• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제73권1호
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• pp.48-55
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• 2012

Background: The epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) has been assessed based on the data of the analysis of TB patients notified to the surveillance system in Korea. However, the national status of TB is not validated through this surveillance system. The objective is to determine the epidemiology of TB and to understand the accurate status of TB patients treated in private institutions. Methods: Medical records of 53,579 patients who had been diagnosed with TB in 2008 were analyzed. Results: Among 53,579 patients, the number of sputum smear positive cases was 15,639(29.2%) and the number of new cases was 39,191 (73.1%). The drug resistance rate of new cases was 5.3%, while the rate stood at 13.3% for TB patients with treatment history. The number of multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) patients was 2,472 (4.6%), which consists of 2.9% of new cases and 9.3% of TB patients with prior treatment history. The number of extensively drug-resistant TB patients was 749 (1.4%), consisting of 1.1% of new cases and 2.2% of TB patients with prior treatment history. In terms of treatment outcomes, 66.4% of all TB patients, 70.5% of new cases, 64.4% of relapse cases, and 46.8% of MDR-TB cases were cured or completed. It was inferred that in 2008, the total number of TB patients reached 70,767, 145.6 per 100,000 people (95% confidence interval, 145.5~145.7). Conclusion: We conclude that the medical records review of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) data can be very effective in promoting the understanding of the current status of TB in private institutions.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.216-226
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitude on tuberculosis by parents of North Korean refugees' children. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted. Data were collected from July to November, 2014 in Hanawon and 74 North Korean refugee parents participated in the study. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0. Results: The score for knowledge was 17.72 out of 30 points, for awareness in attitude, 49.34 out of 60 points and for prevention behavior in attitude, 48.39 out of 60 points. There were positive significant correlations among knowledge, attitude and health interest. There was also a significant positive correlation between awareness and prevention behavior in attitude, and between prevention behavior and health interest. Conclusion: North Korean refugee parents showed a low level of knowledge and a negative attitude. The implication of these results is an awareness of the need for education on the causes, transmission and importance of treatment for tuberculosis. This kind of education can guide North Korean refugee parents to obtain correct information and positive attitudes and therefore, be able to effectively practice appropriate health behaviors in tuberculosis management for their children.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제68권6호
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• pp.328-333
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• 2010

Background: There are several active tuberculosis (TB) cases in Korean high schools each school year. The risk of transmission in schools is extremely high due to the considerable time spent in closed classrooms. We evaluated the control of latent tuberculosis infection in Korean high schools. Methods: When a student was identified with active TB, tuberculin skin testing was performed on their classmates and on students in their same school grade. When a student had a positive tuberculin skin tests (TST), they underwent follow-up testing with QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT). The manufacturer recommended a cut-off of 0.35 IU/mL to determine QFT positivity was applied. Results: A total of 131 pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients were included based on the criteria for screening TB contacts in the National Tuberculosis Control Program. Seventy-five (57.2%) students tested smear positive. TST were performed on 7,109 students who were classmates of, or in the same grade as, a TB patient. Of the contacts, 1,231 students (17.3%) were TST positive and they were screened with QFT. Six hundred-sixty-six (55.0%) of the tested students returned a positive QFT result and the rate of positivity was significantly associated with the increasing size of TST indurations (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The use of QFT resulted in approximately 45% of TST positive students not being given chemoprophylaxis.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.7179-7186
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• 2014

이 연구는 감염병 발생자료와 감염병 관리사업 평가지표와의 관계를 실증적으로 분석함으로써 감염병 관리사업의 평가지표의 타당성을 실증적으로 분석함을 목적으로 하였다. 자료는 2004년과 2005년 2개년간의 시군구(보건소) 감염병 환자 발생 수 합계와 2005년도 감염병관리사업 평가지표 등 이었다. 자료의 분석은 빈도분석, 분산분석, 다중회귀분석 등을 이용하였다. 보건소 유형 및 법정감염병 각 군별로 각기 상이한 지표들이 도출되었으며, 각 군로도 특이한 지표 보다는 다양한 분야의 지표들이 혼재되어 있는 양상으로 도출되었다. 특히, 교육실적 등이 발생건수와 유의한 관계를 보이는 경우가 많아 발생건수는 신고건수 즉, 사업의 성과의 결과로 판단하는 것이 더욱 타당할 것으로 판단된다. 전체적인 지표의 개선이 필요하거나 사업의 투입시간 및 추이를 본 후 재평가가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 각 사업별로 분리하여 특이한 평가지표를 생산할 필요가 있어 보인다. 감염병관리사업의 평가지표 개발은 기초자치단체별 감염병관리사업 종합평가체계를 구축하는데 핵심적인 역할을 할 것이며, 감염병관련업무 표준화를 촉진하고 관련지침을 개정에 활용될 것이며, 향후 보건사업 및 보건의료조직의 계량적인 성과 평가에 활용될 것이다. 또한 시군구 보건소에서 수행한 성공적인 감염병 관리 사업의 사례를 발굴, 제시함으로써 보다 성공적인 감염병관시업의 접근이 가능케 할 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.151-161
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• 1974

