• 한국조경학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.37-70
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• 1985

The purpose of this study is to present objective basic data for environmental design by the quantitative analysis of visual quality emboded in physical environment. For this, as for the front garden of high schools, the spatial image was measured by the S.D. Scale Method, Factor Analysis was proceeded by the principal component analysis and the visual preference was investigated by the Paired Comparision Method. The scale values of plain and unpleasant road surface and external appearance of buildings, which are related to emotions of simpleness fell from straightness and stability, were found to be high. But, except for the road surface of Kyunggi High School, scale values of variables explaining the variation of the quality of materials, level of floor and rythm were generally low. For all green spaces, scale values of variables explaining the degree of pleasantness was found to be generally high. And, those explaining tidiness and characteristics of green spaces were not in the same tendency. But, the green spaces of Youngdong High school can be considered to the space with plenty of visual absorption uniqueness were high. As for the correlation between variables, variables for green spaces(12 and 26) and those for overall view of front garden( 1 and 4) revealed high positive correlation. Also, "order - disorder" and "convenient- incovenient" included in road surface variable can be regarded to have the same meaning since the correlation coefficient between them is very high, 0.7045. Image variables including road surface, external appearance of buildings, green spaces and overall view of front garden showed 91.21~61.08% of total variance. Thus, the remains can be considered to be the error valiance or specific variance. In Fctor I, II and III, main components explaining the road surface image of front gardens are order, hardness, texture, color, gradient and rythm. As for the external appearance of b wilding, variables of color, hardness, stability, peculiality and shape revealed high values of factor load. For all variables, communality was drastically high and ellen values and common variance were found to be very high in Factor I. As for the front gardens, variables explaining volume and peculiarity were found to be the main components of Factor I. In Factor II and III, variables of factor load were tidiness, pleasantness.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.109-121
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• 1985

A study on the image identification of urban streetscape is valuable for illuminating identity that is not yet fully approached in the field of environmental design. This analysis of urban streetscape for image identification allows us to make a more detailed exploration of an important approaching methods in dealing with the structural characteristics of identity. As a matter of fact, the earlier indirect studies on this image identification were made by environmental designers, such as architectural and urban designer in the field of environmental perception and came to its environmental cognition & environmental pattern research with assistances by such researchers as K. Lynch A. Rapoport & Christopher Alexander. Through its environmental perception research, we can see its structural characteristics that is aesthetic & visual structural contents of physical environmental elements. And we can see its cognitive characteristics through the environmental cognitive research, that is continuity, territoriality, identity of place, uniqueness or individuality, meaning & symbolism. Through its environmental pattern research, we can see its physical, socio - economic, cultural and symbolic pattern identification contents, that is physical form of the city, style of the street, pattern of streetscape, socio- economic & geographical locality, arid life cycle, life style, common style of the behavior, cultural pattern of the activity, socio - cultural expression of the symbol. In these process, we can set up a set of the environmental design criterias from those three integral studies for identity. And for an environmental research, Tongsung-Ro around the CBD (central business district) in Taegu City was selected for a case study, because this streetscape is suitable for that approaching methods in this study.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.79-89
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• 1999

