• 한국정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보시스템학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 발표 논문집
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• pp.359-366
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• 2005

As the ubiquitous computing technology (uT) is prevailing, applying uT is more likely to transform the legacy way of doing business to a new way with the goals of ubiquitous computing: strategic use of information resources by using them everywhere, every time, with any devices for any services. These opportunities naturally require the provision to assess the degree of the transformation from the legacy IT-based e-business to the uT-based business. However, research about assessing the degree of u-transformation has been still very few. Moreover, even deciding what is ubiquitous or not is obscure. Hence, this paper aims to propose the methodology for assessing the degree of u-transformation oriented by the teleology of ubiquitous service, which intends to fully make use of uT in creating new business of next generation. Through the literature review, we developed the methodology to check whether the provided service is ubiquitous or not based on the capabilities that technologies have. and then, the methodology developed to assess the technical requirements that the uT should have when the transformation is considered through the focus group interview based on the literature review of the capability. A two-layered approach is introduced to assess not only the level of ubiquity but also the degree of u-transformation.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2001

In this paper, we show the existence of open subsets U of $S^3$ which admit a C-transformation onto the interior of $B^3$. Let U be an open set which is homeomorphic to the interior of $B^3$. Then, we prove that if U has a pseudo general polyhedral prime end structure then U admits a C-transformation.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2019

This study explores the causes and processes of morphological transformation of apartment complexes in Busan. All apartment complexes built until the year 2016 were selected for statistical analysis, drawing/map examination, field observation, selected expert interviews based on 6 periodical groups: Period I(~1990), Period II(1991~1995), Period III(1996~2000), Period IV(2001~2005), Period V(2006~2010), and Period VI(2011~2016). The research argues for three 'arrangement' types, P1U, L1U and P2U, which have dominated the whole periods occupying 88% of the total 260 complexes. The switch of the leading type represents for morphological transformation of apartment complexes. Four aspects, density(F.A.R.), height(maximum number of floors), deformed-building-type ratio, and building-orientation, have affected the change of 'arrangement' types. Density was the major cause of the arrangement-type switch, from P1U to L1U, on Period II(1991~1995). The morphological change, from type L1U to P2U, on Period V(2006~2010) was caused by height and orientation, and is correlated with the increased number of deformed-type buildings. The first phase morphological change on Period II(1991~1995) was resulted by the supply side of apartment. However, the second phase transformation on Period V(2006~2010) had gone through the complex process including reflection of consumers' demands. The significance of research is to reveal the morphological transformation process of apartment complexes through analytical investigation of the entire apartment data in Busan. The result shows that the major change of urban paysage started to occur from Period V(2006~2010), and the superficial evaluation on apartment 'being monotonous and repetitive' may not be proper at least from the perspective of town plan.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.383-392
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• 2009

The static and dynamic analyses of simply supported beams are studied by using the U-transformation method and the finite difference method. When the beam is divided into the mesh of equal elements, the mesh may be treated as a periodic structure. After an equivalent cyclic periodic system is established, the difference governing equation for such an equivalent system can be uncoupled by applying the U-transformation. Therefore, a set of single-degree-of-freedom equations is formed. These equations can be used to obtain exact analytical solutions of the deflections, bending moments, buckling loads, natural frequencies and dynamic responses of the beam subjected to particular loads or excitations. When the number of elements approaches to infinity, the exact error expression and the exact convergence rates of the difference solutions are obtained. These exact results cannot be easily derived if other methods are used instead.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2009

In the present investigation sufficient conditions are found for certain subclass of normalized analytic functions defined by Hadamard product. Differential sandwich theorems are also obtained. As a special case of this we obtain results involving Ruscheweyh derivative, S$\u{a}$l$\u{a}$gean derivative, Carlson-shaffer operator, Dziok-Srivatsava linear operator, Multiplier transformation.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2011

