• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.116-122
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• 2014

In this study, 2 kinds of twist run models as exercise equipments are compared by durability analyses of fatigue and vibration. Maximum equivalent stresses are shown as 3.3 MPa and 16.6 MPa at the parts of stress concentrations at models 1 and 2. As the values becomes much lower than yield stress of this models, these models are shown to be safe designs. Model 1 becomes stronger than model 2 at natural frequency analysis. Fatigue lives become lowest at four axis parts and one axis part respectively in cases of models 1 and 2. Maximum damage probability at fatigue is shown to be 2.4% near the average stress of 0 in case of model 1 but this probability becomes 0.6 % in case of model 2. Model 1 has the maximum damage possibility 4 times more than model 2 at these states. As the result of this study is applied by the design of twist run, the prevention on fatigue damage and the durability are predicted.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.81-98
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to closely examine kinematic characteristics by jump phase of Li Xiaopeng motion in horse vaulting and provide the training data. In doing so, as a result of analyzing kinematic variables through 3-dimensional cinematographic using the high-speed video camera to Li Xiaopeng motion first performed at the men's vault competition at the 14th Busan Asian Games, the following conclusion was obtained. 1. It was indicated that at the post-flight, the increase of flight time and height and twisting rotational velocity has a decisive effect on the increase of twist displacement. And Li Xiaopeng motion showed longer flight time and higher flight height than Ropez motion with the same twist displacement of entire movement. Also the rotational displacement of the trunk at peak of COG was much short of $360^{\circ}$(one rotation) but twist displacement showed $606^{\circ}$. Likewise, Li Xiaopeng motion was indicated to concentrate on twist movement in the early flight. 2. It was indicated that at the landing, Li Xiaopeng motion gets the hip to move back, the trunk to stand up and the horizontal velocity of COG to slow down. This is thought to be the performance of sufficient landing, resulting from large security of rotational displacement of airborne and twist displacement. 3. It was indicated that at the board contact, Li Xiaopeng motion made a rapid rotation uprighting the trunk to recover slowing velocity caused by jumping with the horse in the back, and has already twisted the trunk nearly close to $40^{\circ}$ at board contact. Under the premise that elasticity is generated without the change of the feet contacting the board, it will give an aid to the rotation and twist of pre-flight. Thus, in the round-oH phase, the tap of waist according to the fraction and extension of hip joint and arm push is thought to be very important. 4. It was indicated that at the pre-flight, Li Xiaopeng motion showed bigger movement than the techniques of precedented studies rushing to the horse, and overcomes the concern of relatively low power of jump through the rapid rotation of the trunk. Li Xiaopeng motion secured much twist distance, increased rotational distance with the trunk bent forward, resulting in the effect of rushing to the horse. 5. At horse contact, Li Xiaopeng motion makes a short-time contact, and maintains horse take-off angle close to vertical, contributing to the increase of post-flight time and height. This is thought to be resulted from rapid move toward movement direction along with the rotational velocity of trunk rapidly earned prior to horse contact, and little shave of rotation axis according to twist motion because of effective twist in the same direction.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.299-303
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• 2003

Some of historical textiles were analyzed to identify the imprinted textures on the metal remains of Haengyeup(a horse strap pendant) and Doja (a knife), which were excavated in the ruins of Hwangsung-dong, Kyungju city in the fifth century and textiles imprinted on the human bones that were excavated in the Pungnae 4th Area, Namyangju county in the sixteenth century. The results analyzed arc as follows ; It was confirmed that the imprinted textures of Haengyeup and Doja are white ramie since the structural characteristics of cellulosic bast fibers, partially projected long oval cross sections with large lumens and the imprinted textures of human bones are silk fabrics since the triangular cross sections of fibroin is showed. All of the textiles were designed in plain weaves. In the case of weaving yarns, the warp threads were thicker than the weft threads, that is, the imprinted textures of Haengyeup were measured by 1.35 mm for warp and 1.21 mm for weft, and the Doja by 1.16mm for warp and 1.11 mm for weft. In connection with the direction of the yarn twist, the Z-twist were observed in the imprinted textures of human bones, whereas it presented the S-twist in the case of Haengyeup and Doja. The warp yarns were mostly harder twisted than the weft yarns on the amounts of twist, that is, it was observed that the case of Haengyeup were amounted to 0.33 twists per centimeter for warp yarns and 0.25 twists per centimeter for weft yarns. Also it was showed 0.32 twists per centimeter for warp yarns and 0.26 twists per centimeter in the case of the textures of human bones. On the fabric counts, it was showed that the finer the yarns the higher the densities since it were $4.3{\times}5.1$ threads per sqaure centimeters and $7.6{\times}7.1$ threads per sqaure centimeters each in the case of Haengyeup and Doja, whereas it was $18.2{\times}33.7$ threads per sqaure centimeters in the case of the textures of human bones.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2017