Recent expansion of urban parks has been partly successful in terms of providing urban outdoor recreation space. Unfortunately we paid very little attention to the importance of providing regional identity to urban parks until recently. Thus one of the most important tasks of the contemporary landscape architects of Korea is to investigate ways to improve regional identity of urban parks. This study is aimed at evaluating how well the current urban parks have realized their own regional identity. To test the effectiveness of the concept of 'identity', the identity items were created, while a research model was developed by using such variables as in urban park identity, park satisfaction, belongingness to the region, and residential satisfaction. In order to test the model, the causations were analyzed. Meanwhile, the scales to evaluating identity were reviewed by means of the unstructures group interview, and were finally determined as 10 items; culture, uniqueness, symbolic, historic nature, homogeneity, harmony, difference, public benefit, nativeness and traditionality. Data from three new towns in the capital region-Bundang, Ilsan and Sanbon-were collected, and their central parks were referred to a questionnaire survey. The data were processed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and path analysis. It was found through this survey that subjects 'sentiments regarding the sample towns' regional identity differed slightly. Residents of Bundang felt the strongest amount of regional identity, followed by those of Ilsan and Sanbon. In addition, the most important scale on regional identity is 'park satisfaction', followed by 'belongingness to the region' and 'residental satisfaction'. The path analysis was conducted to interpret the causations in a more detailed and comprehensive way than correlation analysis. As a result, it was proven that the regional identity affects 'belingingness to region' through the intermediated variable 'park satisfaction', while affecting ' residential satisfaction' through the intermediate variables 'park satisfaction' and 'beligningness to region'. In other words, although the regional identity of a park does not directly affect 'belongingness to region' or 'residental satisfaction', it has indirect effects on them through intermediate variables.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 한국 농촌 경관의 양상을 일반 농촌서민들의 정주공간을 대상으로 살펴보아 1896년 개항 전후를 기준으로 해서 농촌 향토마을경관의 의미를 해석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 토속 경관을 통해 서민들의 정주공간을 대상으로 서민 생활상의 반영체로서의 한국 토속 경관의 양상을 살펴보고자 했다. 본 연구는 한국화, 풍속화의 그림 자료와 문헌, 신문 및 텔레비전 영상자료를 사용하여 토속적 특징이 나타나는 장면을 주 분석대상으로 하여 그 내용을 해석하였다. 한국 내에서 지역별 특징적 토속 경관들이 하나둘씩 사라지고 있으며, 그로 인해 토속 경관의 지역 간 차별성이 사라지고 있다. 한국 농촌경관은 시대에 따라 변모했음을 알 수 있다. 한국은 짧은 시간 안에 다양한 농촌 경관이 형성되었으며, 과거 전통적인 농촌경관은 거의 전적으로 자연에 의존 지향적이며, 현대로 진행될수록 사람의 의지가 생활환경에 강하게 표현되고 있다. 이와 같이 서민의 정주환경에서 나타나는 한국의 농촌 경관은 한국전통의 것에서 많이 변화되었지만, 어느 나라의 것과도 매우 다른 우리만의 고유경관으로 나타나고 있다.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.28-38
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• 2018

본 연구는 고보리 엔슈(小堀遠州)의 정원이 그때까지 조성되어 온 기존의 일본 정원양식과는 다르다는 것을 분석하여 그의 독특한 작법(作法)이 무엇인지를 규명하기 위한 목적을 가진다. 고보리 엔슈는 기존의 가레산스이 정원이 돌과 모래를 재료로 조성되는 양식적 틀에서 벗어난 새로운 가레산스이 양식을 창안하였다. 그는 사쯔키철쭉을 강전정하여 돌과 조화를 이루도록 연출하였는데, 이러한 엔슈의 작법은 키레이사비(綺麗)라는 미적원리에서 비롯되었다. 그러한 까닭에 엔슈의 정원은 일견 화려하면서도 단순한 정원미를 보이는데, 이것 역시 그가 창안한 독창적인 정원기법이다. 고보리 엔슈가 창안한 특유의 정원양식은 새로운 것은 추구하던 에도(江戶)시대의 사람들의 문화의식과 공가(公家) 문화가 확산되는 문화적 바탕이 작용하였기 때문에 가능하였던 것으로 보인다. 그러한 연유 때문인지 고보리 엔슈는 의식을 위한 형식적 차원의 정원보다는 관상 위주의 정원을 설계하고 조성하였다. 본 연구에서는 고보리 엔슈가 작정한 라이큐지(?久寺), 다이치지(大池寺), 쇼덴지(正傳寺), 난젠지호죠(南禪寺方丈), 곤치인(金地院)을 대상으로 정원의 위치, 정원의 도입요소, 정원의 구성, 정원의 배경, 돌의 사용, 식물, 경관을 고찰하여 고보리 엔슈 정원의 독창성을 규명하였다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.66-79
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• 2016

