• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 2023

By limiting population and land resources, a high-density urban form has become the inevitable choice for central cities in the rapid growth of many large cities in China. Due to the shift in urban growth and focus, high-density urban areas require restoration and improvement. This study intends to combine ancient and new districts, establish strategies for enhancing urban function, spatial utility, industry, and transportation, and thus enhance regional holistic effectiveness, by performing in-depth research.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.85-91
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• 2013

Tall building has some controversial aspects with low carbon city, but it is still a sensible choice for the metropolitan city. This paper aims to develop holistic urban design strategies to minimize impacts on the environment, increase energy efficiency and improve the quality of living in tall building communities by utilizing tall building characteristics. It puts forward the concept of integrated tall building-low carbon community design from the perspective of urban design, and summarizes five core strategies: Temporal state based on energy use, Complementary energy use state based on functions, Spatial state based on regional environment features, Transportation state based on low-carbon lifestyle and Waste utilization state based on tall building characteristics. It also applies the strategies to a practical project. The results show that the proposed urban design strategies are available approaches to mitigate the side effects of tall building on low carbon city.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.77-85
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• 2018

Rapid urbanization has fostered development of modern cities. Although Conventional zoning played its role to control urban development, it also segregated land uses and created homogeneous development pattern. Mega cities with satellite bed towns has not shown their unique identity and characters. In order to develop comprehensive approach which may bring social and physical enhancement can be difficult to achieve by considering city as a two dimensions. On contrary, extensive analysis and proposals require an approach which can perceive city with three dimensions. Form-Based Codes (FBCs) are appeared as an alternative to conventional zoning with different design process and principles. FBCs approach urban place with three dimension and giving priority to form rather than land use. The purpose of this study was to analyze the necessity of FBCs and its concept, components and how this would change urban characteristics in the aspects of architectural design through analysis on 4 case studies for zoning codes of US cities. Through comparison of components in Form-Based Codes of 4 different cases, this study can show the reasons for differences in application of Form-Based Codes and how detailed components would play a role to establish better urban environments.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.32
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• pp.13-20
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• 2002

This study is purposed to find fundamental characteristics in Grassi's architecture which has architectural principles in architecture itself and in the general frame of the historical facts of architecture. His architectural theories can be explained for rationality, historicity, universality. The method of architectural composition can be divided into urban morphological characteristic and compositional characteristic of architecture. The characteristics of the former are the reconstruction of the urban structure by the readjustment of an urban axis which is based on historical continuity of the city, the open court which is a passage transformed from colonnade that is the historical vernacular type and the respect for the city-line which goes with historical context. The characteristics of the latter are the use transformed of nine square which gives consideration to centrality and typology at the same time and the hierarchic division of the principal space and the subordinate space for the functional typical purpose. This analysis shows that Grassi's architecture is on the base of historical continuity and urban reality and for him architectural work is mental work which conflict with the real world for the reconstruction of the city.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.67-81
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• 2008

Aldo Rossi explained Roman Forum as a significant urban artifact, because Roman Forum analogically showed not only an image of Roman Empire but also a figure of primitive design for its region. Thus the comparison and analysis between characteristics of Aldo Rossi's architectural works which are based on the theory of 'Analogical city' and the forums, the urban artifacts, was proceeded in this study. Consequently, it was discovered that Aldo Rossi had used his analogical thinking from the forum for his architectural languages such as gable roofs, square windows with depth, columns and so on. His analogical use of organizing spaces, such as courtyard type and pillar corridor type, has also shown that their types came from forum spaces. His analogical aspects of the forum: a space where urban images are analogically formed; were expressed in the 'Theater of Science' with the urban architecture form as the actor and the Theatre as the stage for analogical urban performances. Nevertheless, the expression of primitive design which divides the Roman Forum from other forums was actualized in 'the Theater of the World'. He not only analogically used types from Roman Forum in architectural design but also used boat in Water space, which decided the lifestyle and culture of Venice even before the civilization, to express the primitive design of Venice. Consequently, Aldo Rossi, by aiming the severance from the tradition, provided the possibility of explaining the newest modem type within the historical meaning by forming type which finds its continuance in history through 'the Theater of the World' and through analogical thinking along with the level of modern culture, to our urban architectural atmosphere that has lost its historical meanings.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.13 no.4 s.40
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• pp.89-105
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• 2004