In this research paper, motivated by the extension of the Euler type I transformation obtained very recently by Rathie and Paris, the authors aim at presenting the extensions of Euler type II transformation. In addition to this, a natural extension of the classical Saalsch$\ddot{u}$tz's summation theorem for the series $_3F_2$ has been investigated. Two interesting applications of the newly obtained extension of classical Saalsch$\ddot{u}$tz's summation theorem are given.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회 논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2009

u-GIS 환경에서는 센서 네트워크를 통해 필요한 공간 데이터를 수집하고 이를 실시간 처리 및 가공 또는 기 저장되어 있는 정보와 함께 유통된다. 웹 기반 응용서비스 등에서 인터넷 망을 통한 정보가 요청되는 경우 표준 문서인 XML로 전달된다. 특히 요청되는 정보에 공간 데이터가 포함되는 경우 공간데이터 처리가 가능한 GML, S-XML 등의 문서가 사용된다. 이 과정에서 DSMS에서와 같이 실시간 처리된 스트림데이터는 S-XML 문서 형태로 변환되고, 웹 기반의 공간정보 응용서비스는 인터넷 망을 통해 S-XML 문서를 전달받는다. 대부분의 공간정보 응용서비스는 저장시스템으로 기존의 공간 데이터베이스 관리 시스템을 사용하기 때문에 S-XML 데이터와 SDBMS에서 사용되는 데이터간의 상호 변환과정이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 공간 데이터의 캐싱을 이용한 S-XML 변환 기법을 제안한다. 제안 기법은 공간 정보유통을 위한 S-XML과 관계형 공간 데이터베이스와의 효율적인 변환을 위해, S-XML에서 공간 데이터에 해당하는 부분을 캐싱하고, 동일 지역의 공간데이터에 대한 변환이 요구될 경우 캐시 데이터를 재사용하여 별도의 변환 비용 없이 변환한다. 제안 기법을 통해 u-GIS 환경에서 공간정보의 유통을 위한 S-XML 문서와 이를 이용하는 웹 기반 공간정보 응용서비스 사이의 변환 비용을 감소하였으며, 성능평가를 통하여 질의 처리 성능이 향상됨을 보인다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제35권1_2호
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• pp.59-74
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• 2017

A radio labeling of a graph G is a function $f:V(G){\rightarrow}\{1,2,{\ldots},k\}$ with the property that ${\mid}f(u)-f(v){\mid}{\geq}1+diam(G)-d(u,v)$ for every pair of vertices $u,v{\in}V(G)$, where diam(G) and d(u, v) are diameter and distance between u and v in the graph G respectively. The radio number of a graph G, denoted by rn(G), is the smallest integer k such that G admits a radio labeling. In this paper, we completely determine radio number of all transformation graphs of a path.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.517-527
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• 1998

This paper describes an exact method of analysis for natural vibration of diagonal networks by considering an equivalent cyclic periodic structure and adopting the double U-transformation technique. Both a lumped mass system and a distributed mass system are considered to investigate the diagonal networks. The exact solution for the frequency equations and the natural modes of the networks can be derived. As numerical examples, square diagonal cable networks with different meshes are worked out.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.241-245
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• 2007

This study was conducted to determine the optimal conditions for introduction of exogenous DNA into Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Of the three transformation techniques studied, electroporation, ultrasonic transformation and natural transformation, natural transformation showed the highest efficiency. Additionally, this study demonstrated that the higher plasmid concentration and longer homologous recombining fragments resulted in a greater number of transformants. For successful transformation, the lowest concentration of plasmid was $0.02\;{\mu}g/ml$, and the shortest homologous recombining fragment was 0.2 kb. Use of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in the logarithmic growth phase resulted in two-fold higher transformation rate than that of the same organism when cells in the latent phase or the plateau phase were used for transformation. Pretreatment of the host strain, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, with EDTA (2 mM) for two days prior to transformation increased the transformation efficiency by 23%. Additionally, incubation of the cells and DNA for 5 h under light conditions increased the transformation efficiency by two orders of magnitude. Moreover, recovery treatment of the cells before they were plated onto antibiotic medium also increased the transformation efficiency.