• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.92-100
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• 2012

A map of complex environment can be generated using a robot carrying sensors. However, representation of environments directly using the integration of sensor data tells only spatial existence. In order to execute high-level applications, robots need semantic knowledge of the environments. This research investigates the design of a system for recognizing objects in 3D point clouds of urban environments. The proposed system is decomposed into five steps: sequential LIDAR scan, point classification, ground detection and elimination, segmentation, and object classification. This method could classify the various objects in urban environment, such as cars, trees, buildings, posts, etc. The simple methods minimizing time-consuming process are developed to guarantee real-time performance and to perform data classification on-the-fly as data is being acquired. To evaluate performance of the proposed methods, computation time and recognition rate are analyzed. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has efficiency in fast understanding the semantic knowledge of a dynamic urban environment.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
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• pp.508-511
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• 2006

Generally, stereo pair images are necessary for 3D viewing. In the absence of quality stereo-pair images, it is possible to synthesize a stereo-mate suitable for 3D viewing with a single image and a depth-map. In remote sensing, DEM is usually used as a depth-map. In this paper, LiDAR data was used instead of DEM to make a stereo pair from a single aerial photo. Each LiDAR point was assigned a brightness value from the original single image by registration of the image and LiDAR data. And then, imaginary exposure station and image plane were assumed. Finally, LiDAR points with already-assigned brightness values were back-projected to the imaginary plane for synthesis of a stereo-mate. The imaginary exposure station and image plane were determined to have only a horizontal shift from the original image's exposure station and plane. As a result, the stereo-mate synthesized in this paper fulfilled epipolar geometry and yielded easily-perceivable 3D viewing effect together with the original image. The 3D viewing effect was tested with anaglyph at the end.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.145-154
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• 2017

Objectives: This study used data of urban and rural elderly living alone to compare the general characteristics of the elderly who have had suicidal ideation, and to investigate the suicidal ideation of urban-rural elderly with varying degrees of emotional support status, health status, and health behavior. Methods and materials: The research participants included 2,750 elderly aged 65 or above, of which 1,487 were from dong unit and 1,263 were from eup myeon units according to the raw data of 2011 Survey on Elderly Status. All collected data were analyzed using cross tabulation of SPSSWIN(ver 21.0) program and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The results were as follows. First, the factors that influenced the suicidal ideation of urban and rural elderly living alone included degree of depression, experience of abuse, and nutritional management status. Second, the suicidal ideation of urban elderly living alone was affected by the emotional support of their children who live apart and their grandchildren. Third, the suicidal ideation of rural elderly living alone was affected by the emotional support of their kin (including siblings).

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2022

Lane change in urban environments is a challenge for both human-driving and automated driving due to their complexity and non-linearity. With the recent development of deep-learning, the use of the RNN network, which uses time series data, has become the mainstream in this field. Many researches using RNN show high accuracy in highway environments, but still do not for urban environments where the surrounding situation is complex and rapidly changing. Therefore, this paper proposes a lane change possibility decision network by adopting Attention layer, which is an SOTA in the field of seq2seq. By weighting each time step within a given time horizon, the context of the road situation is more human-like. A total 7D vectors of x, y distances and longitudinal relative speed of side front and rear vehicles, and longitudinal speed of ego vehicle were used as input. A total 5,614 expert data of 4,098 yield cases and 1,516 non-yield cases were used for training, and the performance of this network was tested through 1,817 data. Our network achieves 99.641% of test accuracy, which is about 4% higher than a network using only LSTM in an urban environment. Furthermore, it shows robust behavior to false-positive or true-negative objects.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.137-150
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• 2010

A meso-urban meteorological model (Urbanized MM5; uMM5) with urban canopy parameterization (UCP) was applied to the high-resolution simulation of meteorological fields in a complex coastal urban area and the assessment of urban impacts. Multi-scale simulations with the uMM5 in the innermost domain (1-km resolution) covering the Busan metropolitan region were performed during a typical sea breeze episode (4~8 August 2006) with detailed fine-resolution inputs (urban morphology, land-use/land-cover sub-grid distribution, and high-quality digital elevation model data sets). An additional simulation using the standard MM5 was also conducted to identify the effects of urban surface properties under urban meteorological conditions. Results showed that the uMM5 reproduced well the urban thermal and dynamic environment and captured well the observed feature of sea breeze. When comparison with simulations of the standard MM5, it was found that the uMM5 better reproduced urban impacts on temperature (especially at nighttime) and urban wind flows: roughness-induced deceleration and UHI (Urban Heat Island)-induced convergence.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.27-48
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• 2012