이중냉각 환형핵연료 집합체를 위한 비틀림 혼합날개 지지격자의 강제대류열전달 성능을 실험적으로 평가하였다. 비틀림 혼합날개 지지격자는 부수로 간 혼합뿐 아니라 부수로 내 혼합을 동시에 증대시킬 수 있도록 설계되었다. 실험을 위한 이중냉각 환형핵연료 모의 집합체로, 봉 중심 간 거리와 봉 외경의 비가 1.08인 봉 간격이 좁은 $4{\times}4$ 정사각 배열의 봉다발을 준비하였다. 실험은 봉다발 유동의 축방향 평균속도가 1.5 m/s, 열유속은 $26kW/m^2$인 조건에서 수행하였다. 원주방향 온도 분포의 경우, 지지격자 상류에서는 부수로 중심 벽면에서, 하류에서는 비틀림 혼합날개 끝이 향하는 벽면에서 온도가 가장 낮게 나타났다. 축방향 온도 분포의 경우, 지지격자 하류 근처에서 온도가 급격하게 감소하는 것으로 측정되었고, 비틀림 혼합날개에 의해 누셀트 수는 최대 56 % 증대되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 실험결과를 토대로 봉 간격이 좁은 이중냉각 환형핵연료 집합체에서 비틀림 혼합날개 지지격자에 의해 강제대류열 전달 성능이 효과적으로 증대될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 산업식품공학
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2010

식품 산업 가공 공정에 다양하게 적용되는 진동 선별기(twist screen)의 구조를 변경하고 그 효율을 분석하기 위하여 위와 같은 실험을 실시하였다. 시료 공급 시 스크린 외곽의 프레임을 따라 선별되지 못하고 빠지는 입자를 방지하기 위하여 스크린 프레임에 dam을 설치하였으며, 스크린 중앙에서 공급되는 시료가 진동에 의하여 중앙에서 외곽으로 빠르게 이동하며 입자층을 이루어 선별 효율이 저하되는 것을 방지하기 위하여 스크린에 나선형 구조물을 설치하였다. 진동 선별기는 직경 1,200 mm와 직경 1,500 mm를 사용하였으며 스크린은 mesh 24이고 선경 0.12 mm인 표준망을 적용하였고 진동 모터는 60 Hz로 운전하였으며 자기진동 이송기는 주파수 게이지 8과 10으로 각각 실험한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 진동 선별기 직경 1,200 mm인 경우 일반형은 처리 용량 24 kg/hr, 처리 분율은 4.72%이었고 스크린 프레임에 dam을 설치하고 스크린에 나선형 구조물을 설치한 경우에는 처리 용량이 22.8 kg/hr, 처리 분율 8.05%이었다. 구조물의 설치로 처리 용량은 다소 감소하였으나 처리 분율은 1.7배 증가하여 선별 효율이 상당히 높아졌다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 진동 선별기 직경 1,500 mm의 경우 일반형의 처리 용량은 43.32 kg/hr으로 직경 1,200 mm인 경우와 비교하여 처리용량은 1.8배 증가하였으나 처리 분율은 2.37%로 처리용량에 비하여 낮게 나타났다. 처리 1의 입도를 분석한 결과 스크린에 의하여 선별될 세립의 입자가 비선별 처리물에서 발견되고 있다. 스크린의 직경이 넓어져서 처리 용량이 증가하였으나 공급 속도를 높여 공급량이 많아지므로 입자들의 망 접촉 시간이 감소하고 입자의 층 현상이 심화되어 처리 효율이 감소하고 세립의 입자 선별이 완벽하게 이루어지지 않았다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 선별기 직경 1,500 mm에 screen frame dam을 설치한 경우 처리 용량 43.14 kg/hr로 일반형과 비슷하며 처리 분율은 3.25%로 매우 증가되었다. 입자들의 층현상이 심화된 ${\emptyset}$1500에서 스크린의 프레임에 dam을 설치함으로써 스크린 프레임으로 빠져나가 망에 체류 시간이 단축되는 것이 방지되며 프레임을 따라 입자층이 형성되어 스크린과 접촉이 불가능하였던 입자들이 dam에 의하여 스크린 안쪽에서 이동되므로 거의 동일한 처리 용량에서도 처리 효율 증가가 뚜렷하게 구분되었다고 할 수 있다. Screen frame dam과 나선형 구조물을 모두 설치한 경우 처리 용량은 39.04 kg/hr로 다소 감소되었으나 처리 분율은 6.77%로 직경 1,500 mm의 진동 스크린에서 일반형 구조시 보다 3배, frame dam만 설치된 경우보다 2배의 증가를 보였다. 비선별 처리물인 처리 1의 시료를 입도분석한 결과 선별 처리되지 못한 세립의 입자를 전혀 발견할 수 없었다. 이와 같은 결과는 frame dam을 설치하여도 입자들이 빠르게 휩쓸려 스크린의 외곽으로 이동하여 망과 접촉 시간이 단축되며 층을 이루어 입자간의 간섭에 의해 선별 효과가 감소되는 것을 나선형 구조물에 의하여 방지함으로써 체류시간을 증가시키고 입자층을 분산시켜 선별 효율을 증가시킬 수 있었다. 나선형 구조물 설치시 처리 용량은 다소 감소되는 경향을 보이나 처리 분율이 3배까지 차이를 나타나며 이는 공급 속도가 빠를수록 처리 용량이 많을수록 영향이 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.24-34
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• 2007

