• 제목/요약/키워드: Two transformer

검색결과 552건 처리시간 0.022초

Self-Attention 시각화를 사용한 기계번역 서비스의 번역 오류 요인 설명 (Explaining the Translation Error Factors of Machine Translation Services Using Self-Attention Visualization)

  • 장청롱;안현철
    • 한국IT서비스학회지
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.85-95
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    • 2022
  • This study analyzed the translation error factors of machine translation services such as Naver Papago and Google Translate through Self-Attention path visualization. Self-Attention is a key method of the Transformer and BERT NLP models and recently widely used in machine translation. We propose a method to explain translation error factors of machine translation algorithms by comparison the Self-Attention paths between ST(source text) and ST'(transformed ST) of which meaning is not changed, but the translation output is more accurate. Through this method, it is possible to gain explainability to analyze a machine translation algorithm's inside process, which is invisible like a black box. In our experiment, it was possible to explore the factors that caused translation errors by analyzing the difference in key word's attention path. The study used the XLM-RoBERTa multilingual NLP model provided by exBERT for Self-Attention visualization, and it was applied to two examples of Korean-Chinese and Korean-English translations.

경부고속철도 시험선 구간의 고조파예측 및 측정분석 (Prediction and Measurement for Harmonics on the Test Track of Seoul-Pusan High-speed Railway)

  • K. H. Oh;Lee, C. M.;M. S. Han;Lee, K. W.;K. S. Kwon;S. H. Chang;Kim, K. S.
    • 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국철도학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.100-107
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    • 2000
  • This paper proposes a new model for harmonic analysis in 2${\times}$25㎸ traction power supply system including inverted feeder, contact line, rails and auto-transformer. The system model is based on four-port representation which is an extension of two-port network theory. In order to verify the proposed approach, we have analysed and tested real traction power feeding system focused on the amplification of harmonic current. The calculation results front tile proposed approach and the measurement data from the test are widely described in the paper.

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트랜스포머를 이용한 중국어 NER 관련 문자와 단어 통합 임배딩 (Integrated Char-Word Embedding on Chinese NER using Transformer)

  • 김춘광;조인휘
    • 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정보처리학회 2021년도 춘계학술발표대회
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    • pp.415-417
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    • 2021
  • Since the words and words in Chinese sentences are continuous and the length of vocabulary is huge, Chinese NER(Named Entity Recognition) always based on character representation. In recent years, many Chinese research has been reconsidered how to integrate the word information into the Chinese NER model. However, the traditional sequence model has complex structure, the slow inference speed, and an additional dictionary information is needed, which is difficult to implement in the industry. The approach in this paper has the state of the art and parallelizable, which is integrated the char-word embeddings, so that the model learns word information. The proposed model is easy to implement, and outperforms traditional model in terms of speed and efficiency, which is improved f1-score on two dataset.

Training an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to Control the Tap Changer of Parallel Transformers for a Closed Primary Bus

  • Sedaghati, Alireza
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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    • pp.1042-1047
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    • 2004
  • Voltage control is an essential part of the electric energy transmission and distribution system to maintain proper voltage limit at the consumer's terminal. Besides the generating units that provide the basic voltage control, there are many additional voltage-controlling agents e.g., shunt capacitors, shunt reactors, static VAr compensators, regulating transformers mentioned in [1], [2]. The most popular one, among all those agents for controlling voltage levels at the distribution and transmission system, is the on-load tap changer transformer. It serves two functions-energy transformation in different voltage levels and the voltage control. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been realized as a convenient tool that can be used in controlling the on load tap changer in the distribution transformers. Usage of the ANN in this area needs suitable training and testing data for performance analysis before the practical application. This paper briefly describes a procedure of processing the data to train an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to control the tap changer operating decision of parallel transformers for a closed primary bus. The data set are used to train a two layer ANN using three different neural net learning algorithms, namely, Standard Backpropagation [3], Bayesian Regularization [4] and Scaled Conjugate Gradient [5]. The experimental results are presented including performance analysis.

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상호상관을 이용한 변압기내의 부분방전 위치측정 (Measurement of partial discharge point in power transformer using crosscorrelation)

  • 문영재;구춘근;정찬수;곽희로
    • 한국조명전기설비학회지:조명전기설비
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    • 제7권6호
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    • pp.34-41
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    • 1993
  • 전력 수요가 증가함에 따라 전력용 변압기의 용량이 커지고, 따라서 변압기사고의 파급효과가 커지게 된다. 본 논문은 전력용 변압기의 절연 열화에 의한 사고를 예방진단하기 위한 부분방전의 초음파 측정 기술을 응용하여, 초음파-초음파 측정법에 대한 부분방전점의 위치검출법을 연구하였다. 정확도를 높이기 위해 상호상관함수를 이용할 것을 제안하였으며 모의변압기에서 실험한 결과 만족할 만한 결과를 얻었다.

