• Health Policy and Management
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.137-153
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• 2022

In the process of promoting policies to strengthen health insurance coverage, the relationship between public health insurance and private health insurance, along with the management of non-benefit, is also emphasized as a policy issue. First, the concept and scope of non-benefit were comparatively analyzed by country. Second, the interaction between the public and private health insurance was classified as 'large or small,' and the government's regulation and management policy on private health insurance was classified as 'strong or weak.' Korea has relatively smaller benefits covered by public health insurance, higher copayment expenses, and more areas and scope of non-benefits. In countries where the interaction between public and private health insurance is small, private health insurance-related policies are weak. And in countries with large interactions had public-private partnerships and the government's management policies were also strong. On the other hand, Korea has a large interaction, but the actual structure of cooperation between public and private insurance and management policies were weak. Because the non-benefit sector in Korea is relatively wide, it is difficult to manage compared to other countries where the concept of non-benefit is limited. In addition, the health authorities rarely perform the role of supervision over private health insurance, and they have so few linkages and cooperation for public-private insurance. Therefore, practical policy enforcement is necessary to achieve the easing of the burden of national medical expenses through linkage and cooperation of public-private health insurance with reference to relevant other countries' cases.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.57-94
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• 2000

Korea's social health insurance system was introduced in 1977, which has made a universal coverage possibly by July 1989. Korean government had pursued a single objective for the last decade to put the whole population under the coverage of medical security, and the objective was achieved within 12 years. The rapid accomplishment is primarily due to such factors as limited benefits, high copayment rate, low contributions as well as rapid economic growth. There are several sources of pressure for the implementation of social health insurance such as health professional group, labor unions, politicians, international organizations etc.. However it is important to look at the feasibility of social health insurance. Among other things, it is necessary to identify the administrative infrastructure of insurance system and to assess income for source of fund. As many developed countries, Korea began to apply health insurance to the employees of the large firms, and the expansion based on employment status. Thus the several funds system was inevitable according to the gradual expansion strategy. However many persons had criticized several funds system in respect with equity and efficiency aspects. In the short history of the Korean health insurance, whether one fund or sever or funds had been the most controversial issue. In Febrary 1999, the National Assembly passed the act of one fund system. From July 2000 separate funds will be unifed under new health insurance scheme. In this study we will analyze the policy making process on implementation, expansion and integration of health insurance system of Korea. And also analyse problems related to policy making.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.3-45
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• 2019

Health insurance is the main instrument to protect the people against sickness. To examine the task of in the future it would be necessary to extract and understand the components formed in its formation and development, benefit related and normative characteristics of the health insurance itself. The health insurance oriented itself to the universal coverage at a law level. Paradoxically this worked positively for the universal development of the health insurance. The task of the health insurance is on the one hand universal, positive and open. On the other hand it has to shape type of allowed method, art and content of the medical treatments into the regulation to ensure the equal benefit as well as the financial stability. That is, the health insurance should check the aberrant medical treatment, and at the same time should be compensated for the their necessity and effectiveness. However there are always some structural differences between both requirements. This article aims to restate and analyse the development of the health insurance, based on the characteristics formed hitherto show the way to reform the health insurance. The problem to enhance the coverage of health insurance, its institutional as well as financial crisis, its peculiar governance would be handled.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

The Japan National Committee for the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) and UICC-Asia Regional Office (ARO) organized a Roundtable Discussion as part of the official program of the UICC World Cancer Congress 2014 in Melbourne, Australia. The theme for the Roundtable Discussion was "Looking Toward the Realization of Universal Health Care 'UHC' for Cancer in Asia" and it was held on December 5, 2014. The meeting was held based on the recognition that although each country may take a different path towards the realization of UHC, one point that is common to all is that cancer is projected to be the most difficult disease to address under the goals of UHC and that there is, therefore, an urgent and pressing need to come to a common understanding and awareness with regard to UHC concepts that are a priority component of a post-MDG development agenda. The presenters and participants addressed the issue of UHC for cancer in Asia from their various perspectives in academia and international organizations. Discussions covered the challenges to UHC in Asia, collaborative approaches by international organizations, the need for uniform and relevant data, ways to create an Asia Cancer Barometer that could be applied to all countries in Asia. The session concluded with the recognition that research on UHC in Asia should continue to be used as a tool for cancer cooperation in Asia and that the achievement of UHC would require research and input not only from the medical community, but from a broad sector of society in a multidisciplinary approach. Discussions on this issue will continue towards the Asia-Pacific Cancer Conference in Indonesia in August 2015.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3-11
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• 2015

