• 지역연구
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.29-44
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• 2021

미세먼지는 인간의 수명을 단축시키고 각종 암을 유발하는 대기오염 물질이다. 따라서 도시민은 미세먼지 농도에 따라 도시활동을 조정할 수 있다. 미세먼지가 도시민의 활동에 미치는 영향은 미세먼지의 지속 기간, 미세먼지 경보 여부에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 또한 도시활동의 유형과 장소, 도시민의 미세먼지 취약 정도에 따라 회피행동의 수준이 다르게 나타날 수 있다. 이처럼 다양한 요인들에 따라 도시민의 미세먼지 대응 방식이 다르게 나타날 수 있음에도, 이에 관한 연구적 증거는 매우 미흡한 상황이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 서울시 도심 중 하나인 종로구를 대상으로 미세먼지가 도시민의 활동에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 SKT의 휴대전화신호 자료와 토지이용 자료를 연계하여 도시활동 유형·연령별 일 단위 활동인구 수를 추출하고, 미세먼지 농도, 미세먼지 지속일 수, 미세먼지 경보 여부의 영향을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 미세먼지에 대한 회피행동이 도시활동의 유형, 활동장소의 물리적 특성(실내·야외), 미세먼지 지속 기간, 미세먼지 경보 여부, 도시민의 연령에 따라 다른 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 미세먼지가 도시민의 활동에 미치는 영향을 다각적으로 제공하여, 공공의 미세먼지 저감 및 적응 정책 수립을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.554-566
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• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Urban-rural inequities in health and mortality exist in Korea, a highly centralized developed country. The potential impact of multiple health-related lifestyle behaviors on mortality and difference between urban and rural areas is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of high-risk health behaviors on all-cause mortality among residents living in urban and rural in Korea. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted on 8,298 adults aged 40 yrs and older from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2015. High-risk behaviors were defined as having poor diet quality, current smoking, high-risk drinking, or insufficient physical activity. Mortality status was linked to the Cause of Death data followed up to December 31, 2019. The associations between all-cause mortality and high-risk behaviors were evaluated using Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, income, and survey year. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated, and effect modification analysis was conducted. Participants were stratified by residential area (urban or rural). RESULTS: During the follow-up (median: 5.4 yrs), 313 deaths occurred. A higher proportion of rural residents than urban residents engaged in multiple high-risk behaviors (28.9% vs. 22.6%; P < 0.0001). As individual factors, a greater risk of mortality was associated with poor diet quality, current smoking, and inadequate physical activity, and these tendencies persisted in rural residents, especially for diet quality. Multiple high-risk behaviors were positively associated with a higher risk of mortality in Koreans living in urban and rural areas. PAF (95% confidence interval) was 18.5% (7.35-27.9%) and 29.8% (16.1-40.2%) in urban and rural residents, respectively. No additive or multiplicative effect of the region was observed. CONCLUSION: The higher prevalence of multiple high-risk lifestyle behaviors in rural residents may explain the higher mortality in rural areas compared to urban areas. Comprehensive public health policies to improve health-related behaviors in rural populations may be needed.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.95-108
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• 2016

Urban geology is the study of urban geologic environments to provide a scientific basis for rational land use planning and urban development and provides information on geologic environments as a basis for city planners. Based on AEG recommendations, urban geological studies covered the urbanism and historical backgrounds, geological setting, engineering geological constraints and environmental assessments of understudied cities. The aim of this study is to provide a good view of urban geology of Tabriz city the capital of East Azerbaijan province in Iran. The topics of discussions about Tabriz city urban geology are included geologic (geomorphology, geology, climatology and hydrogeology), engineering geological (earthquake, landslide and geotechnical hazards investigations) and environmental characteristics (air, soil and water hazards assessment).The results of the urban geologic studies indicated that Tabriz city in terms of engineering geological and environmental constraints is at high risk potential and in terms of seismic activity and landslide instability is highly potential. In terms of air, soil and water pollution there are many important environmental concern in this city.

