• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.738-745
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• 2009

Underwater acoustic communication has multipath error because of reflection by sea-level and sea-bottom. The multipath of underwater channel causes receive signal to make error floor. In this paper, we propose the underwater communication system using various channel coding schemes such as RS coding, convolutional code, turbo code and concatenated code for overcoming the multipath effect in underwater channel. As shown in simulation results, characteristic of multipath error is similar to that of random error. So interleaver has not effect on error correcting. For correcting of error floor by multipath, it is necessary to use strong channel codes like turbo code. Turbo code is one of the iterative codes. And the performance of concatenated codes including RS code has better performance than using singular channel codes.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.426-431
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 수중 채널 환경에서 초음파 통신의 성능 및 효율을 향상시키기 위하여 MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output) 용 수중 벡터 채널 모델링을 연구하였으며, 이를 이용한 MIMO 기법의 성능을 분석하였다. 수중 MIMO 채널 모델링을 위하여 실해역 환경에서 측정을 수행하였으며, 측정된 데이터를 분석하여 수중 채널 환경에서의 페이딩, 도플러, 시간지연, 도달각, 수신전력 등의 파라미터 값을 추정하였고, 이를 이용한 MIMO용 수중 벡터 채널 모델링을 수행하였다. 또한 제안된 채널 모델링을 이용하여 수중 MIMO 시스템의 성능을 분석하였으며, 성능 분석 결과 수중에서 MIMO 기법을 사용하는 경우 같은 SNR에 대해 비트 에러 율이 크게 감소함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2007년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.165-169
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• 2007

Due to the complexity of underwater acoustic channel, signal estimation in underwater acoustic communication field is considerably affected from time-varying multipath fading channels. On this reason, the original signals should have many long training signals to estimate the channel and the purposed signals, and the bit rate of signals having information may have small rate. In order to avoid this loss of efficiency in underwater communication, this paper employed a blind channel identification method which don't use training signals. Simulations have predicted performance of the employed method in multipath environment and an aquatic plant experiment has verified the simulation results.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2013

심벌 간 간섭은 천해 수중 음향 채널에서 신뢰성 있는 고속 데이터 통신을 방해하는 주된 장해 요인 중의 하나이다. 이 논문은 수중 음향 통신 시스템에서 심벌 간 간섭을 완화시키기 위한 방법으로서 사용되는 적응 등화기의 시뮬레이션에 대하여 연구한다. 수중 채널은 다중 경로의 중첩으로 모델링하는데, 각 경로의 길이와 상대적 지연은 채널 기하로부터 계산된다. 이 채널 모델을 기반으로 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 천해 수중 음향 채널에서 적응 등화기의 성능을 탐구한다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2010

In underwater acoustic communication, acoustic signals from transducers or hydrophones are used. And the underwater acoustic communication channels are very complicated, because of vertical distribution of acoustic velocity according depths, and reflections from boundaries like as surface or bottom. For the implementation of the underwater acoustic communication channel, the image method or ray tracing method have been used. In this paper, we introduce a new approach for implementation of underwater acoustic communication channel using the simulation of the Transmission Line Matrix Modeling and cross-correlations from the input and output signals.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제53권7호
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• pp.144-149
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 수중 음향 채널 모델에서 QPSK(Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) 모뎀의 성능을 분석한다. 수중음향채널의 배경잡음과 다양한 환경 파라메터는 수중모뎀의 비트오류율(BER:Bit Error Rate) 성능을 저하시키는 원인이다. 본 논문에서는 이론적인 수중채널모델에서 비부호화된 QPSK와 부호율 2/3의 길쌈부호기를 사용한 부호화된 QPSK의 BER 성능을 분석한다. 수중 음향 통신 시스템의 성능을 개선하기 위해서 파일럿 심볼 기반의 채널 등화 방식을 적용하였다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2008

Underwater acoustic(UWA) communication is one of the most difficult field in terms of severe channel environments such as multipath propagation, high temporal and spatial variability of channel conditions. Therefore, it is important to model and analyze the characteristics of underwater acoustic channel such as multipath propagation, transmission loss, reverberation, and ambient noise. In this paper, UWA communication channel is modeled with a ray tracing method and applied to image transmission. Quadrature phase shift keying(QPSK) and multichannel decision feedback equalizer(DFE) are utilized as phase-coherent modulation method and equalization technique, respectively. The objective is to improve the performance of the image transmission using vertical sensor array instead of single sensor in the viewpoint of bit error rate(BER), constellation diagram, and received image quality.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2011

The need of data transmission in oceans and other underwater mediums are increasing day by day, so as the research. The underwater medium is very different from that of air. Propagation of electromagnetic wave in water or underground is very difficult because of the conductivity of the propagation materials. In this case, we usually use acoustic signals as ultrasonic but, they are not easy to transfer long distance with coherent method because of time varying multipaths, Doppler effects and attenuations. So, we use non-coherent methods such as FSK or ASK to communicate between long distances. But, as the propagation speed of acoustic wave is very slow, BW of the channel is narrow. It is very hard to guaranty the enough speed for the transmission of digital image data. In previous studies, we proposed this data communication protocol theoretically. In this paper, an underwater channel is modeled and this protocol is tested in this channel condition. The results show that the protocol is 4-6 times faster than ASK. Some relations and results are shown depending on the data length, channel length, bit rate etc.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.379-393
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• 2023

Underwater communication (UWC) is widely used in coastal surveillance and early warning systems. Precise channel estimation is vital for efficient and reliable UWC. The sparse direct-adaptive filtering algorithms have become popular in UWC. Herein, we present an improved adaptive convex-combination method for the identification of sparse structures using a reweighted normalized leastmean-square (RNLMS) algorithm. Moreover, to make RNLMS algorithm independent of the reweighted l₁-norm parameter, a modified sparsity-aware adaptive zero-attracting RNLMS (AZA-RNLMS) algorithm is introduced to ensure accurate modeling. In addition, we present a quantitative analysis of this algorithm to evaluate the convergence speed and accuracy. Furthermore, we derive an excess mean-square-error expression that proves that the AZA-RNLMS algorithm performs better for the harsh underwater channel. The measured data from the experimental channel of SPACE08 is used for simulation, and results are presented to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm. The simulation results confirm that the proposed algorithm for underwater channel estimation performs better than the earlier schemes.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제52권10호
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• pp.148-158
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• 2015

수중음향 채널환경에서 운영되는 검파시스템 성능분석은 실험의 제약으로 인해 모의 도구를 활용하여 시스템 성능을 결정한다. 본 논문은 수중음향 채널에 대한 탐지 효과도 분석을 위하여 수중환경 데이터베이스를 기반 수중음향 탐지 효과도 분석 모의 도구를 제안한다. 먼저, HYCOM 수중환경 데이터베이스 기반으로 수중 환경을 구축하고, 음선이론을 이용하여 수중음향 전달 경로/음압 계산을 통한 다중경로 지연 특성을 고려하였다. 또한, 실 환경에서 발생하는 수중 잡음 특성을 반영하기 위해 운용 주파수에 따른 수중청음기/수중음향 채널 잡음 특성인 열잡음/수중 주변 잡음을 적용하였다.