• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.191-208
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• 2021

In this study, the status of damage by subterranean termites and their management according to the region and type of domestic wooden cultural properties were identified. This was based on the survey reports of agencies conducting regular nationwide and regional monitoring of subterranean termites. In addition, using geographical information system (GIS) based on the survey contents, a map was constructed of termite infestation and its progress on 2,805 wooden cultural properties that were surveyed nationwide. Based on the map produced, a total of 486 cases of termite infestation were confirmed in wooden cultural properties during 2018-2019, of which 143 cases (approximately 29.4%) were confirmed to be owing to the invasion of termites in the ground and infestation of wood materials. A web platform and an application using a mapping application program interface were created to increase accessibility to the investigated damage status data. The methods employed by each institution for investigating and monitoring the invasion of termites in the ground included the use of detection dogs, visual observation, installation of wood specimens made of pine, and microwave equipment. However, it was confirmed that monitoring and survey methods were not applied to determine the territorial range of the subterranean termite colonies. Accordingly, the use of dyeing and mark-release-recapture methods were deemed necessary to understand the current status, such as calculating the scope of the target wooden cultural property, when monitoring subterranean termite colonies.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

Sand compaction pile (SCP) is a ground improvement method which is used to secure the stability of the soft ground by using a type of replacement pile filled with coarse grained material. The behavior characteristics of the SCP, which is frequently used for improving both the onshore and offshore ground, is governed by the ground condition, the installation method, and replacement ratio. Therefore, the stability of the SCP in terms of the bearing capacity and displacement needs to be evaluated considering both the design values and in-situ conditions of construction site. In this study, numerical analysis is carried out based on the conditions of 00 revetment construction site in South Korea where unexpected displacement occurred during construction of SCP. Based on the analysis results, the displacement of the revetment structure according to the replacement ratio of the SCP was compared to the result calculated from design formulas. The results showed that the lateral displacement can be exceeded the reference value from proposed criteria regardless of increased replacement ratio of SPC. It is also confirmed that the behavior of the structure according to the replacement ratio of SPC in not reflected in the existing calculation methods. Therefore, the stability of the SCP composite ground should be examined through the site inspection after the SCP construction.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.268-272
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the labor saving cultivation of C. auriculatum, which has much bigger root than local variety C. wilfordii, and tested three nonsupporting methods, i.e., untreated control, top pinching, and cutting of branch-top compared with I type stake. Top growth was more vigorous in staking cultivation than in nonsupporting cultivations. Among nonsupporting methods, main vine length and total length of main vines per plant were increased in order of untreated control > top pinching > cutting of branch-top, while the opposite is true to diameter of main vein. Number of leaves per plant was lower, but leaf length and leaf width were higher in cutting of branch-top than in other nonsupporting methods. Number of branched root and diameter of main root were bigger in cutting of branch-top and in staking cultivation, while length of main root and diameter of branched root were greater in staking cultivation and in top pinching than in other treatments. Although yield of marketable root per 10a was $17.9{\sim}22.6%$ lower, income was $8%{\sim}17%$ higher in nonsupporting methods than in staking cultivation by cost saving to staking installation. Among nonsupporting methods, yield of marketable root and income were 6% and 8% higher in cutting of branch-top than in untreated control, respectively.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.418-426
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• 2019

Purpose: After analyzing the seismic capability of low-rise RC grid structures with insufficient seismic performance, the purpose of the project is to install steel slab hysteretic dampers (SSHD) to improve the seismic performance of beams and columns, and to suggest measures to minimize damage to the structure and human damage when an earthquake occurs. Method: The evaluation of the seismic performance of a structure is reviewed based on the assumption that the seismic performance is identified for the grid-type subway systems that are not designed to be seismic resistant and the installation of an SSHD system, a method that minimizes construction period, if insufficient, is required. Result: After the application and reinforce of structure with SSHD, and the results of eigenvalue analysis are as follows. The natural periodicity of longitudinal direction was 0.55s and that of vertical direction was 0.58s. Conclusion: As results of cyclic load test of structure with SSHD, the shear rigidity of damper is 101%, the energy dissipation rate is 108% and, plastic rotation angle of all column and beam is satisfied for $I_o$ level and therefore it is judged that the reinforce effect is sufficient.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.243-254
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• 2021

This study analyzed the abuse of authority among the types of power abuse in educational institutions in order to create an educational climate in which democracy and equality are respected and to create a better education and an equal society. First, we analyzed the concept and cause of power abuse through literature research, and then explored the cases of members of educational institutions according to the type of abuse of authority through qualitative research to derive implications. As a result, abuse of authority within educational institutions were found as follows: additional work without consultation, transfer of duties, coercive and unilateral instructions using status, instructions violating laws and guidelines, private instructions for personal convenience, specific institutions, personal rights, and privacy. Based on this analysis, a policy was proposed. First, an agreed standard for abuse of authority, an institutional mechanism to mediate conflicts and complaints over abuse of authority, mandatory installation and legislation of the best decision body, active and transparent disclosure of information, and a shift to open and listening administration are needed. Second, analyzing and seeking ways to reduce overuse of authority in educational institutions will be the cornerstone for leading education's democracy and equality by creating a culture of mutual respect and communication among members of the organization. Hope that follow-up studies will be carried out and that the Gap-jil in educational institutions will be reduced to create a better educational environment.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 1998

