• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.347-353
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• 2014

We present a synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) for enhancement of parallel-alignment and density using chemical vapor deposition with methane feed gas. As-purchased ST-cut quartz substrates were heat-treated and line-patterned by electron-beam lithography in order to grow SWNTs with parallel alignment. We investigated the effects of various synthesis parameters such as catalyst oxidation, reduction, and synthesis conditions in order to enhance both tube density and degree of parallel alignment. The condition of $1{\AA}$ of Fe catalyst film, atmospheric oxidation at $750^{\circ}C$ for 10 min, reduction under 400 Torr for 5 min, and growth at $865^{\circ}C$ under 300 Torr yields $33tubes/10{\mu}m$, which is the highest tube density with parallel alignment. Based on the results of atomic force microscope and Raman spectroscopy, it was found that SWNTs have diameter range of 0.8-2.0 nm. We believe that the present work would contribute to the development of SWNTs-based flexible functional devices.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.517-520
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• 2012

Single original gemcitabine is commonly used as salvage treatment in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer and primary peritoneal adenocarcinoma (PPA) with a satisfactory outcome. However, efficacy data fro this regimen are limited. We therefore conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the outcome of patients who received single-agent generic gemcitabine (GEMITA) after development of clinical platinum resistance. The study period was between May 2008 and December 2010. Gemcitabine was administered intravenously in two different schedules: 1,000 $mg/m^2$ on day 1,8, and 15 every 28 days; and on days 1 and 8 every 21 days with the same dosage. Administration was until disease progression was noted. The response rate was evaluated using the Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup (GCIG) criteria while toxicity was evaluated according to WHO criteria. Sixty-six patients met the inclusion criteria in the study period. Two-thirds of them received gemcitabine as the second and third line regimen. The overall response rate was 12.1%. The median progression free survival and overall survival was 2 and 10 months, respectively. With the total 550 courses of chemotherapy,the patients developed grades 3 and 4 hematologic toxicity as follows: anemia, 1.5%; leukopenia, 13.7%; neutropenia, 27.3%; and thrombocytopenia, 3.0%. In conclusion, single agent generic gemcitabine revealed a modest efficacy in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer and PPA without serious toxicity.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.174-182
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• 1979

This is a report on four cases of successful surgical correction of coarctation of the aorta [COA] in Department of the Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital. The first case was a postductal type of coarctation of the aorta associated with Patent ductus arteriosus [PDA], Persistent left superior vena cava [LSVC] and richly developed collateral circulation. Blood pressure was measured to be hypertensive at the arm, but hypotensive at the legs. The coarctation of the aorta was corrected with following procedure: Partial resection of the aortic wall with diaphragmatic structure lust above and below the coarctating line of the aorta, and then the defect of the aortic wall was closed by lateral aortographic suture. PDA was closed by ligation procedure. The second case a preductal type of coarctation of the aorta associated with PDA, LSVC, ventricular septal defect [VSD] and poorly developed collateral circulation. Normal blood pressure was measured at the arm, but hypotension was observed at the legs. Correction of coarctation of the aorta was performed under the establishment of tube bypass because of poor collateral circulation. After resection of coarctating short segment, end to end anastomosis was performed without any tension. PDA was closed by division procedure. Simple suture closure of VSD was performed by open heart surgery two weeks after correction of COA. The third case was a long segment COA without any other anomaly. Blood pressure was measured to be hypertensive at the arm, but hypotensive at the legs. Vascular prosthesis was performed using Teflon graft tube after resecting coarctating long segment [6.5 cm] of the aorta. The fourth case was a long segment COA associated with aortic insufficiency and richly developed collateral circulation. Normal blood pressure was measured at the arm, but hypotension was observed at the legs. Vascular prosthesis was performed using Teflon graft tube after resecting coarctating long segment [6.0 cm] of the aorta. Both blood pressure and peripheral pulse on the arm and the legs returned to normal postoperatively in all patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.131-137
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to warm up the conventional X-ray table by inventing and design for X-ray table with an attached heating device using less unloaded X-ray, CNT (carbon nano tube) heating element. Configuration of the product design for adhesive carbon heating element X-ray is composed of a conventional X-ray table, carbon nano tube planar heating element, an electrode line, flame resisting protective film, and the bottom film. Characteristics and advantages of this invented product is to provide gentle feeling, the sense of security, and eliminating anxiety to the patient wearing a patient gown and feel the cool air while receiving the test. Thus we are strongly recommend to use this device in the clinical situation.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.129-149
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• 1991