This paper investigates morphological theory as an intellectual framework for research and design. The first part of the paper will review morphological studies in the fields of urban geography, urban planning and architecture, particularly in England from the 1940s to the 1980s. While urban geographers and planners were concerned primarily with town plans, building forms and land use, architectural theoreticians were more interested in the topological relationship between urban and architectural space. The underlying premises and principles of these two approaches will be reviewed. The second part of the paper will focus on typology in Europe and North America. The reinterpretation of typology by Italian architects helped to bridge the gap between individual elements of architecture and the overall form of the city. However, typological theory became less accessible in post-war England and the United States. After 1980, the debate on typology became muted by the onset of vague notions such as functionalism, bio-technical determinism, and contextualism. This paper will propose a redefinition of morphology as a heuristic device, in contrast with the dichotomic view of urban morphology and architectural typology. Morphology will be shown to combine the geometrical and topological; the intentional and accidental; the real and abstract; and a priori and a posteriori. The last part of the paper discusses the lack of comparative theories and methods surrounding the physical form of architecture and the city by Korea commentators. Empirically rooted facility planning, non-comparative historical studies, and iconographic criticism emerged as a central preoccupation of architectural culture between the 1960s and 1980s, a time when international debate on architecture and urbanism was most intense. This paper will give consideration to the built environment as a dynamic physical entity and space as an epiphenomenon of daily urban life, such that collaboration between urban designers, architects, and landscape architects is seen as both beneficial and necessary.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.27-35
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• 2014

Purpose: The number of the transportation poor has been steadily increased, and also the social perspective toward the disabled has been changed. Thus, Universal Design has been needed. In particular, the unknown majority of the transportation poor have frequently used the urban railway facilities which should reflect the ideals and principles of Universal Design. However, previous research has not focused on the study on critical factors of Universal Design. Based on this observation, the present study aims to find out Universal Design critical factors of urban railway station. Methods: This study explores the criteria of planning Universal Design in the urban railway station by analyzing and comparing the similar criteria used in both domestic areas and foreign countries. Result: Findings from this study are as follows. First, we found out the critical factors of Universal Design in the urban railway station by comparing and analyzing the similar criteria previously used. Second, this study also suggests the better directions toward the domestic criteria relating to the urban railway system. Third, we found the need of the universal standard as well as individually corresponding strategy. Moreover, we found the need of preparing the critical factors for the physical environments as well as the human service. Implications: The further research on findings of the planning criteria will have been continued on the basis of findings of the present study.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.97-108
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• 2020

This study aims at clarifying the planning methods and historical significance of Park Byung-Joo's New Seoul Blank Plan(1966) in the context of South Korea's Urban Design during the 1960-1970s. In addition, it also tries to reveal how the planner's ideas were transformed into realized urban projects in Korea. By the comparison of the New Seoul Blank Plan and these projects, we can come to understand how the new concepts of urban planning such as CIAM's planning principles, Neighborhood Unit Theory, New Town plan and green belt concept were adapted to Korean society in the 1960s and 1970s.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.255-269
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• 2012

Tall buildings' implementation has often lacked urban design and architectural guidance. There are many examples of tall buildings that have been inappropriately located, designed, and built, and consequently dissatisfaction with high-rise development is wide-spread. This paper attempts to provide extensive urban and architectural guidelines in order to manage cityscape and to ensure safe and healthy living. Through recommendations on design and layout of tall buildings and open spaces the guidelines seek enhancing the visual experience, improving the microclimate conditions, and fostering active social life. These guidelines help in providing enjoyable urban experiences through the examination of spatial relationships, human scale, genius loci, perceptual characteristics, local identity, built heritage, economic activities, and social life.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.20-29
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• 2003

It is an obstacle to improve living environments that an acute angle architectural design is often seen. Though that design give a stress to the neighborhood, we can't prevent the design taking place. We must control architectural design, because it is important to public worth and urban aesthetic. To prevent selfish architectural design, it is recommend to extend design review and reflect neighborhood opinions.