• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.928-934
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• 2008

Resently, Fiber Reinforced Concrete is used for not only preventing crack of concrete but also reinforcing general methods. Steel Fiber and PP(poly-propylene) Fiber are usually used as fiber reinforced materials. However, using these materials for shotcrete on Railway tunnel can cause some problems such as damage of pressure hose and shotcrete rebound. In addition, Steel fiber is an expensive material and it can cause safety problems during applying to shotcrete. PP Fiber can cause a problem in fiber balling during applying to shotcrete railway tunnel construction. A purpose of the research is applying a development of PET(Poly Etylene Terephtalate) fiber by recycling pet bottles to the shotcrete tunnel exposed to explosion spalling. To investigate the reinforcement effect of the PET fiber, some basic tests are accomplished to physical properties and explosion spalling by fire. As a result of the tests, a concrete mixing the PET fiber has stronger resistance effect in the explosion spalling by high temperature than another strong fiber concrete does, and that the former concrete is also equal or more effective on the result of the above tests to physical properties like compression and strain than the latter one is demonstrated.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.389-400
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• 2003

In order to recommend the mechanical smoke exhaust operation mode, Subway Environmental Simulation (SES) is used to predict the airflow of the inlet and outlet tunnel for the subway station. Fire Dynamic Simulation (FDS) is used the SES's velocity boundary conditions to clarity the smoke exhaust effectiveness by the variations with mechnical ventilation system. We compared each 6 types of smoke exhaust systems for the result of smoke density and temperature distributions for 1.5m height from the subway station base in order to clarify the safety evaluation for the heat and smoke exhaust on subway fire.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.555-560
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• 2007

This paper focused on the ways of disater prevention and risk analysis of the passengers setting up the hypothesis when urban rapid transit broke out fire in subway tunnel which is PSD(Platform Screen Door) installed environment. compared the flud dynamic changes and evacuation specifications whether PSD being installed or not, tried to search the effective ways for sustaining passengers safety.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.21-26
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• 2007

The computer program is developed to simulate the evacauation time for a building which is made geometrically complex. The program is intended for use both as a search and a design tool to analyze the evacuation safety through a wide range of structure environments. The computer program has a function of importing FDS's result to each individual resident in the building. These attributes include a walking speed reduction by producing visibility reduction for each person on the fire. $A^*$ pathfinding algorithm is adopted to calculate the simulation of escape movement, overtaking, route deviation, and adjustments to individual speeds due to the proximity of crowd members. Finally, a case study for a theater is presented to compared the calculated evacuation time with SIMULEX in detail. This program contribute to a computer program that evaluates the evacuation time of individual occupants as they walk towards, and through the exits especially for building, underground spaces like a subway or tunnel.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.743-754
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• 2015

FASCAM is a newly introduced mean against enemy fire power and supposed to be scattered on base areas in front of a tunnel so as to deter maneuver and shooting of enemy artilleries. However, for its characteristics different from conventional munitions, only a few studies have been undertaken on operations system using this new measure. In this research, we propose a procedure to describe and analyze mathematically an operation system for suppression of enemy fire power using FASCAM. Two suggested simulation methods, impact point generation and density integration, both can describe the actual operation rationally and each has advantages of its own respectively. Further, we demonstrated an example analysis to derive an optimal suppression plan based on the proposed procedure.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1533-1539
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• 2007

It is mainly due to the toxic gases, produced from the material combustion, threatens human body in case of urban railway car like subway which passes through underground tunnel. In the field of railway industry, fire accidents was not frequent but occurs in each country and, the causes was investigated. The advanced country established the test standard (e.g., BS, EN) to measure the toxic gases quantitatively and, have applied to enhance the fire safety of railway car. We must also follow the procedures to use gangway material for railway car as stated the Safety regulation for the urban railway car. In this study, various gangway materials(silicon, synthtic rubber, soaltapulin) are used to investigate element of toxic gases when the fire occurs. The amount of toxic gases measured from the ISO 5659 chamber using cone heater was measured and compared the results for each materials.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.131-132
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• 2017

As the building is becomes bigger and larger, it can lead to big damage in case of fire. Also, tunnel, machine room and underground joint are spaces that can cause high temperature fire above 1,350℃ in case of fire. Therefore, a refractory material is need that can be withstand in high temperatures for long time. One side, the composition of oyster shell is CaCO₃ of 90% or more. It is expected that it will be possible to use it as a high calcium natural material which is the material of the refractory board. According to, Study on bending, compressive strength of mortar according to temperature and heating time change using oyster shell as aggregate the most commonly occurring particle sizes form 2.5mm to 5mm.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.83-88
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• 2011

워터스크린(이하 W/S)에 의한 화재방화시스템은 도로터널에 화재가 발생시, 공간에 수막을 사용하여 구획화하고, 열 연기의 확산을 억제하며 유해 부유입자를 세정함으로서 인간의 안전을 확보 및 구조물의 피해를 극소화 하는 시스템이다. 이 W/S에 의한 구획의 성능을 평가하기 위해, 1/2의 터널 모형에 의한 공간 내 열 성장 파악을 위한 화재 실험을 분석하였고, 그 결과, 천정 근방 온도 및 방사수열량으로서는 발열 속도의 크기, 풍속의 대소에 의하지 않고 약 80%의 저감율을 나타냈다. 또, 발생한 유해 부유입자 농도에 대해서는 약 60%, 화원 성질과 상태로서 발열 속도는 약30%의 W/S에 의한 저감 효과를 나타내었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.294-297
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• 2012

본 연구는 MLZ을 활용하여 도로터널의 다양한 화재시나리오별 화재성상예측을 목적으로 1/20 Scale 모형실험을 통하여 소형차, 버스화재 시 FAN의 작동 비작동, 소형차 2대 직렬 병렬화재, 소형차 2대+버스 혼합 화재실험을 바탕으로 FAN작동시 배기구 방향으로 고온의 열기층이 생성됨을 확인하였다. 축소모형실험과 MLZ 해석결과를 비교하여 화원으로부터의 약 20m 정도의 이격거리부분 온도가 유사하게 나타났고, 시간별 온도분포를 확인한 결과 플래시오버 이전단계에 피난계획을 세우는 단계에서 예측이 가능했다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.163-166
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• 2011

본 연구는 Zone Model을 활용하여 장대도로터널의 화재성상 예측방법의 고찰을 목적으로 1/5 Scale 모형실험 및 MLZSUZUKI 결과 분석과 CFD와 MLZ의 비교 분석을 실시하였다. Modeling한 모형터널의 해석시간이 MLZ 1분, FDS 약 6시간으로 CFD에 비하여 360배의 시간 감소와 다층으로 구분하여 구간의 온도변화 및 환기풍에 의한 열기류의 움직임 등의 상황이 해석됨으로 향후 MLZ을 활용하여 터널화재의 위험성 예측에 용이할 것으로 판단된다.