An attempt has been made to examine the characteristics of acoustic and MHD waves generated in stellar convection zones($4000\;K\;{\leq}\;T_{eff}\;{\leq}\;7000\;K$, $3\;{\leq}\;\log\;g\;{\leq}\;4.5$). With the use of wave generation theories formulated for acoustic waves by Stein (1967), for MHD body waves by Musielak and Rosner (1987, 1988) and for MHD tube waves by Musielak et al.(l989a, 1989b), the energy fluxes are calculated and their dependence on effective temperature, surface gravity and megnetic field strength are analyzed by optimization techniques. In computing magneto-convection models, the effect of magnetic fields on the efficiency of convection has been taking into account by extrapolating it from Yun's sunspot models(1968; 1970). Our study shows that acoustic wave fluxes are dominant in F and G stars, while the MHD waves dominant in K and M stars, and that the MHD wave fluxes vary as $T_{eff}^4{\sim}T_{eff}^7$ in contrast to the acoustic fluxes, as $T_{eff}^{10}$. The gravity dependence, on the other hand, is found to be relatively weak; the acoustic wave fluxes ${\varpropto}\;g^{-0.5}$, the longitudinal tube wave fluxes ${\varpropto}\;g^{0.3}$ and the transverse tube wave fluxes ${\varpropto}\;g^{0.3}$. In the case of the MHD body waves their gravity dependence is found to be nearly negligible. Finally we assesed the computed energy fluxes by comparing them with the observed fluxes $F_{ob}$ of CIV(${\lambda}1549$) lines and soft X-rays for selected main sequence stars. When we scaled the corrected wave fluxes down to $F_{ob}$, it is found that these slopes are almost in line with each other.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.235-242
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• 2020

Scanogram is that combine several practical images into one image to observation. So it is an important consideration in many clinical situation such as iliac measurement, leg alignment measurement and Scoliosis. Currently, scanogram examinations are mainly conducted for children and elderly patients. In this study, in order to apply the longbone detector to children or elderly patients who are difficult to cooperate with, we compared the longbone detector from D equipment with the G equipment discovery 656 Puls equipment in reproducibility of images, distribution of irradiation dose, scattering dose, irradiation time and image acquisition time. D equipment took more than twice as much time as G equipment. The scattered dose generated about 50% more G equipment than D equipment. In the whole spine scanogram and the measurement length of the lower leg, D equipment was also measured longer than G equipment. However, both methods did not show much difference from the CT scanogram, so there was no problem in measurement. The height of the thyroid radiation dose of G equipment was produced more radiation than D equipment. However, the longbone detector deviated from the x-ray center line relative to the tube rotation method, and was measured lower by the directionality of the measuring instrument, so that the error could not be corrected. In the conclusion of study, using the longbone detector is excellent for applying to children or elderly patients to reduce scattering dose. However, using CR may be useful to normal patients. Because, the image quality may deteriorate due to an imbalance of dose difference in thickness depending on the body part. So, it is useful to using a compensation filter or tube rotation method when we take a whole spine scanogram.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 2020

The grid structures with welded hollow spherical joint (WHSJ) have gained increasing popularity for use in industrial buildings with suspended cranes, and usually welded with steel tube (ST). The fatigue performance of steel tube-welded hollow spherical joint (ST-WHSJ) is however not yet well characterized, and there is little research on fatigue life prediction methods of ST-WHSJ. In this study, based on previous fatigue tests, three series of specimen fatigue data with different design parameters and stress ratios were compared, and two fatigue failure modes were revealed: failure at the weld toe of the ST and the WHSJ respectively. Then, S-N curves of nominal stress were uniformed. Furthermore, a finite element model (FEM) was validated by static test, and was introduced to assess fatigue behavior with the hot spot stress method (HSSM) and the effective notch stress method (ENSM). Both methods could provide conservative predictions, and these two methods had similar results. However, ENSM, especially when using von Mises stress, had a better fit for the series with a non- positive stress ratio. After including the welding residual stress and mean stress, analyses with the local stress method (LSM) and the critical distance method (CDM, including point method and line method) were carried out. It could be seen that the point method of CDM led to more accurate predictions than LSM, and was recommended for series with positive stress ratios.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.351-357
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• 2004

