, there were significant decreases on body weight (p=.025), body fat (p=.030) and BMI (p=.011). There were significant increases on muscle strength (p=.001) and flexibility (p=.015). Trunk angle was significantly improved, which means participants less moved their body from side to side when they walked (p=.001). Conclusion: From this results, the aquatic exercise program could be an effective nursing intervention to improve physical fitness, body composition, and gait ability for women living in urban fringe area.
Keywords
Aquatic exercise; Physical fitness; Body composition; Gait;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Yoo, J. H., & Yoo, B. J. (2001). Characteristics and management method by location type of sub-agricultural area in Urban Fringe. Journal of Korea Real Estate Society, 19, 199-216.
2 Rikli, R. E., & Jones, C. J. (2001). Senior fitness test manual. Illinois: Human Kinetics.
3 Son, J. T., & Park, S. Y. (2006). A survey on experience and illness management of rural women with osteoarthritis. Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamental of Nursing, 13 (3), 419-427.   과학기술학회마을
4 Song, M. S., Kim, S. K., Yoo, Y. K., Kim, H. J., & Kim, N. C. (2011). Effects of aquatic exercise program on body fat, skeletal muscle mass, physical fitness and depression in elderly women. Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science, 13(3), 276-282.   과학기술학회마을
5 McBride, P. E., Einerson, J. A., Grant, H., Sargent, C., Underbakke, G., Vitcenda, M., et al. (2008). Putting the diabetes prevention program into practice: A program for weight loss and cardiovascular risk reduction for patients with metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 12 (10), 745-749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03028624
6 Koichi, K., Daisuke, S., Hitoshi, W., & Takeo, N. (2009). EMG activity of hip and trunk muscles during deep-water running. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 19 (6), 1064-1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2008.11.001   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Lim, H. N. (2009). The effect of water exercise on body composition, bone mineral density and health related fitness of the elderly women. Journal of Korean Physical Education Association for Girls and Women, 23 (3), 39-48.
8 Lund, H., Weile, U., Christensen, R., Rostock, B., & Downey, A. (2008). A randomized controlled trial of aquatic and landbased exercise in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine: Official Journal of the UEMS European Board of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 40 (2), 137-144. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/16501977-0134   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Ostrosky, K. M., VanSwearingen, J. M., Burdett, R. G., & Gee, Z. (1994). A comparison of gait characteristics in young and old subject. Physical Therapy, 74 (7), 637-646.   DOI
10 Park, I. H. (1999). The exercise of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Journal of Rheumatology Health, 6 (2), 350-351.
11 Park, J. A. (2004). Effect of aqua exercise on the fitness and body composition in the pre and post menopausal women. Unpublished master's thesis, Konkuk University, Seoul.
12 Eva, B., Maria, O., Yvonne, H. A., Stefan, H., & Elena, G. F. (2007). Trunk and center of mass movements during gait in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Human Movement Science, 26, 296-305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2007.01.007   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Patla, A. E. (2003). Strategies for dynamic stability during adaptive human locomotion. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine. 22, 48-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MEMB.2003.1195695   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Hyun, A. H. (2007). Effect of 16-week aquarobics exercise program on body composition, physical fitness, and blood lipids of aged women. Unpublished master's thesis, Korea National Sport University, Seoul.
15 Duncan, P. W., Weiner, D. K., Chandler, J., & Weiner, D. K. (1990). Functional reach: A new clinical measure of balance, The Journal of Gerontology, 45 (6), 192-197. Downloaded from http://geronj.oxfordjournals.org/ at Chungnam National University on April 14, 2014.
16 Han, D. W. (2002). Effect of aqua exercise program on the improvement of physical function, body composition and blood components in the older adults. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Daegu University, Daegu.
17 Jung, Y. H., & Kim, J. I. (2010). Effects of a 9-week self-help management, aquatic exercise program on pain, flexibility, balance, fatigue and self-efficacy in the patients with osteoarthritis. Journal of Muscle and Joint Health, 17 (1), 47-57.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Katsura, Y., Yoshikawa, T., Ueda, S. Y., Usui, T., Sotobayashi, D., Nakao, H., et al. (2010). Effects of aquatic exercise training using water-resistance equipment in elderly. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 108, 957-964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-009-1306-0   DOI
19 Bates, A., & Hanson, N. (1996). Aquatic Exercise Therapy. W.B. Saunders Company, 1-28. PUB ID: 103-289-808 (Last edited on 2002/02/27 18:41:37 US/Mountain).
20 Kim, J. I. (1994). An effect of aquatic exercise program with self-help group activities and strategies for promoting self-efficacy on pain, physiological parameters and quality of life in patients having rheumatoid arthritis. The Journal of Rheumatology Health, 1 (1), 21-26.
21 Aquatic Exercise Association. (2010). Aquatic Fitness Professional Manual (6th ed.). Human Kinetics Publishers, USA.
22 Arnold, C. M., & Faulkner, R. A. (2010). The effect of aquatic exercise and education on lowering fall risk in older adults with hip osteoarthritis. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 18 (3), 245-260.   DOI
23 Chien, H. L., Lu, T. W., & Liu, M. W. (2013). Control of the motion of the body's center of mass in relation to the center of pressure during high-heeled gait. Gait & Posture, 38, 391-396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.12.015   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Choi, H. K., Kim, N. S., & Kim, H. S. (2009). Effects of water exercise program on physical fitness, pain and quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis. Journal of Muscle and Joint Health, 16 (1), 55-65.   과학기술학회마을
25 Daisuke, S., Koichi, K., Hitoshi, W., Yoshimitsu, S., Yasuhiro, B., & Takeo, N. (2011). Comparison of once and twice weekly water exercise on various bodily functions in communitydwelling frail elderly requiring nursing care. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 52 (3), 331-335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2010.05.002   DOI   ScienceOn
26 American Geriatric Society, British Geriatric Society, and American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons Panel on Falls Prevention:Guideline for the prevention of falls in order person. (2001). Journal of American Geriatric Society, 49 (5), 664-681.   DOI   ScienceOn