• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.1027-1033
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• 1990

In order to identify the origin of phase coexistence at morphotropic tetragonal and rhombohedral boundary in PZT ceramics, the effect of chemical inhomogeneity on phase coexistence region was investigated. Two kinds of PZT ceramics with different chemical homogeneity were prepared by conventional solid state reaction and co-precipitation method. There was coexistence of tetragonal and rhombohedral phase over a wide composition range in PZT ceramics calcined by solid state reaction, and there was also phase coexistence of which region was reduced considerably in sintered samples. And phase coexistence region was not observed in co-precipitated PZT ceramics(within 1 mole%). Therefore compositional fluctuation is considered to be major origin of the phase coexistence at morphotropic phae boundary in PZT ceramics.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제8권9호
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• pp.1365-1371
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• 2013

표면상에서의 흡착현상 중, 특정한 압력에서 흡착량이 불연속적으로 급격하게 증가하는 2상 공존현상을 이론적으로 설명하기 위하여 2차원 클러스트 응집모형을 도입하였다. 이 2차원 클러스트 응집모형에 기초적인 통계열역학과 미정계수법을 적용하여 흡착등온식을 유도하였으며, 유도된 흡착등온식은 표면흡착에서의 2상 공존현상이 흡착입자들 간의 강한 인력에 의한 것임을 정성적으로 잘 보여주었다.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도학회 1999년도 High Temperature Superconductivity Vol.IX
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• pp.196-199
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• 1999

The coexistence of the superconductivity and magnetism in the Ho1-xDyxNi2B2C is studied by using Ginzburg-Landau theory. This material violates the standard do Gennes scaling showing the coexistence and complex interplay of superconducting and magnetic order yielding an anomalous phase diagram. We propose a phenomenological model which includes two magnetic and two superconducting order parameters accounting for the multi-band structure of this material. We describe the magnetic fluctuations and order and demonstrate that they lead to anomalous behavior of the upper critical field. The doping dependence of Tc in Ho1-xDyxNi2B2C showing a reentrance behavior are analyzed yielding a very good agreement with experimental data.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2002

We theoretically consider blends of two monodisperse one-end-functionalized homopolymers (denoted by A and B) capable of forming clusters between functional groups (stickers) using weak segregation theory. In this model system resulting molecular architectures via clustering resemble star copolymers having many A- and B-arms. Minimizing the total free energy with respect the cluster distribution, the equilibrium distribution of clusters is obtained and used for RPA (Random Phase Approximation) equations as input. For the case that polymers are functionalized by only one kind of sticker, the phase diagrams show that the associations promote the macrophase separation. When there is strong affinity between stickers belonging to the different polymer species, on the other hand, the phase diagram show a suppression of the macrophase separation at the range of high temperature regime, as well as the phase coexistence between a disordered and a mesoscopic phase at the relatively lower temperatures.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2015

(111)-oriented and random oriented $Pb_{0.8}Ba_{0.2}ZrO_3$ (PBZ) perovskite relaxor ferroelectric thin films were fabricated on Pt(111)/$TiO_x$/$SiO_2$/Si substrate by sol-gel method. Nano-scaled antiferroelectric and ferroelectric two-phase coexisted in both (111)-oriented and random oriented PBZ thin film. High dielectric tunability (${\eta}=75%$, E = 560 kV/cm) and figure-of-merit (FOM ~ 236) at room temperature was obtained in (111)-oriented thin film. Meanwhile, giant electrocaloric effect (ECE) (${\Delta}T=45.3K$ and ${\Delta}S=46.9JK^{-1}kg^{-1}$ at $598kVcm^{-1}$) at room temperature (290 K), rather than at its Curie temperature (408 K), was observed in random oriented $Pb_{0.8}Ba_{0.2}ZrO_3$ (PBZ) thin film, which makes it a promising material for the application to cooling systems near room temperature. The giant ECE as well as high dielectric tunability are attributed to the coexistence of AFE and FE phases and field-induced nano-scaled AFE to FE phase transition.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.96-99
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• 2005

Phase transition from normal- to inverse-spinel structure has been observed for $Fe_xCo_{3-x}O_4$ thin films as the Fe composition (x) increases from 0 to 2. The samples were fabricated as thin films by sol-gel method on Si(100) substrates. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed a coexistence of two phases, normal and inverse spinel, for $0.76{\le}x{\le}0.93$. The normal-spinel phase is dominant for $x{\le}0.55$ while the inverse-spinel phase for $x{\ge}l.22$. The cubic lattice constant of the inverse-spinel phase is larger than that of the normal-spinel phase. For both phases the lattice constant increases with increasing x. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements revealed that both $Fe^{2+}$ and $Fe^{3+}$ ions exist with similar strength in the x=0.93 sample. Conversion electron $M\ddot{o}ssbauer$ spectra measured on the same sample showed that $Fe^{2+}$ ions prefer the octahedral $Co^{3+}$ sites, indicating the formation of the inverse-spinel phase. Analysis on the measured optical absorption spectra for the samples by spectroscopic ellipsometry indicates the dominance of the normal spinel phase for low x in which $Fe^{3+}$ ions tend to substitute the octahedral sites.

