• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2001

Plastid transformation was attempted with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] leaves and photoautotrophic and embryogenic cultures by particle bombardment using the transforming vector pZVII that carries the coding sequences for both subunits of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Rubisco and a spectinomycin resistance gene (aadA). Spectinomycin resistant calli were selected from the bombarded leaves but the transgene was not present, indicating that the resistance was due to mutations. The Chlamydomonas rbcL and rbcS genes were shown to be site-specifically integrated into the plastid genome of the embryogenic cells with a very low transformation efficiency. None of the transformed embryogenic lines survived the plant regeneration process so no whole plants were recovered. This result does indicate that it should be possible to insert genes into the plastid genome of the important crop soybean if the overall methods are improved.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2014년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.264-267
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC)의 확장 버전에 적용된 바 있는 화면 내 블록 복사 (Intra Block Copy; IntraBC) 기술에 대해 개선 알고리듬을 제안하고 있다. IntraBC 는 화면 내 부호화 진행 시, 예측 유닛 (prediction unit; PU)단위로 현재 부호화하고 있는 코딩 트리 유닛 (coding tree unit; CTU)의 왼쪽에 위치하는 CTU 를 탐색하는 기법이다. 이때, 왼쪽 CTU 에서 가장 비슷한 블록을 찾아 그 움직임 벡터 (motion vector)를 저장 및 전송하게 된다. 제안하는 알고리듬은 움직임 벡터를 찾기 전, 왼쪽의 복원된 CTU 에 대해 특정 필터를 적용하여 블록킹 열화 (blocking artifact)를 완화시키고, 더욱 정확하고 섬세한 움직임 벡터를 찾도록 하였고, 이는 자연영상보다 스크린 콘텐츠에 더욱 적합함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.103-120
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• 2007

노드는 문서를 구성하는 작은 크기의 의미 있는 정보 단위이다. 정보검색에 문서의 구조정보를 이용함과 더불어 문서보다 작은 검색단위에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 이 연구에서는 노드정보를 이용한 검색실험을 위해 벡터공간모델 검색기법을 사용하여 다양한 유사도 산출방식을 적용한 실험과 구조정보를 활용한 확장 실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과 문서의 유사도를 산출하는 방식에 따른 검색성능의 차이는 거의 나타나지 않았으며, 구조정보를 적용하는 확장 노드검색이 가장 좋은 성능을 나타냈다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.544-549
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• 1995

The alkaline elastase is an extracellular serine protease of the alkalophilic Bacillus strain Ya-B. To increase the gene copy number and the production level of the alkaline elastase Ya-B, we designed, on the B. subtilis chromosome, a gene amplification of the 10.6 kb repeating unit containing amyE, aleE (alkaline elastase Ya-B gene) and tmrB. The aleE was inserted between amyE and tmrB, and B. subtilis APT119 strain was transformed with this amyE-aleE-tmrB-junction region fragment. As a result, we succeeded in obtaining tunicamycin-resistant (Tm$^{r}$) transformants (Tf-1, Tf-2) in which the designed gene amplification of 10.6 kb occurred in chromosome. The transformants showed high productivity of $\alpha $-amylase and alkaline elastase Ya-B. The copy number of the repeating unit (amyE-aleE-tmrB) was estimated to be 25, but plasmid vector (pUC19) was not integrated. The amplified aleE of chromosome was more stable than that of plasmid in absence of antibiotics.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.159-175
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• 2017

We solve the $Bj{\ddot{o}}rling$ problem for constant mean curvature one surfaces in hyperbolic three-space and in de Sitter three-space. That is, we show that for any regular, analytic (and spacelike in the case of de Sitter three-space) curve ${\gamma}$ and an analytic (timelike in the case of de Sitter three-space) unit vector field N along and orthogonal to ${\gamma}$, there exists a unique (spacelike in the case of de Sitter three-space) surface of constant mean curvature 1 which contains ${\gamma}$ and the unit normal of which on ${\gamma}$ is N. Some of the consequences are the planar reflection principles, and a classification of rotationally invariant CMC 1 surfaces.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제51권9호
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• pp.460-466
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• 2002

A reliable fault phase selection algorithm plays a very important role in transmission line protection, Particularly in Extra High Voltage (EHV) networks. The conventional fault phase selection algorithm used the phase difference between positive and negative sequence current excluding load current. But, it is difficult to pick out only fault current since we can not know when a fault occurs and select the fault phase in weak-infeed conditions that dominate zero-sequence current in phase current. The proposed algorithm can select the accurately fault phase using the sum of unit vectors which are calculated by positive-sequence voltage and negative-sequence voltage.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 1997

A continuum structure function(CSF) is a non-decreasing mapping from the unit hypercube to the unit interval. The reliability importance of component $i$ in a CSF at system level ${\alpha}$, $R_i({\alpha})$) say, is zero if and only if component $i$ is almost irrelevant to the system at level ${\alpha}$. A condition to check whether a component is almost irrelevant to the system is presented. It is shown that $R^{(m)}_i({\alpha}){\rightarrow}R_i({\alpha})$ uniformly as $m{\rightarrow}{\infty}$ where each $R^{(m)}_i({\alpha})$ is readily calculated.

• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2010

Quadratic B$\acute{e}$zier curves are important geometric entities in many applications. However, it was often ignored by the literature the fact that a single segment of a quadratic B$\acute{e}$zier curve may fail to fit arbitrary endpoint unit tangent vectors. The purpose of this paper is to provide a solution to this problem, i.e., constructing $G^1$ quadratic B$\acute{e}$zier curves satisfying given endpoint (positions and arbitrary unit tangent vectors) conditions. Examples are given to illustrate the new solution and to perform comparison between the $G^1$ quadratic B$\acute{e}$zier cures and other curve schemes such as the composite geometric Hermite curves and the biarcs.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.1055-1064
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• 2015

We demonstrate a next-generation high-capacity mobile fronthaul based on radio over fiber (RoF) technology, which links between a digital unit and a radio unit supporting two frequency assignments and $2{\times}2$ multiple input, multiple output antennas. To confirm the technical feasibility of a mobile fronthaul, we experimentally investigate its down- and uplink end-to-end performances including the optical and radio frequency (RF) signal path. Frequency-dependent performance deviations, error vector magnitude variations, overall system performance variations caused by optical to electrical conversion, and intermediate frequency to RF conversions are examined. Experimental verifications on multiple LTE uplink signals are performed for the first time. We also demonstrate several commercial mobile Internet services, YouTube video streaming, and file transfers using off-the-shelf mobile devices, through a mobile fronthaul based on RoF.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2017

Neural network based AI computing is a promising technology that reflects the recognition and decision operation of human beings. Early AI computing processors were composed of GPUs and CPUs; however, the dramatic increment of a floating point operation requires an energy efficient AI processor with a highly parallelized architecture. In this paper, we analyze the trends in processor architectures for AI computing. Some architectures are still composed using GPUs. However, they reduce the size of each processing unit by allowing a half precision operation, and raise the processing unit density. Other architectures concentrate on matrix multiplication, and require the construction of dedicated hardware for a fast vector operation. Finally, we propose our own inAB processor architecture and introduce domestic cutting-edge processor design capabilities.