Choanal atresia may be membrane or bony, unilateral or bilateral. Approximately 90% of the choanal atresia are bony type. Unilateral choanal atresia often eludes the diagnosis because of the absence of subjective symptoms in the neonatal period. However, bilateral choanal atresia presents at birth with cyclic respiratory distress aggravated by feedings. So complete bilateral choanal atresia is considered as a neonatal emergency. Examinations for the diagnosis of chonal atresia include 1) attempt at passing a rubber catheter or probe through the patient s nose, 2) mirror examination of the nasopharynx, 3) digital examination of the nasopharynx, 4) X-ray examination after installation of radiopaque materal into the nasal cavity. But, computed tomography has become accepted method for evaluation of choanal atresia. Surgical repair of choanal atresia is accomplished via transnasal or transpalatal approach. Advantages of the transpalatal approach are improved exposure and the preservation of mucosal flap along the newly formed apertures. On the other hand, the transpalatal approach carries the risk of injury to the greater palatine neurovascular complex, and requires longer operative time. After careful physical and radiographic examinations, we accomplished the surgical repair of the complete bony bilateral choanal atresia via transpalatal approach without complications.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.111-121
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• 2001

Rockfall protection fences are used for diminishing rockfall damage in roads side slopes. In order to install the fences in effective way, the conditions of rock slopes and total predicted impact energy of fa11ing rock should be considered. However, the fences have been constructed without any consideration for lithology, height and slope angle of rock slope in Korea. In addition, the information about the performance of the protection fences, which should be evaluated by in-situ test or laboratory test in order to check out the practical use in the field, is not available. Therefore, in design manual for the rockfall protection fence, the specific details for the installation of this type of fence are not provided yet. The full sized rockfall in situ test was carried out for the calculation of falling energy of rock and the evaluation of the maximum energy absorbing capacity of fence. For this test, the rock slopes whose heights are about 20 m and dip angle of 65 degree, have been chosen. This is because those geometries are mean height and slope angle of most road cut slopes along Korean national highway. Based on the preliminary simulation procedure, four different sizes of concrete ball (0.7, 1.3, 2.3 and 4.3 ton) were prepared and flour different types of protection fence were constructed. The results of this test provide information about the maximum energy absorbing capacity of the fence, kinetic energy of rockfall and restitution coefficient, and these results can be utilized in the establishment of rockfall fence design and construction manual.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.242-250
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of fibronectin and oxysterol immobilized on machined-surface dental implants for the enhancement of cell attachment and osteogenic differentiation, on peri-implant bone healing in the early healing phase using an experimental model in dogs. Methods: Five types of dental implants were installed at a healed alveolar ridge in five dogs: a machined-surface implant (MI), apatite-coated MI (AMI), fibronectin-loaded AMI (FAMI), oxysterol-loaded AMI (OAMI), and sand-blasted, large-grit, acid-etched surface implant (SLAI). A randomly selected unilateral ridge was observed for 2 weeks, and the contralateral ridge for a 4-week period. Histologic and histometric analyses were performed for the bone-to-implant contact proportion (BIC) and bone density around the dental implant surface. Results: Different bone healing patterns were observed according to the type of implant surface 2 weeks after installation; newly formed bone continuously lined the entire surfaces in specimens of the FAMI and SLAI groups, whereas bony trabecula from adjacent bone tissue appeared with minimal new bone lining onto the surface in the MI, AMI, and OAMI groups. Histometric results revealed a significant reduction in the BIC in MI, AMI, and OAMI compared to SLAI, but FAMI demonstrated a comparable BIC with SLAI. Although both the BIC and bone density increased from a 2- to 4-week healing period, bone density showed no significant difference among any of the experimental and control groups. Conclusions: A fibronectin-coated implant surface designed for cell adhesion could increase contact osteogenesis in the early bone healing phase, but an oxysterol-coated implant surface designed for osteoinductivity could not modify early bone healing around implants in normal bone physiology.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.301-306
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• 2020

The vertical garden is an environment where plants have many limitations in their growth. In particular, the upper and lower parts of the foundation are characterized by unbalanced moisture distribution. And although it may vary depending on the installation location of the light, generally the base of the light is not in desperate need for plants to grow due to shade. The purpose of this study was to identify the physical characteristics of the vertical garden based on Felt through experiments, classify the location characteristics of the media, and suggest the method of installing the water quantity water frequency, and lighting according to the location characteristics of the foundation. As a result, it was found to be most appropriate to use a 4mm base for the vertical garden and to have an irrigation of about 10 minutes once every 6 hours. In addition, it was found that in order to create a light condition for sufficient growth of plants, light bulbs should be installed at the upper and lower parts of the foundation. As a result of irrigation and lighting tests, the results of the above-mentioned plants need to be referred to in selecting plants that are introduced to vertical gardens, as the results show that the upper part of the foundation has a lower moisture rate and a stronger light than the lower part, and the lower part has a higher moisture rate and a weaker light than the upper part. In the future, we would like to present more accurate methods of selecting and maintaining plants by conducting plant experiments using the underlying characteristics found in this study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.321-331
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• 2017

The objective of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the pedestrian accidents of roundabout near schools. To this end, this study has focus on the comparative analysis of pedestrian accidents across different school areas. The traffic accident data from 2007 to 2014 are collected from TAAS data set of Road Traffic Authority. To develop the pedestrian accident rate model, the linear regression model has been utilized in this study. 28 explanatory variables such as geometry and traffic volume factors are used. The main results are summarized as follows. First, the null hypotheses that the number of pedestrian accidents are the same are rejected. Second, 5 multiple linear regression accident models with higher statistical significance (adjusted $R^2$ of 0.651~0.788) have been developed. Third, while the common variables of 3 models (model I~III) related to school location are evaluated to be the pedestrian island, crosswalk, types of roundabout, elementary school and bus stop. Fourth, while the common variable of 3 models (model III~V) related to near school area or not is evaluated to be pedestrian island, type of roundabout, sidewalk, elementary school, speed hump, speed limit sign and number of entry lane. As a result, the installation of pedestrian islands and crosswalk might be expected to decrease the number of pedestrian accidents near schools.