• 멤브레인
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.61-65
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• 2019

이방성 입자는 독특한 물리적 특성 때문에 다양한 분야에서 발표되고 있다. 여기서, 이방성 도토리구조 나노 입자를 제조하기 위해 새로운 동적 상분리 방법이 도입된다. 동적 상분리 방법은 용제 증발 및 무용제에 의한 침전으로 구성된다. 하부층은 비용매 희석제로서 물을 공급함으로써 제어되며, 상부층의 상분리는 휘발성 용매의 확산 및 증발에 의존한다. 이 상태에서, 도토리 형 입자가 제조되었다. 물이 채워진 밀폐된 상자(자발적 상분리)하에서, 단분산 폴리스틸렌 입자가 합성되었다. 동적 상분리와 자발적 상분리가 공존할 때, 캡과 입자의 크기가 변경되었다. 또한, 폴리스틸렌 용액의 부피는 입자 형상에 영향을 미친다. 독특한 구조가 다양한 응용 분야에 활용될 수 있기 때문에 멤브레인 기반의 제어된 물 공급과 같은 첨단 기술이 개발되면 단분산의 도토리와 같은 입자가 제조될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 1997

회전형 볼밀을 이용하여 Ar 분위기에서 기계적 합금화 방법으로 Fe$_{50}$Zr$_{50}$ 비정질을 제조하고 이들의 구조 및 자기적 성질을 투과전자현미경과 SQUID 자력계를 이용하여 조사하였다. 기계적합금화법으로 제조된 분말로 부터 얻은 제한시야 회절도형은 두개의 인접한 halo ring 도형을 나타내며, 이것은 비정질이 Fe rich 한 비정질과 Zr rich 한 두 비정질로이 공존하기 때문이다. 기계적 합금화한 Fe$_{50}$Zr$_{50}$ 비정질 분말에서 비정질상의 큐리온도로 부터 추정된 강자성 Fe-Zr계 비정지상의 Fe 조성은 100시간 합금화한 경우 65 at% 로서, 이것은 비정질의 상분리가 일어났기 때문이며, 이 결과는 회절도형의 분석결과와 일치한다. 기계적 합금화한 Fe$_{50}$Zr$_{50}$ 분말의 스핀파 탄성계수는 100시간 합금화한 경우에는 52.2 meV .angs. 이고, 200시간 합금화 한 경우에는 63.8 meV .angs. 으로 합금화시간이 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 이것으 200시간 합금화한 경우 부분 결정화에 의하여 .alpha. -Fe가 일부 석출하였기 때문이다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.901-904
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• 2010

Decylthiocyanate (DTC) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on Au(111) were prepared by solution and vapor phase deposition methods at $50^{\circ}C$ for 24 h. The formation and surface structure of DTC SAMs were examined using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). STM imaging revealed that DTC SAMs formed in 1 mM ethanol solution at $50^{\circ}C$ were composed of small ordered domains with lateral dimensions of a few nanometers and disordered phases, whereas DTC SAMs formed in the vapor phase at $50^{\circ}C$ contained two ordered phases: a closely packed c($4{\times}2$) superlattice and a striped phase with an interstripe spacing of 2.6 - 2.8 nm. It was also found that the ordered domain and vacancy island formation for DTC SAMs on Au(111) differs significantly from that of decanethiol SAMs, suggesting that adsorption mechanism is different from each other. From this study, it was confirmed that DTC SAMs with a high degree of structural order can be obtained by vapor phase deposition.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.202-218
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• 2010

It is well known that the atmospheric inorganic aerosol has the hysteresis phenomena depending on the history of relative humidity. However, the current computational researches have assumed that the physical/chemical state of atmospheric aerosol is only determined by a branch of hysteresis, efflorescence or deliquescence. In this work, we applied the MATLAB-based UHAEROm thermodynamics module to simulate the dynamic interaction between gaseous species $NH_3$ and $HNO_3$, and the two mono-disperse particulate populations in the course of efflorescence and deliquescence, respectively. We conducted the 10 case studies considering the particulate phase with the atmospherically prevailing chemical composition and found that the final states of the particles are determined through the qualitatively five different trajectories by the dynamic interaction between gaseous and two different kinds of particulates. As a result, we show that the coexistence of meta-stable and stable particles drives the different physical/chemical destination comparing with the ones generated from the solitary efflorescence or deliquescence branch.