We have investigated the intensity of Cu 510.6 nm emission line in see-through hollow cathode glow discharge (st-HCGD) for the development of medical Cu vapor laser. In order to acquire the stable plasma in st-HCGD cell at high current, several factors such as current, the length and the inner diameter of cathode tube, the shape of the tube, and the range of the sputtering range were tested. An optimum condition in our st-HCGD cell was obtained at 600 V, 700 mA, 2.3 Torr of Ar gas (100 SCCM), and 40 mm of tube with 4-11-4 mm type cathode design. Also, it was indirectly observed that temperature in the cell could reach more than $1,000{\circ}C$ since Cu cathode was melt at the current more than 700 mA (melting point of Cu, $1084{\circ}C$).

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.399-402
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• 1996

Endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy (ETS) has recently become estabilished as a successful treatment for severe palmar and axillary hyperhidrosis. Descriptions have been published of neurolytic, operative and alternative endoscopic procedures involving thermocoagulation, laser coagulation, or or nonvideo-assisted ganglionectomy using equipment not widely available, with low morbidity and excellent results. All methods have advantage and disadvantages. A 19-year-old male who suffered from severe hyperhidrosis on face, palms and axillary areas, has been initially treated with stellate ganglion block in other pain clinic. He was transfered to our pain clinic for endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy. The patient was intubated left side 34 Fr. double lumen tube and positioned left semi-lateral position for right sympathectomy. Right side pneumothorax was created by clamping the ipsilateral side of the double lumen tube and aspiration of air. 11-mm trocar was introduced through incision at the third intercostal space in anterior axillary line, and then additional two 11-mm and 5-mm trocar was introduced through second and fifth intercostal space in mid axillary line. The lung was gently retracted and the parietal pleura over the heads of the appropriate ribs excised using 5-mm sharp insulated coagulating microprocesss. The T4, T3, and T2 ganglions, as well as accompanying rami communicantes, and other branchs arising from upper thoracic nerves to the brachial plexus and surrounding tissues were carefully dissected, coagulated. During sympathectomy, skin temperature of middle was continuously monitored. Elevation of palmar skin temperature intraoperatively indicated an adequate sympathectomy with a definite therapeutic effect. A No. 28 Fr. thoracotomy tube was introduced through a troca under video guidance, placed under water seal after the lung was reinflated. the controlateral side was performed same procedure. After bilateral sympathectomy, chest tubes were removed, and then, he was discharged 2 days after operation with great satisfaction. The ETS provides a well-tolerated, cost-effective alternative to thoracic sympathectomy for primary hyperhidrosis and sympathetic mediated neuropathic pain disorder. And T2 ganglion is considered the key ganglion for the treatment of primary hyperhidrosis. The low incidence of compensatory sweating may by explained by the limited extent of the sympathectomy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.417-422
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• 2014

In this study, the influence degree of the scattering of the line depending on the incident energy of the radiation objective was to evaluate a new method of quantitative methods of PSNR is provided.Value of MSE and PSNR of the DR and the Target is placed at the left when there was no change in CR Target, the change appeared to ttaran MSE and PSNR value in tube voltage. Both CR and DR seen that there is a variation of the MSE and PSNR depending on the tube voltage change Computon showed that the scattered radiation effects. If the CR and DR 80 The changes in the MSE and PSNR experience the symptoms suddenly occur in areas kVp was found to affect the optoelectronic Computon E, and at the same time, the scattered radiation detector Computon Computon by scattering due to the photoelectric effect. CR and DR of the imaging device in the future on the basis of the energy bands of the photoelectric effect of 60 kVp 70 kVp, 80 kVp, 90 kVp, compares the value of the PSNR and MSE 100 kVp in accordance with the change of the tube voltage of the CR and device DR proposes jigil scattering study of the degradation of the line quality is achieved.