Home visiting as a Public Health Horsing function is believed to be of therapeutic value to, the patient. However, home visiting is time consuming and expensive. Is the gain in knowledge and treatment for patients with Tuberculosis in Korea enough to make the necessary outlay in finances and personnel worthwhile\ulcorner While this study does not attempt to completely answer this question it does, under the following objectives, attempt to answer part of the question. The objectives of the study were to l) ascertain if there is a difference between patients, who receive home visits from the public Health Nurse and those who do not, in the following areas: a) their compliance with medical regimen, b) their ability to answer general questions about Tuberculosis, and c) their compliance with medical advice concerning prevention (B.C.G. immunization) and early diagnosis (contact X-rays), and 2) to determine if there is any correlation between the patient's answers to questions about Tuberculosis and his action both in the areas of treatment and prevention. The patients participating in the study were all newly diagnosed patients at Kwangju Christian Hospital. A control group and an experimental group were selected. The patients in the control group were seen according to the regular schedule at the Kwangju Christian Hospital except that they received no home visits from the Public Health Nurses. The patients in the experimental group were visited on an average of three times during the first two months of their treatment by the investigator, a Public Health Nurse. At the end of two months the patients in the two groups were compared as to compliance both in the treatment and preventive areas. They were also compared according to their answers to a questionnaire regarding both the prevention and treatment of Tuberculosis. The following results were obtained : 1. Patients in the experimental group (68.2%) showed a significantly higher compliance rate for medical treatment than patients in the control group (43.2%). 2. Patients in the experimental group (87.5%) showed a higher compliance rate for B.C.G. immunization than those in the control group (40%). 3. Women patients in the experimental group showed a higher mean score (7.2$\pm$2.6) on the questionnaire than did women in the control group (6.2$\pm$3.4). The results of this study seem to indicate that while home visiting is beneficial to the patient with Tuberculosis as far as treatment is concerned, something more concrete needs to be done if home visiting is to help the patient learn more about Tuberculosis and its prevention. Further study is indicated in the following areas: 1) A similar type of study over a longer period of time involving more subjects and using Korean Public Health Nurses to make the home visits. 2) Study to develop an adequate approach to education considering the problems unique to patients with Tuberculosis living in Korea.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 치위생학과 학생과 타 학과 학생의 결핵(Tuberculosis) 감염에 대한 지식과 태도 및 예방 행위 사이의 관계를 확인하는 것으로 하였다. 일반적 특성은 백분율을 구하였고, 결핵에 대한 지식, 태도, 예방행위의 관련성 분석은 상관관계분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 치위생학과 학생들의 결핵 감염에 대한 평균점수는 지식 13.56점, 태도 45.75점, 예방행위 41.75점 이었다. 타 학과 학생들의 결핵 감염에 대한 평균점수는 지식 12.93점, 태도 45.58점, 예방행위 42.01점 이었다. 두 그룹 학생들의 결핵에 대한 지식에서 예방행위에 미치는 태도의 매개효과 결과, 학생들의 결핵지식은 태도에 영향을 미치지만 예방행위에는 영향을 미치지 않고, 태도는 예방행위에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 학생들의 결핵 감염에 대한 예방행위를 향상시키기 위해서는 지식과 태도의 조정이 필요할 수 있다. 본 연구는 학생들의 결핵 감염 예방을 위한 교육 프로그램에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.300-307
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide basic data on the infection prevention management program, which is one of the infectious disease control program by identifying the prevalence and risk factors of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in healthcare workers. Methods: We surveyed a total of 3,046 LTBI test results, including those of 2,269 existing staff and 777 new employees. An interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) for the diagnosis of LTBI was performed using QuantiFERON^®-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-IT). The risk factors of LTBI were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Results: The overall prevalence of LTBI was 16.0% (487/3,046). The prevalence of LTBI in the existing staff was 17.9% (406/2,269) and the prevalence of LTBI in new employees was 10.4% (81/777). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk factors of latent tuberculosis infection among the existing staff were gender, age and work period wheres, the risk factor amongst the new employees depended on their age. Conclusion: The LTBI was not related to the type of occupation and work unit. Therefore, while establishing an infection control program for the prevention of tuberculosis infection at medical institurions, institutional heads and infection control experts should encompass a policy for all the employees.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.338-346
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• 2018

Two molecular epidemiologic methods, IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism (IS6110-RFLP) and 24-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable-number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR), are used worldwide in studies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Conversely, because of its poor resolution, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is not widely used for MTB. In this study, we improved the 24-locus MIRU-VNTR and PFGE protocols and compared the effectiveness of these approaches for the molecular typing of MTB using 75 clinical isolates obtained from a cohort investigation of high-risk populations infected with MTB. The 24-locus MIRU-VNTR method demonstrated superior discriminatory ability, followed by PFGE and IS6110-RFLP. Next, we analyzed six isolates with clear epidemiologic connections; that is, isolates from patients who attended the same school. IS6110-RFLP and PFGE identified these samples as the same type. By contrast, according to MIRU-VNTR, two isolates differed from four other isolates at one locus each; one isolate was identified as Mtub29 and the other as QUB-26. In summary, the 24-locus MIRU-VNTR assay was the most useful molecular typing method among the three methods investigated due to its discriminatory power, short time required, and availability as an epidemiologic investigation tool. PFGE was the second-best method. Compared with the other loci assessed in the 24-locus MIRU-VNTR assay, the Mtub29 and QUB-26 loci appeared to exhibit greater variability during transmission.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2009

Tuberculosis is a disease with high morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. Despite significant improvements in diagnostic methods, scientific researches and clinical trials for new regimens of treatment or prevention in adult tuberculosis, childhood tuberculosis has been relatively neglected. Children are at high risk of severe disease, and reactivation of latent infection in adulthood perpetuates the epidemic. Therefore, a policy of tuberculosis control in childhood should be emphasized to improve control in the total population. To understand the new view of childhood tuberculosis, this article describes changes in the disease's national epidemiology, new diagnostic tools and treatment strategies, and multi-drug resistance.

• 대한간호
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• 제15권1호통권81호
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• pp.43-57
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• 1976

Among those who were registered at the tuberculosis clinic of three health centers located in Seoul 274 patients answered the questionaires which asked for grasping their knowledge attitude & practice relative to its prevention & curing necessary for tube