본 논문은 도시계획에 관한 국내 및 해외 선진국의 기후요소 평가기법을 고찰하여, 국내 기후요소 평가기법의 문제점과 개선방안 제시를 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해, 국내 제도로는 도시기본계획에 대한 사전환경성검토와 도시관리계획에 대한 환경성 검토를, 국외 제도로는 독일의 도시계획 및 지역계획에 대한 전략환경평가를 고찰하였다. 이를 바탕으로 국내 및 국외제도에서의 기후요소 평가기법을 비교 분석하였으며, 도시계획에 대한 도시기후요소 평가기법을 국내에서 활성화하기 위한 시사점을 평가요소, 평가방법 및 평가를 위한 기반자료 측면에서 제시하였다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze affecting factors to consider and make decision on the urban-to-rural migrants using survey data. In the consideration model of urban-to-rural migrants, it was found that the more interest in "urban-to-rural migrants concern" was, the higher probability to consider about urban-to-rural migrants. The lower the age and income level, the higher probability to consider about the urban-to-rural migrants. In the decision making model of urban-to-rural migrants, the more interest in "urban-to-rural migrants concern" was, the higher probability to decision making of urban-to-rural migrants. The higher of stable pension income and the lower of the expected living cost, the higher probability of decision on urban-to-rural migrants. The results of this analysis show that it is necessary to continuous education to increase "interests and information about rural areas", and A number of safeguards are needed to ensure stable income after urban-to-rural migrants to increase the population of the urban-to-rural migrants.

• 한국빅데이터학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

ITS(Intelligent Transport Systems)는 시민들의 교통이용 안전과 편의를 도모하고 교통 시스템의 효율적인 운영 및 관리를 위해 대도시를 중심으로 도입되었다. 우리나라의 경우 ITS가 전국적으로 확대되면서 도로소통상황, 교통량, 대중교통운영현황 및 관리상황, 대중교통이용현황 등 다양한 교통정보가 생성되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 ITS에서 수집되는 데이터 중 하나인 DSRC(Dedicated Short Range Communications) 빅데이터를 활용하여 도시 교통구조를 네트워크 분석 기법을 통해 규명한다. 이를 통해 도심에서의 복잡한 교통현상을 단순화시키고, 차량 흐름에 따른 도시 교통의 구조적 특징을 도출한다. 분석 결과는 도시의 교통을 좀 더 쉽게 이해할 수 있도록 도와주고, 향후에 도시교통의 혼잡 해소방안, 도로 확장 계획 등의 교통정책 수립시 기초연구 자료로 활용할 수 있다.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.549-558
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• 2010

본 연구는 특정 기간 동안 미국 대도시가 성장하는 패턴에 도시성장경계(UGB)가 어떻게 영향을 미치는가를 상대적 관점에서 조사하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 통계분석을 통해 도시성장경계를 규정하고 있는 대도시권에서 거주지역밀도에 도시성장경계가 어느 정도 영향을 미치고 있는가를 살펴보았다. 다음으로 도시성장의 패턴에 영향을 미치는 요소들과 도시성장경계를 비교 분석하여 도시성장경계의 중요성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 도시성장 패턴이 도시성장경계를 규정하고 있는 도시와 이를 규정하지 않는 도시 사이에 유의한 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 그러나 도시성장경계가 갖는 유의성에도 불구하고 다른 요인들에 비해 상대적으로 낮게 영향을 미치고 있는 점 역시 발견되었다. 이는 본 연구에서 활용한 자료가 설명하기 어려운 요인들이 복잡하게 영향을 주고 있음을 시사한다. 또한 연구자료의 한계에도 불구하고 도시성장경계가 도시 스프롤을 억제하는데 어느 정도 효과를 미치고 있음을 밝히고 있다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to research and analyze the distribution of night illumination level at urban neighborhood parks and to show its characteristics. And this is used basic data ensuring safety and satisfying aesthetic and psychological desires of people who use urban neighborhood parks at night. To research and analyze the distribution of illumination level at urban neighborhood parks at night. To research and analyze the distribution of illumination level at urban neighborhood parks, I selected 8 urban neighborhood parks as the subject of research in this study, set the measuring standard of illumination level, and measured the illumination level by the measuring standard. The results of this study are as follows; 1. Currently, total average illumination level of urban neighborhood parks was lower than the minimum standard of illumination level I KS A 3011-1993. 2. Average illumination level of each place in urban neighborhood parks appeared variously from low level to high level. But this was lower than the minimum standard illumination level in KS A3011-1993 like total average illumination level. 3. The higher was total average illumination level of urban neighborhood parks, the more various was brightness of places. Although users' aesthetic and mental desire or behavioral aspect relate with safety cannot be found by only survey and analyses of illumination level, it is judged that first, illumination level of the standard of the lightness should be analyzed to find user's mental states and behaviors in external space at night. Therefore, it is considered that this study, which analyzed characteristics illumination level as basic data, has a significance. The study continuing for other illuminative environmental factors suitable in the place is required because the brightness of places may not be measured by only illumination level. And the proper illumination level in outdoor places should be showed in considering psychological and behavioral aspects of human as people may have their own sense of brightness.