• Membrane Journal
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.226-239
• /
• 2002

A process simulation model of pervaporation process has been developed as a design tool to analyse and optimize the dehyhration of organic solvents through a commercial scale of pervaporative plate-and-frame modules that contain a stack of membrane sheets. In the simulation model, the mass balance, the heat balance and the concentration balance are integrated in a finite elements-in-succession method to simulate the overall process. In the integration method, a feed channel between membrane sheets in the modules was taken as differential unit element volume to simplify calculation procedure and shorten computing time. Some of permeation parameters used in the simulation model, were quantified directly from the dehydration experiment of ethanol through $AzeoSep^{TM}$-2002 membrane which is a commercial pervaporation membrane. The simulation model was verified by comparing the simulated values with experimental data. Using the model, continuous and batch pervaporation processes were simulated, respectively, to acquire basic data for analysing and optimizing in the dehydration of ethanol through the membrane. Based on the simulation results, a comparison between the continuous and the batch pervaporation processes would be discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.19 no.7
• /
• pp.81-86
• /
• 2005

Proposed induction-heated system is innovative system which applied special high-frequency power circuit technique for thermal converse technique and IH(Induction-Heating) magnetic induction heating generated from induction-heated metallic package that is for distillation unit. In this occurs not burning, so that the working environment can be improved. This electromagnetic induction heating technique is used high frequency inverter. By using high frequency inverter high frequency alternative current (HFAC) in the range of [kHz] can be made with conventional alternative current In this contribution IGBT module is used for high frequency inverter. In this paper are discussed action analysis and characteristics analysis of 1.5[kW]-Class half-bridge resonant inverter system and resonant metallic packaged. In addition, by using this system,t how two step heating superheated steam generator is developed and application of system are also discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.185-204
• /
• 2009

The USIM(universal subscriber identity module)-unlock introducing in July 1, 2008 might be led to a significant change that mobile service provider's dominance is considerably dispersed to the handset manufacturer and distributor. Under USIM-unlock environment, mobile service provider, handset manufacturer, and distributor have to make their decisions on their handset distribution channel strategies: the closed distribution channel strategy or the open distribution channel strategy. The change of distribution channel strategy between members in distribution channel can be understood as a matter of strategy choice, and we have developed a theoretical model and analyzed how to make a decision for the member's optimal distribution strategy based on 3-person game model between members of mobile phone distribution channel, under both of '1 subscriber-1 handset' and '1 subscriber-multiple handset' assumptions. Under '1 subscriber-1 handset' assumption, the closed strategy controlled by mobile service provider is all players' optimal solution because the maximum size of the mobile phone market is limited by subscribers. But, as total expected profit by the handset and distribution subsides is a deficit, mobile service provider have to choose the open strategy and consider the conversion to MNO(mobile network operator). Under '1 subscriber-multiple handset' assumption, mobile service provider is trying to find the way how to lock-in its service and mobile phone and how to maximize ARPU(average revenue per unit), while handset manufacturer and distributor have to look for the way how to maximize the mobile phone market using their own marketing efforts, because it is expected that total mobile handset demand for the open market is bigger than demand for the closed market under '1 subscriber-multiple handset' assumption.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.54 no.2
• /
• pp.115-125
• /
• 2012

Application of the Object-oriented Programming (OOP) method to the Finite Element Model (FEM) program has various strengths including the features of encapsulation, polymorphism and inheritance. However, this technique should be based upon a premise that the independency of the object method and data to be used is guaranteed. By attempting to apply the OOP to the FEM, existing researches go against the independency of the OOP which is an essential feature of the method. The reason is this: existing researches apply the OOP to modules in accordance with analysis procedures, although the data to be used is classified as an element unit in the FEM. Therefore, the required independency cannot be maintained as whole stiffness matrices and boundary conditions are combined together. Also, solutions are sought from analysis module after data is regrouped at the pre-processor, and their results are analyzed during the post-processor. As this is similar to a batch processing, it cannot use data at analysis, and recalculation should be done from the beginning if any condition is changed after the analysis is complete, which are limitations of the existing researches. This research implemented the Object-orientation of elements so that the three features of the OOP (i.e. encapsulation, polymorphism and inheritance) can be guaranteed and their independency maintained as a result. For this purpose, a model called 'Object-oriented Finite element Model ensuring the Independency of Elements (OFMIE)', which enables the analysis of targets through mutual data exchanges within instance, was developed. In conclusion, the required independency was achieved in the instance of the objected elements and the analysis results of previous conditions could be used for the analysis after changes. The number of repetitive calculations was reduced by 75 per cent through this gradual analysis processes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.14 no.8
• /
• pp.3992-3998
• /
• 2013

This paper is related to the method of adding a emotional speech corpus to a high-quality large corpus based speech synthesizer, and generating various synthesized speech. We made the emotional speech corpus as a form which can be used in waveform concatenated speech synthesizer, and have implemented the speech synthesizer that can be generated various synthesized speech through the same synthetic unit selection process of normal speech synthesizer. We used a markup language for emotional input text. Emotional speech is generated when the input text is matched as much as the length of intonation phrase in emotional speech corpus, but in the other case normal speech is generated. The BIs(Break Index) of emotional speech is more irregular than normal speech. Therefore, it becomes difficult to use the BIs generated in a synthesizer as it is. In order to solve this problem we applied the Variable Break[3] modeling. We used the Japanese speech synthesizer for experiment. As a result we obtained the natural emotional synthesized speech using the break prediction module for normal speech synthesize.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.137-145
• /
• 2007

