• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.841-848
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate the inflorescence habit mainly on major in farmer's peanut cultivar of the Shinpung plant type "Daekwang" of sequential branching and the Virginia plant type "Daepung" of alternate branching until maximum flowering dates. All flowers of two pairs of opposite branch in "Daekwang" showed almost symmetrical flowering order and in "Daepung" also showed similar tendency though it had somewhat irregalar alternate branching type in opposite branches. The lowest node in each branch had seven flowers while upper nodes had less flowers in this period. The first flower in "Daekwang" was born at first node of second branch of cotyledonary branches compared to those of "Daepung" at first reproductive branch of cotyledonary branches. One pair of cotyledonary branches had two-thirds of total flowers in two cultivars. Dates of average flower proceeding between nodes in each branch of "Daekwang" were appeared 4.32 days in main axil, 1st and 2nd opposite primary branches were 4.44 and 5.13 days, and 1st and 2nd secondary branches were 5.81 and 6.41 days respectively, but "Daepung" showed similar flower proceeding dates in all branches. but "Daepung" showed similar flower proceeding dates in all branches.

• Advances in robotics research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.141-154
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• 2014

Redundant parallel manipulators have some advantages over the nonredundant parallel manipulators. It is important to determine how many additional branches should be introduced. This paper studies whether one or two additional branches should be added to a 3-DOF parallel manipulator by comparing the flexible deformation of a 3-DOF parallel manipulator with one additional branch and that with two additional branches. The kinematic and dynamic models of the redundant parallel manipulator are derived and the flexible deformation is investigated. The flexible deformation of the manipulators with one additional branch and two branches is simulated and compared. This paper is helpful for designers to design a redundantly actuated parallel manipulator.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2004

The purpose of the present study is to investigate fluid mechanical interactions between two major abdominal aortic branches under both steady and pulsatile flow conditions. Two model branching systems are considered: two branches emerging off the same side of the aorta (model 1) and two branches emerging off the opposite sides of the aorta (model 2). At higher Reynolds numbers, the velocity profiles within the branches in model 1 are M-shaped due to the strong skewness, while the loss of momentum in model 2 due to turning effects at the first branch leads to the absence of a reversed flow region at the entrance of the second branch. The wall shear stresses are considerably higher along the anterior wall of the abdominal aorta than along the posterior wall, opposite the celiac-superior mesenteric arteries. The wall shear stresses are higher in the immediate vicinity of the daughter branches. The peak wall shear stress in model 2 is considerably lower than that in the model 1. Although quantitative comparisons of our results with the physiological data have not been possible, our results provide useful information for the localization of early atherosclerotic lesions.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.200-209
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• 1984

On the basis of oceanographic observation conducted in summer 1982, the flow pattern of the Tsushima Warm Current definitely showed two branches with high surface velocity more than 70 cm/sec in the western channel of Korea Strait. One of the branches, the East Korea Warm Current, found about 8 km off Pusan flows northward along the east coast of Korea and the other branch, located at about 20km off Pusan flows east after passing the Korea Strait. The branching of two flows already occurred before the Tsushima Warm Current reaches the Pusan Tsushima section, and the volume transport and the widths of the two branches are not much different from each other. The number of branches may be controlled by the width of western channel and the flow of two branches may also be related to the variation of layer depth and the widening ratio of widths between the western channel and the Japan Sea (East Sea).

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.78-83
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• 2008

Objective : To understand the anatomic characteristics of the aortic arch (AA) and its major branches to build a foundation toward performing endovascular surgery safely. Methods : A total of 25 formalin fixed Korean adult cadavers were used. The authors investigated : anatomical variations of the AA and its major branches; curvature of the AA; distance from the mid-vertebrae line to the origin of the major branches; distances from the origin of the major branches of AA to the origin of its distal branches; and the angle of the three major branches, the brachiocephalic trunk (BCT), the left common carotid artery (LCCA) and the left subclavian artery (LSCA) arising from AA. Results : The three major branches directly originated from AA in 21 (84%) of the cadavers. In two (8%) of remaining four cadavers. orifice of LCCA was slightly above the stem of BCT. In remaining two (8%) cadavers, the left vertebral artery (LVA) was directly originated from AA. Average angle of AA curvature to the coronal plane was 62.2 degrees. BCT originated 0.92 mm on the right of the mid-vertebrae line. LCCA and LSCA originated from 12.3 mm and 22.8 mm on the left of the mid-vertebrae line. Mean distance from the origin of the BCT to the origin of the RCCA was 32.5 mm. Mean distance from the origin of the LSCA to the origin of the LVA was 33.8 mm. Average angles at which the major branches arise from the AA were 65.3, 46.9 and 63.8 degrees. Conclusion : This study may provides a basic anatomical information to catheterize AA and its branches for safely performing endovascular surgery.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.230-240
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• 2004