• 농촌계획
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2009

In less favored areas, it is getting more difficult to manage Satoyama according to aging of rural residents and depopulation. Some support of urban residents are necessary for management of Satoyama. In this paper, the role of Satoyama management activities was clarified through the analysis of the feature of activities for managing Satoyama. The questionnaire and interview surveys were done in order to clarify the actual conditions for management of Satoyama and activities of urban residents who are participating in NPO in Hyogo Prefecture. The results of analysis are as follows. (1)The form of rural-urban exchange in Satoyama is different in each Satoyama. (2)The urban residents are contributing to the region very much on both sides of the manager and the visitor in Satoyama. (3)Many urban residents visit Satoyama for the purpose of enjoying the variety of nature and culture programs in rural area. (4)There are some urban residents who participate in activities for managing Satoyama even if Satoyama is far from their residence. So it is important for rural residents to arrange the condition that they can visit rural area without difficulty.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.33-47
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify personal and social environmental factors associated with physical activity and sedentary behavior among elementary school students. Methods: Cross-sectional self-reported data were collected from a conveniently clustering sample population of 1538 grade 5 to 6 students attending 19 elementary schools in Seoul metropolitan city and Gyeonggi province. Data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: In multiple logistic regression analyses, significant factors that were associated with schoolchildren's physical activity were gender, father's job, social support for physical activity, friend support, participation in school physical education class. Father's education level, mother's job, family functioning and urban residents were significantly associated with TV viewing and gender, age, BMI(obesity), mother's job, family functioning and urban residents were significantly associated with playing computer games among elementary schoolchildren. These results showed that physical activity among elementary school students was most associated with social environmental factors and sedentary behavior among school students was most associated with personal and family environment factors. Conclusion: Health care providers should develop interventions to improve these family and social environmental factors to increase physical activity levels and to decrease sedentary behavior among elementary schoolchildren.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.130-138
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• 2014

이 연구는 대중교통전용지구의 조성목적에 따른 계획요소별 중요도 평가에 관한 것이다. 대중교통전용지구의 조성목적은 교통수요관리형과 지역활성화추진형으로 구분하였다. 이를 바탕으로 계획요소를 토지이용, 도시설계, 교통, 사회문화 특성으로 분류하고 이를 4As(Attraction, Amenity, Accessibility, Activity)라 명명하였다. AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process) 기법을 통해 각 조성목적별로 계획요소의 중요도를 평가한 결과, 교통수요관리형은 교통(52.7%), 토지이용(25.6%), 도시설계(13.7%), 사회문화(8.0%) 순으로, 지역활성화추진형은 토지이용(36.1%), 교통(30.6%), 도시 설계(17.7%), 사회문화(15.6%) 순으로 도출되었다. 또한, 조성목적별로 세부계획요소의 중요도에서도 차이가 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 대중교통전용지구의 조성목적을 구분할 필요가 있음을 뒷받침하며, 다양한 계획요소의 반영을 위해서는 교통부문 단독계획이 아닌 타 계획과의 연계가 필수적임을 시사한다. 또한 승용차 접근성이 배제요인이 아닌 선택요인이라는 것과 사회문화적 특성에 대한 고려도 필요함을 확인하였다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2010

도시이미지 안에서 대표경관들은 그 도시를 상징하며 사람들에게 그 도시의 도시다움을 느끼게 해주는 도시정체성의 중요한 기간자원 역할을 하고 있다. 본 연구는 도시의 대표경관들이 어떠한 지각-인지의 조건들로 인해 대표성을 획득하게 되는지를 밝혀 보고자 하였다. 먼저 서울시를 중심으로 도시 대표경관과 관련된 기존 연구들을 종합하여 대표경관들을 도출하고, 그들 각각의 인지요인들을 설문을 통해 조사하여 유형별 요인별로 다각적 비교분석을 하였고, 그 결과를 향후 대표경관 계획 및 관리방안의 시사점으로 제시하였다. 연구의 기본방향은 특히 가시적 요인, 심미적 요인, 활동적 요인, 문화적 요인을 중심으로 진행되었다. 주목할 만한 사실은 다면적 요인의 분석에 의한 본 연구의 결과는 기존 연구에서의 대표경관의 인지 순위와는 큰 차이를 나타내고 있다는 것이고, 이에는 시민들의 문화적 요인에 대한 인식의 비중이 높아진 것이 원인으로 해석된다. 이러한 연구결과는 아직 기초적 연구결과이기는 하지만 후속 연구의 보완을 통해 향후 대표경관 계획과 관리의 새로운 관점을 제시할 수 있으리라 기대된다.