본고는 정원 공간에 내재된 시간의 다원성에 대해 역대 시공간 이론을 다루면서 정원 공간에 적합한 시공간 이론 구축을 시도하였다. 구축된 이론을 바탕으로 문헌 분석을 통해 데릭 저먼의 정원을 대상으로 정원 공간의 객관적인 시간과 주관적인 시간, 이 두 가지에 초점을 두어 정원 공간의 내밀성을 분석하였다. 정원 공간에 속하는 시간을 객관적인 시간과 주관적인 시간으로 구분하였는데, 객관적인 시간은 생태적인 시간, 즉 지속성을 갖는 양화된 시간을 말하는 것이고, 주관적인 시간은 인간 주체의 의식에 따라 변하는 시간을 가리킨다. 또한 인간 주체의 감각에 의해 감정화된 시간도 포함한다. 우선 객관적인 시간의 관점에서 저먼의 정원 공간에 대해 해석하였다. 객관적인 시간 안에서 정원의 현재 공간 속에 저먼 개인의 감정에 따라 정원은 하나의 감성 공간으로 변모하면서 공간의 다층적인 속성을 보인다. 따라서 객관적인 시간 속에 존재하는 정원 공간은 결국 객관적이지 않고 인간 주체의 능동적인 감수에 따라 변모한다. 다음으로 주관적인 시간의 관점에서 저먼의 정원 공간을 고찰하였다. 저먼의 추억 속에 잠긴 정원 공간과 미래의 허상 속에서 연출되는 정원 공간은 저먼의 상상이나 자각에 따라 풍부한 의미를 내포한 공간으로 형성된다. 그러므로 주관적인 시간 속에서 정원 공간은 저먼의 의식에 따라 변모한다. 이상 연구를 통해 시간이 객관적인가 주관적인가의 여부에 관계없이 정원 공간은 물리적인 공간의 존재를 넘어서 인간주체의 의식이나 감정에 따라 무한한 공간을 연출할 수 있다는 것을 밝혔다. 정원 공간은 도시 공간과 달리 독특한 내밀성을 지닌 공간이기 때문에 본고는 기존의 정원 연구방법과 다른 시도를 통해 정원 공간의 독특성을 제시하여 보았다.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.5-25
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• 2016

본 연구는 9개 도 지자체 "기록관리기준표"의 현황을 조사 분석하고 향후 지자체 "기록관리기준표"의 단위과제 및 보존기간 설정을 위한 개선방안 제시를 목적으로 진행하였다. 이를 위해 문헌연구, 사례연구, 전문가 평가 방법을 이용하여 국내의 공공기록물 체계와 지자체의 기록물 평가체계를 조사하고 사례연구를 통해 9개 도 "기록관리기준표" 대기능 '건설건축'을 대상으로 단위과제와 보존기간의 현황 조사와 3개 도 이상에서 사용되고 있는 단위과제와 보존기간을 비교분석을 진행하여 단위과제와 보존기간의 특징과 문제점을 도출하였다. 사례연구를 통해 얻은 결과를 바탕으로 새로운 단위과제와 보존기간을 개발하였고 실무자와 전문가를 대상으로 전문가 평가를 진행하여 최종적으로 수정 설계안을 제시하였다. "기록관리기준표" 대기능 '건설건축' 수정 설계안으로 4개의 중기능 항목과 4개 도이상 운영되고 있는 소기능 18개 항목, 47개의 단위과제 항목을 제시하여 총 69개의 항목을 전개하였다. 본 연구는 향후 지자체 공공기록물의 독자성과 고유성, 기관의 업무 기능과 조직에 근거한 "기록관리기준표" 제정을 위한 참고 지침으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.88-99
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• 2015