This paper aims to review and discuss a graph-based approach for the representation and analysis of building circulation using BIM models. To propose this approach, the authors survey diverse researches and developments which are related to building circulation issues such as circulation requirements in Korea Building Act, spatial network analysis, as well as BIM applications. As the basis of this paper, UCN (Universal Circulation Network) is the main reference of the research, and the major goal of this paper is to extend the coverage of UCN with additional features we examined in the survey. In this paper we restructured two major perspectives on top of UCN: 1) finding major factors of graph-based circulation analysis based on UCN and 2) restructuring the UCN approach and others for adjusting to Korean Building Act. As a result of the further studies in this paper, two major additions have demonstrated in the article: 1) the most remote point-based circulation representation, and 2) virtual space-based circulation analysis.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.75-83
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• 2019

Purpose: There are no clear criteria for slip performance in the BF certification process, so the evaluator relies on subjective judgments depending on the field situation. Physical criteria for determining the slip performance of various floor finishes are not clear. C.S.R., the only criterion currently being used to check slip performance, may raise questions about its coverage, feasibility and reliability. Method: For an analysis of domestic standards and status, KS L 1001, KS M 3510, and KS F 2375. External standards are analyzed for ADA Standard, ANSI Standard, and BS EN Standard. Analyze the test methods and evaluation criteria of O-Y-PSM, BPT, and the dynamic slip resistance test used in these criteria. It also presents an improvement plan for the rational presentation of standards. Results: To date, various kinds of test methods and measuring devices of the slip resistance coefficient have been developed, but there are not many ways to trust useful results related to user safety. Reliability and thoroughly verified test methods and criteria should be used to assess the slip performance of the floor. In order to improve the standard for the evaluation of slip performance in Korea, the existing standard should first be raised to the same level as the overseas standard, and the application of the discriminatory standard should be applied considering the characteristics and usage patterns of each space. Implication: Currently, Korean standards propose various test methods, but the proper use of test methods, scope and assessment criteria are not established, so improvement of the comprehensive standard is necessary.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.237-242
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• 2008

A number of wireless technologies have been implemented, but each technology has its limitation in terms of coverage and bandwidth. WLAN and 3G cellular network has emerged to be a complementary platform for wireless data communications. However, the mobility of roaming terminals in heterogeneous networks poses several risks. To maintain secure communications in universal roaming, the effective authentication must be implemented. The focus of this paper is on analysis of authentication architecture involved in integrated WLAN/3G networks.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 1997.07a
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• pp.211-215
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• 1997

Localized communication networks for office automation, security monitoring, environmental management of buildings, computer communications, and other applications enjoy every increasing demand. This paper proposes a direct sequence spread spectrum communication system for use in power line data transmission. Advantages of power distribution circuits include reasonably universal coverage and easy access vis a standard wall plug. Disadvantages include limited communication bandwidth, relatively high noise levels, and varying levels of impedance, noise, and attenuation. Spread spectrum signalling provides immunity to narrow-band signal impairments and multiplexing capability. Our prototype power line communication module supports completely physical and data link layers based on the international standard ISO 10368 for reliable high-speed power line communication system. Moreover it provides useful functions to compose a plant monitoring and control system. All the circuits of the communication module are included in one compact circuit. Thus a functional communication system for the power line plant monitoring and control is implemented.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.275-302
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• 2013

The Unites States has been plagued with soaring health care costs and an alarmingly large number of uninsured population. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 ushered in the most sweeping health care reform in the United States since the introduction of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965 to address these issues. The law's requirement for individuals to purchase health insurance (the so-called "individual mandate"), however, not only caused a political stir but also prompted constitutional challenges. Some questioned whether the federal government, lacking general police power, could require its citizens to buy unwanted insurance based on its enumerated powers under the U.S. Constitution. This paper summarizes the decision of the U.S. Supreme Court on the constitutionality of individual mandate, and explores how the decision relates to Korea's own universal health care.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.320-326
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• 2018

As the United Nations announced Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, the world changed its development goals from focusing on efficiency to equity. As a result, in the health sector, universal health coverage (UHC) has become one of the main issues. This paper reviews and discusses on future direction and issue of official development assistance program for developing countries. Korea International Cooperation Agency under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs published on Korea International Cooperation Agency's mid-term health strategy 2016-2020 developed on participation program with stakeholder including governments, civil society partner organizations, and educational institutions. The SDGs expands non-communicable diseases, UHC, and global health security from the existing Millenium Development Goals health sector. Progress toward UHC underpins the achievement of all other targets under SDG Goal 3. Progress in reducing health inequality across the life course is drawing on overall data and from specific target. In order to achieve SDG 3, a multi-disciplinary approach, convergence between IT and u-health of this development, is desirable.