Closed-loop active twist control of integral helicopter rotor blades is investigated in this paper for reducing hub vibration induced in forward flight. A four-bladed fully articulated integral twist-actuated rotor system has been designed and tested successfully in wind tunnel in open-loop actuation. The integral twist deformation of the blades is generated using active fiber composite actuators embedded in the composite blade construction. An analytical framework is developed to examine integrally twisted helicopter blades and their aeroelastic behavior during different flight conditions. This aeroelastic model stems from a three-dimensional electroelastic beam formulation with geometrical-exactness, and is coupled with finite-state dynamic inflow aerodynamics. A system identification methodology that assumes a linear periodic system is adopted to estimate the harmonic transfer function of the rotor system. A vibration minimizing controller is designed based on this result, which implements a classical disturbance rejection algorithm with some modifications. Using the established analytical framework, the closed-loop controller is numerically simulated and the hub vibratory load reduction capability is demonstrated.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.408-412
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• 2003

The micro structure of POY was modified and a wool-like touch yarn of composite fibers with different shrinkage was made. With this yarn 12 different fabrics with wool like touch were prepared. The characteristic physical property changes of the fabrics examined are as follows: 1. In all cases, the initial high shrinkage stages were observed in hot water treatment and the 3D images of complex multilayer of typical doubling fibers with different shrinkage were also observed in hot air treatment of 170C. 2. The tensile strength changes of satin and plain fabrics with the change of twist count showed similar behavior. However, WT's were slightly higher and RT's was lower in twill and satin fabrics than those in plain fabric. 3. Since a slight decrease of B's of twill fabric found with increasing twist count under given experimental condition, it could be influenced on the anti-drape stiffness was decreased and flexibility was increased. 4. A significant decrease of G values was observed in the twist count 800-1000 T.P.M However, in the twist count higher than 1000 T.P.M G values observed were kept nearly constant. 5. MIU of plain and twill fabrics showed a drastic decrease at the twist count higher than 1000 T.P.M.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.187-197
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• 1996

Many investigations have been made to determine the pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics for single phase flow in tape generated swirl flow. But few studies have been carried out to investigate the heat transfer in two component, two phase swirl flow with non-boiling. An experimental study has been conducted to determine the effects of tape twist ratios on two phase convective heat transfer coefficients, pressure drop, and void fraction distribution in a non-boiling, air-water, two phase flow. The flow conditions were both swirl and non swirl flows. The internal diameter of the test section is 42.5mm. The tape twist ratios of pitch to diameter ratio varied from 4.0 to 10.6. The heating conditions were isothermal and nonisothermal. The flow patterns identified with experiments were bubbly, bubbly-slug, slug, and slug-annular flow in up-flow. This study has concluded that no significant difference in void fraction distribution were observed both isothermal and nonisothermal conditions, the pressure drop for two phase flow with twisted tape swirler increase as the tape twist ratio decrease, and that values of two phase heat transfer coefficient increase when the tape twist ratio decreases.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.363-369
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• 2006

In this the study, Lyocell fabrics for blanket were developed to get high value added goods for elder and Infant. Therefore, the purpose of the study was determine the effect of twist per inch on the physical properties of developed fabrics, including compression property and abrasion resistance on the process for making Lyocell combined yarns. For comparison, commonly used cotton blanket was used. The results were as the follows: 1) Dimensional changes of Lyocell fabrics was in -3% which value was pretty stable, and antistatic property was very good with 10V of electric propensity voltage which means there was no static electricity at all. Pilling property of Lyocell fabrics showed 3 grade which was good and air permeability and moisture vapor transmission rate of Lyocell fabrics were higher than those of cotton fabric and keeping warmth rate of Lyocell fabrics was about 50% which means it very warms. 2) Twist per inch of Lyocell combined yarns increased with tensile strength and elongation of Lyocell fabrics. 3) Twist per inch of Lyocell combined yarns increased with decreasing thickness reduction rate and therefore, compression property of those was pretty good. Specially, compression property of Lyocell fabrics made with yarns of 3.9TPI was better than those of cotton fabric. 4) Twist per inch of Lyocell combined yarns increased with abrasion resistance of Lyocell fabrics.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a new vault technique through a kinematic comparison of the YANG Hak Seon and Yeo 2 vaults. Method: The photographic images of the YANG Hak Seon and Yeo 2 vaults were collected using a high-speed camera, and their kinematic characteristics were analyzed using three-dimensional image analysis. Results: During the post-flight phase of the Yeo 2 and YANG Hak Seon vaults, the time of flight, height of flight, and flight distance were similar. At the peak of the post-flight phase, the trunk rotation angle of the YANG Hak Seon vault rotated $457^{\circ}$ more than did the Yeo 2 vault. During the post-flight descending period, the twist velocity of the trunk was much faster with the YANG Hak Seon vault ($1,278^{\circ}/s$) than with the Yeo 2 vault ($1,016^{\circ}/s$). Conclusion: To succeed in the new technique, the average twist velocity during post-flight must be maintained at $1,058^{\circ}/s$ and the twist velocity must be increased from the ascending phase.