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새로운 영상전류 주입법에 의한 다이오드 정류기의 고조파 저감 (Harmonic Reduction of Diode Rectifiers by a New Zero-Sequence Current Injection Method)

  • 김현정;장민수;최세완;원충연;김규식
    • 전력전자학회논문지
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    • 제7권6호
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    • pp.596-603
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    • 2002
  • 본 논문에서는 영상고조파 주입법을 사용하여 3상 다이오드 정류기의 입력전류를 개선하는 새로운 방식의 고조파 저감기술을 제안한다. 3고조파 주입을 근간으로 하는 본 방식은 다이오드 정류기의 상측과 하측의 전류를 독립적으로 제어하기 위하여 두 대의 단상 반파 인버터와 두 대의 단상 변압기로 구성되어져 있다. 이렇게 만들어진 영상전류는 zigzag 변압기에 의해서 다이오드 정류기의 상측과 하측으로 주입이 되어진다. 이 결과 3상 다이오드 정류기의 입력전류는 순수한 정현파 전류가 된다. 본 방식의 타당성을 1.5kVA 시작품의 실험을 통하여 입증하였다.

커플드 인덕터를 활용하여 출력 전류 리플을 저감하는 LLC 공진형 컨버터에 관한 연구 (A Study on LLC Resonant Converter Employing Coupled Inductor to Reduce Output Current Ripple)

  • 이용철;강민혁;강찬호;홍성수
    • 전력전자학회논문지
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.208-216
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    • 2018
  • In this paper, an LLC resonant converter employing two coupled inductors on the secondary side of the converter is proposed. The conventional LLC converter exhibits serious power loss during secondary winding of the transformer because of generation of tremendous output current ripples. To overcome this problem, an LLC resonant converter with a current doubler as a rectifying circuit was recently proposed. However, the current-doubler rectifying circuit requires coupled inductors with a high coupling ratio to retain the designed resonance characteristics. Therefore, an additional hardware filter is required at the output stage to address large output current ripples. Additional design procedures are also necessary because the inductance component of the added filter affects the designed resonant network. To solve this issue, an LLC resonant converter employing two coupled inductors is proposed in this paper. Mathematical analysis shows that the proposed secondary-side current-doubler circuit does not affect the designed resonance characteristics. The operating principles and theoretical analyses are proven through a simulation and experiments with a 54 V/28 A prototype.

새로운 행렬 분할법을 이용한 최적 무효전력/전압 제어 (OPTIMAL REACTIVE POWER AND VOLTAGE CONTROL USING A NEW MATRIX DECOMPOSITION METHOD)

  • 박영문;김두현;김재철
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 1989년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.202-206
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    • 1989
  • A new algorithm is suggested to solve the optimal reactive power control(optimal VAR control) problem. An efficient computer program based on the latest achievements in the sparse matrix/vector techniques has been developed for this purpose. The model minimizes the real power losses in the system. The constraints include the reactive power limits of the generators, limits on the bus voltages and the operating limits of control variables- the transformer tap positions, generator terminal voltages and switchable reactive power sources. The method developed herein employs linearized sensitivity relationships of power systems to establish both the objective function for minimizing the system losses and the system performance sensitivities relating dependent and control variables. The algorithm consists of two modules, i.e. the Q-V module for reactive power-voltage control, Load flow module for computational error adjustments. In particular, the acceleration factor technique is introduced to enhance the convergence property in Q-module, The combined use of the afore-mentioned two modules ensures more effective and efficient solutions for optimal reactive power dispatch problems. Results of the application of the method to the sample system and other worst-case system demonstrated that the algorithm suggested herein is compared favourably with conventional ones in terms of computation accuracy and convergence characteristics.

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A Novel Zero-Voltage-Switching Push-Pull DC-DC Converter for High Input Voltage and High Power Applications

  • Mao Saijun;Wang Huizhen;Yan Yangguang
    • KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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    • 제5B권4호
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    • pp.343-349
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    • 2005
  • This paper proposes a novel zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) Push-pull DC-DC Converter for high input voltage and high power applications. This topology utilizes two switches in series to replace one switch in conventional push-pull converter, and two clamping diodes are introduced. The voltage stress of the switches is the input voltage, and the switches can realize ZVS with the use of the leakage inductance of the transformer. Furthermore, secondary full-wave rectifier with a clamping capacitor is used to eliminate the voltage oscillation and spike of the rectifier diodes due to the reverse recovery. Therefore, the electromagnetic interference is reduced effectively. The operation principle of the proposed converter is analyzed theoretically. The output characteristic, ZVS condition and design principle of the clamping capacitor are discussed. Experimental results obtained from a 270V input 2kW prototype with $95.8\%$ high efficiency confirms the design.

200 kV 용량형 분압기 2대를 이용한 교류 고전압 측정범위 확장 (Measurement Range Extension of AC High Voltage using two 200 kV Capacitive Dividers)

  • 정재갑;이상화;강전홍;김명수;김윤형;한상길;정진혜;한상옥;정종만
    • 전기학회논문지P
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    • 제57권1호
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    • pp.1-5
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    • 2008
  • The output voltage value of AC high voltage source has been usually obtained by multiplying low voltage value measured at both terminals of low voltage resistor by the dividing ratio of the high voltage capacitive divider. From the dividing ratio determined of each 200 kV capacitive divider, we have developed step-up method for measuring the output voltage up to 400 kV using two same type of 200 kV capacitive dividers connected in series. The theoretical dividing ratio of 400 kV capacitive dividers connected in series coincides with that of manufacturer's certification within measurement uncertainty. Thus, this developed step-up method makes it possible to extend the range of output voltage from 200 kV to 400 kV. Furthermore, The dividing ratio of divider under test obtained using this step-up method is consistent with that obtained using one 200 kV high voltage divider within corresponding uncertainties.