As architecture is designed for humans to live in based on practicality, what one experiences within such spaces is important. Such experiences are not felt only by appreciating the structure's appearance, but involve physical presence inside the space and the deepening of the individuals relationship with the space through the body's sensory perception. However, in modern times there is a much greater tendency to rely on superficial experiences by way of images or tastes rather than more meaningful human participation, while the standardization of the object universe is gradually erasing the uniqueness of experience. In light of this, the restoration of emotional and sensory spatial experiences through the design of sensory spaces can be regarded as an important task in modern spatial design. This study contemplated the meaning of emotional spatial experiences through a phenomenological understanding of such experiences, and analyzed the meaning and main factors in the creation of spatial atmosphere as a phenomenon of spatial experience. In addition, we highlighted the fact that spatial atmosphere can be applied as space design methodology by devising methods of expression through an analysis of actual examples. O.F. Bollnow's space theory and the spatial design of Peter Zumthor were the subjects of this analysis. The spatial atmosphere analyzed using Bullnow's theory is a phenomenon in which both the human and space are connected and the ensuing spatial experience embodies the emotions of both. This spatial atmosphere can be understood as a condition in which the human and space are fused together. Furthermore, coincidental/accidental meeting, mediums using potential objects, reorganization of the center due to autonomous boundaries, as well as the three temporalities were identified as the main factors in the creation of spatial atmosphere. Based on this analysis, through the identification of methods of expression for spatial atmosphere in Zumthor's spaces.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.68-78
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• 2015

Nendo, which was established in Tokyo in 2002, is a design company established by Oki Sato, which is gaining reputation as a new design group representing Japan through numerous design tasks encompassing diverse design sectors, such as architecture, interior, furniture, graphic, and products. This study was conducted to investigate the formative features of Nendo furniture by reviewing 133 pieces of Nendo furniture designed for the last ten years and identify the general characteristics of Nendo furniture by reviewing the time of launch, product launch type, and furniture type. As a result, the design features of Nendo furniture are as follows: First, the shapes of basic materials including boards, lumber, and bars are maintained intact and Nendo furniture has simple and moderate design without complicated or decorative elements. Second, Nendo furniture has simply embodied a design characterized by simple transformation, minimization of furniture elements, and rearrangement. Third, Nendo presents new and simple furniture differentiated from other pieces of furniture using optical illusions. Such expressions of optical illusions which are hardly found in preexisting furniture are a major feature of Nendo furniture. Fourth, a majority of chairs of Nendo cause optical illusions with the minimized size. In addition, their top boards made of transparent glass and mirror cause optical illusions with the properties of materials. In short, design of Nendo furniture is characterized by formative expressions, expressions of optical illusions, and differentiated use of materials. Fifth, Nendo keeps launching new furniture items in various exhibitions. As a result, Nendo makes furniture with its own unique characteristics based on its diverse studies and experiments which are applied to furniture design in a realistic way. In summary, design of Nendo furniture is characterized by simply embodied design based on small differences in daily life, minimalism with simple and moderate shapes, and its own witty uniqueness based on formative expressions, expressions of optical illusions, and use of materials differentiated from other furniture brands.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.238-246
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• 2006

Renzo Piano was first introduced to us when he got together with Richard Rogers and won the Grand Prize on Center George Pompidou Competition in Paris. Since then, he designed number of world renowned museum architecture such as Menil Collection & Museum, The Cy Twombly Gallery, Beyeler Foundation Museum, and most recently the New Pavilion of High Museum of Art. His museum design, in particular, showed very consistent feature which is differentiating the 'Served Space(exhibition area) and the Servant Space(service core or mechanical system area)'. In addition, the way he treats natural light as a special feature within his museum space was nicely done and it is remarkable both in design and engineering side; he always designed a very unique roof structure system to give life and to simulate emotion of light within the space. These are just a few points of his special design characteristics which differentiate him from the rest of the architect working today. While interested by works of Renzo Piano, we found that his work had very close relationship to Louis I. Kahn's design. Specially the way Renzo Piano differentiating serving and servant space and the way he treating natural light. Therefore, the purpose of study is focused on providing typology of museum exhibition organization as well as finding evidence of Louis I. Kahn's influence and concept he has shown in his museum projects through actual site visits and reference research. The method of research was as the following; first to find typology and its characteristics of exhibition space organization of all Renzo Piano's museum projects. Secondly to distinguish projects which show 'differentiated servant and served space'. As the result of this study, it was clear that Renzo Piano had influence of Louis I. Kahn on adopting 'Servant and Served Space' concept. But the research concluded with the facts to approve the uniqueness of Renzo Piane's design concept.