This paper concerns about residential environment analysis program implementation for design and analysis on public housing complexes such that view and daylight analysis processes are automated and integrated into existing design routine to achieve better design efficiency. Considering the architectural design trends this paper chooses ArchiCAD as a platform for a CAD system, which contains the concepts such as integrated object-oriented CAD, virtual building and BIM. Residential environment analysis system consists of three components. The first component is the 3D modeling part defining 3D form information for external geographic contour models, site models and interior/exterior of apartment buildings. The second is the parametric library part handling the design parameters for view and daylight analysis. The last is the user interface for the input/output and integration of data for the environment analysis. Daylight analysis shows rendered images as well as results of daylight reports and grades per time and performs the calculations for floor shadow. It separates the site-only analysis from the analysis of site and exterior environmental parameters. View analysis considers horizontal and vertical view angles to produce view image from each unit and uses the bitmap analysis method to determine opening ratio, scenery ratio and void ratio. We could expect better performance and precision from this residential environment analysis system than the existing 2D drawing based view and daylight analysis methods and overcome the existing one-way flow of design information from 3D form to analysis reports so that site design modifications are automatically reflected on analysis results. Each part is developed in a module so that further integration and extension into other related estimation and construction management systems are made possible.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.113-119
• /
• 2016

Purpose: In this study, we evaluate the annual energy performance of the detached house which was designed with the aim of zero energy. Method: The experimental house which was constructed in Gonju Chungnam in 2013, is the single family detached house of light weight wood frame with $100m^2$ of heating area. Thermal transmittance of roof (by ISO 10211) and building external walls are designed as $0.10W/m^2K$ and $0.14W/m^2$ respectively and low-e coating vacuum window glazing with PVC frame was installed. Also grid connected PV system and natural-circulation solar water heater was applied and 6kWp capacity of photovoltaic module was installed in pitched roof and $5m^2$ of solar collector in vertical wall facing the south. We analyzed the 2014 annual data of the detached house in which residents were actually living, measured though web-based remote monitoring system. Result: First, as a result, total annual energy consumption and energy production (PV generation and solar hot water) are 7,919kWh and 7,689kWh respectively and the rate of energy independence is 97.1% which is almost close to the zero energy. Second, plug load and hot water of energy consumption by category showed the highest numbers each with 33% and 31%, with following space heating 24%, electric cooker 8%, lighting 3% in order. Hot water supply is relatively higher than space heating because high insulation makes it decreased.

• Design & Manufacturing
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.14-19
• /
• 2016

Thermally or electrically conductive filler reinforced polymer composites are extensively being developed as the demand for light weight material increases rapidly in industiral applications need good conductivity such as heat sink of the electronics or light. Carbon or ceramic materials like graphite, carbon nanotube or boron nitride are typical conductive fillers with good thermal or electical conductivity. Using these conductive fillers, the polymer composites in the market show wide range of thermal conductivity from approximately 1 W/mK to 20 W/mK, which is quite enhanced considering the thermal conductivity lower than 0.5 W/mK for most polymeric materials. The practical use of these composites, however, is yet limited to specific applications because most composites are still not conductive enough or too difficult to process, too brittle, too expensive for higher conductivity. For practical use of conductive composite, the thermal conductivity required depending on the heat releasing mode are studied first for simplified unit cooling geometry to propose thermal conductivities of the composites for reasonable cooling performance comparing with the metal heat sink as a reference. Also, as a practical design for heat sink based on polymer composite, composite and metal sheet hybrid structures are investigated for LED lamp heat sink and audio amplication module housing to find that this hybrid structure can be a good solution considering all of the cooling performance, manufacturing, mechanical performance, cost and weight.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.745-753
• /
• 2016

This paper presents a fully synthesizable low power interconnect bus for millimeter-scale wireless sensor nodes. A segmented ring bus topology minimizes the required chip real estate with low input/output pad count for ultra-small form factors. By avoiding the conventional open drain-based solution, the bus can be fully synthesizable. Low power is achieved by obviating a need for local oscillators in member nodes. Also, aggressive power gating allows low-power standby mode with only 53 gates powered on. An integrated wakeup scheme is compatible with a power management unit that has nW standby mode. A 3-module system including the bus is fabricated in a 180 nm process. The entire system consumes 8 nW in standby mode, and the bus achieves 17.5 pJ/bit/chip.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.35 no.12A
• /
• pp.1097-1104
• /
• 2010

This paper presents the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) estimation based on A-Preamble of IEEE 802.16m IMT-Advanced WiMax system with simulation results. The downlink signal of IEEE 802.16m has two kinds of A-Preambles: the PA-Preamble and the SA-Preamble. This paper proposes the effective method of estimating SNR and SINR with A-Preambles, and also shows that this method can recognize the ICI(Inter-Carrier-Interference) occurrence due to doppler frequency. With the recognition of ICI, the mobile station can save the power by operating 1-tap equalizer in usual cases, and activating ICI mitigation module only when it perceives the ICI occurrence.