• 한국노년학
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.419-437
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• 2011

본 연구는 농촌지역과 도시지역 노인의 생산적 활동과 생활만족도간의 관계를 분석하는데 있다. 생산적 활동 중 경제적 활동과 보살핌노동활동은 부적 인과관계를 나타낸 반면 사회참여활동은 정적 관계가 있었다. 이러한 결과는 생산적 활동 개념이 다차원적인 개념으로 생활만족도에 있어 단일차원성을 확보하지 못함을 의미한다. 또한, Chow 검증한 결과 농촌지역과 도시지역의 노인의 생활만족도를 설명하는 계수의 구조가 다른 것으로 분석되었는데, 농촌지역과 도시지역의 생활만족도의 설명 요인의 차이에 대해 삶의 만족을 가져다 줄 수 있는 심리적 요인이 도농의 문화적 차이로 인한 결과로 해석하였다. 발견점은 노인들은 단체를 통한 자원봉사 활동 보다 개별적인 자원봉사가 생활만족도에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 끝으로 본 연구의 한계점을 밝히고 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2013

Under the powerful influence of economical and social transformation, namely Post-Industrialization since the 1980's, old industrial cities in western europe faced a severe urban crisis such as high unemployment rates, demographic decline, urban slums, lack of infrastructures and economic shocks. In order to overcome their urban decline, They had to attempt to find a creative re-modelled and re-imaged Urban Development Strategy for the future. Thus Urban Regeneration has been a serious issue of debate in europe. First of all, Urban Regeneration based on cultural strategy have played an increasingly important role in the Post-Industrial cities and regions since 1980's. The purpose of this study is to find out the organized characteristics of Urban Regeneration based on Cultural Strategy by analyzing successful overseas case "Landesgartenschau in Ruhrgebiet, Germany, where has been changed from an old industrial city to a Culture-Service- based City significantly over last several years. It's inner-city old industrial areas with amount of derelict under-used industrial Heritages have been remodelled and reimaged to a creative and attractive public spaces involving Arts and cultural activity by Urban Regeneration based on Cultural Strategy, namely, "Landesgartenschau".

• 한국방재학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2002

Since it is important to understand the bio-climatic change in Seoul for ecological city planning in the future, this paper gives an overview on bio-climate analysis of urban environments at Seoul. We analyzed its characteristics in recent years using the observations of 24 of Automatic Weather Station (AWS) by Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). In urbanization, Seoul metropolitan area is densely populated and is concentrated with high buildings. This urban activity changes land covering, which modifies the local circulation of radiation, heat and moisture, precipitation and creating a specific climate. Urban climate is evidently manifested in the phenomena of the increase of the air temperature, called urban heat Island and in addition urban sqall line of heavy rain. Since a city has its different land cover and street structure, these form their own climate character such as climate comfort zone. The thermal fold in urban area such as the heat island is produced by the change of land use and the air pollution that provide the bio-climate change of urban eco-system. The urban wind flow is the most important climate element on dispersion of air pollution, thermal effects and heavy shower. Numerical modeling indicates that the bio-climatic transition of wind wake in urban area and the dispersion of the air pollution by the simulations of the wind variation depend on the urban land cover change. The winds are separately simulated on small and micro-scale at Seoul with two kinds of kinetic model, Witrak and MUKLIMO.