An experimental investigation was conducted to study two-phase flow distribution in a T-type distributor of slit fin-and-tube heat exchanger using R22. A comparison was made between the predictions by previously proposed tube-by-tube method and experimental data for the heat transfer rate of evaporator. Experiments were carried out under the conditions of saturation temperature of 5$^{\circ}C$ and mass flow rate varying from 0.6 to 1.2kg/min. The inlet air has dry bulb temperature of 27$^{\circ}C$, relative humidity of 50% and air velocity varying from 0.63 to 1.71㎧. Experiment show that air velocity increased by 85.2% is need for T-type distributor with four outlet branches than that of two outlet branches under the superheat of 5$^{\circ}C$, which resulted in air-side pressure drop increase of 130% for T-type distributor with four outlet branches as compared to two outlet branches.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.297-304
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• 1985

Two Korean species of Centroceras K tzing, Ceramiaceae was investigated taxonomically. C. clavulatum (Ag.) Montagne collected at several sited along the coast of Korea was characterized by regular dischotomous branches with whorl spines at every node, whereas, C. distichum Okamura collected at Soando in the southern coast was by alternate branches with gland cells around nodes. Biogeographic data show that Korea is almost northern limit in distribution of the former species.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.26-28
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• 2001

The cytotoxicity of the ethanol extracts of varietal samples of mulberry leaves and branches and silkworm feces was measured using CT-26 cells originated from murine metastatic colon cancer, using dye uptake assay in order to find potential anticancer agents. Two ethanol extracts (varietal mulberry leaves and mulberry branches) were prepared from 16 varietal mulberries and used as partial extract materials for the activity assay. Among these, the ethanol extracts from Shinkwangppong leaves showed a little anticancer activity, and those from Sugaeppong, Cheongunppong and Gumsulppong branches showed some anticancer activity as well as cytotoxicity. In contrast, ethanol extracts from freeze-dried, the 3rd day of 5th instar feces showed more potent anticancer activity than that of other mulberry leaves, mulberry branches and other 5th silkworm instar larva feces on the basis of high UV absorbance at 665 nm.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.90-94
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• 2023

Objective : Cubital tunnel syndrome, the most common ulnar nerve entrapment neuropathy, is usually managed by simple decompression or anterior transposition. One of the concerns in transposition is damage to the nerve branches around the elbow. In this study, the location of ulnar nerve branches to the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) was assessed during operations for cubital tunnel syndrome to provide information to reduce operation-related complications. Methods : A personal series (HJY) of cases operated for cubital tunnel syndrome was reviewed. Cases managed by transposition and location of branches to the FCU were selected for analysis. The function of the branches was confirmed by intraoperative nerve stimulation and the location of the branches was assessed by the distance from the center of medial epicondyle. Results : There was a total of 61 cases of cubital tunnel syndrome, among which 31 were treated by transposition. Twenty-one cases with information on the location of branches were analyzed. The average number of ulnar nerve branches around the elbow was 1.8 (0 to 3), only one case showed no branches. Most of the cases had one branch to the medial head, and one other to the lateral head of the FCU. There were two cases having branches without FCU responses (one branch in one case, three branches in another). The location of the branches to the medial head was 16.3±8.6 mm distal to the medial epicondyle (16 branches; range, 0 to 35 mm), to the lateral head was 19.5±9.5 mm distal to the medial epicondyle (19 branches; range, -5 to 30 mm). Branches without FCU responses were found from 20 mm proximal to the medial condyle to 15 mm distal to the medial epicondyle (five branches). Most of the branches to the medial head were 15 to 20 mm (50% of cases), and most to the lateral head were 15 to 25 mm (58% of cases). There were no cases of discernable weakness of the FCU after operation. Conclusion : In most cases of cubital tunnel syndrome, there are ulnar nerve branches around the elbow. Although there might be some cases with branches without FCU responses, most branches are to the FCU, and are to be saved. The operator should be watchful for branches about 15 to 25 mm distal to the medial epicondyle, where most branches come out.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2013

This letter describes a dual-band compact monopole antenna with two branches for Wi-Fi applications. The proposed antenna is based on a planar monopole design, and composed of two branches of radiating patches for dual-band operation. The ground size of the antenna matches the ground size of a typical hand-held cellular phone for improved compatibility with mobile phone printed circuit boards. The antenna is designed using a simulator and fabricated with optimized parameters. The fabricated antenna is measured at the lower and higher operating frequencies, and the return loss coefficient, gain, and radiation patterns are determined.