• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.223-226
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• 2017

Purpose: This study examined two trunk strategies - medio-lateral ramp and anterior-posterior ram - and their effects on pelvis and trunk movements, providing basic material for safe ramp utilization. Methods: The present study included 20 asymptomatic males recruited from a local university. Participants were asked to stand with their feet shoulder-width apart. Their dorsal side faced the camera, and measurements were performed while standing in a neutral double stance, one leg stance, $15^{\circ}$ of medial and lateral ramp, and $15^{\circ}$ of anterior and posterior ramp. Participants were allowed to practice for 3 minutes, and each participant had a 30 seconds rest between the two ramp conditions. One-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to determine the effects the ramp conditions on spinal alignment. In all analyses, p<0.05 was used to indicate statistical significance. Results: The trunk-inclination angle on the posterior ramp was significantly lower than that of the double stance position (p<0.05). The trunk imbalance angle was significantly higher on the medial ramp, than that on the double stance position (p<0.05). The pelvic position and pelvic torsion angles were significantly higher in the medial, lateral, and anterior ramp positions than that of the double stance position (p<0.05). The pelvic rotation angles on the medial, lateral, and anterior ramps were significantly lower than that of the double stance position (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that when people are exposed to the same form of ramp for an extended period, posture modifications may be triggered.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.279-289
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• 2009

For a Product Oil Carrier, longitudinal bulkhead as well as transverse one is corrugated shape in general and intersection part of bulkheads is utilized for a pipe trunk. Since lower and upper stools are to be connected with all of longitudinal and transverse bulkheads, they have a uniform height respectively. The purpose of this study is the development of design system for the minimization of total weight of longitudinal and transverse bulkheads at the initial design stage. In this study, the beam element models for longitudinal and transverse corrugated bulkheads are established and they are applied to the structural analysis. For the practical design, the selection and the position of an additional pipe trunk are considered in this study. In addition the required minimum distance between the bracket installed along the web of corrugation at lower stool and the diaphragm is taken into consideration during optimization process. Evolution strategy(ES) is adopted as an optimization technique.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of mobile phone text messaging on the collision avoidance strategy for an approaching and stationary pedestrian. Method: Eighteen healthy young adults participated in this study. Each participant was asked to perform a task to walking with/without mobile phone text messaging and a task to avoid collisions with another pedestrian who was approaching or stationary during walking. Results: When text messaging with avoidance collision, it showed an early onset time, a larger mediolateral COM trajectory, trunk rotation angle and trunk rotation velocity (p<.05). Also, compared to an approaching pedestrian, when avoiding collision with a stationary pedestrian, it showed a later onset time, a lager avoidance displacement, mediolateral COM trajectory, trunk rotation angle (p<.05). Conclusion: Results suggest that mobile phone text messaging while collision avoidance leads to delay the perception stage and alters the adaptation stage. Consequently, pedestrian executed in an exaggerated avoidance action to create a greater safety margin when attending to mobile phone test messages while avoiding another pedestrian.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 수직점프시 몸통운동의 제약이 수직점프의 수행에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 10명의 성인 남성을 대상으로 몸통을 자유롭게 사용한 일반적인 형태와 몸통동작을 제한한 형태의 수직점프를 비교, 분석하였다. 분석 결과 몸통동작을 제한한 경우 비 제약점프에 비해 10% 정도의 수행 손실이 있었는데, 이는 이지 순간의 중심 높이보다는 이 지속도의 차이에 의해 발생하였다. 몸통의 운동은 엉덩관절의 모멘트 파워를 증가시켜 추진의 초기 시점부터 지면반력의 증가에 기여하였는데 이러한 요인이 수행력 증가의 주요한 요인으로 작용하였다. 반면 몸통운동이 제한된 점프에서는 엉덩관절에서의 역학적 출력의 감소를 보상하는 측면에서 무릎관절의 역할이 증가하였으나 충분치 못하였다. 또한 몸통동작의 제한으로 엉덩관절 무릎관절 발목관절의 순차적인 신전패턴과는 상이하게 추진시점 직후 엉덩관절과 무릎관절이 동시에 신전하는 형태의 점프가 이루어져 협응패턴의 변화가 나타났다. 결국 본 연구의 결과 몸통의 적절한 사용은 수직점프의 수행 향상에 효과적으로 기여하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.315-324
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• 2012

The purpose of current study was to investigate the effects of the heights on the lower extremities, torso and neck segments for energy dissipation during single-leg drop landing from different heights. Twenty eight young healthy male subjects(age: $23.21{\pm}1.66yr$, height: $176.03{\pm}4.22cm$, weight: $68.93{\pm}5.36kg$) were participated in this study. The subjects performed the single-leg drop landing from the various height(30, 45 & 60 cm). Force plates and motion-capture system were used to capture ground reaction force and kinematics data, respectively. The results were as follows. First, the ROM at the ankle, knee, hip and trunk was increased with the increased heights but the ROM at the neck was increased in the 60cm. Second, the angular velocity, moment and eccentric work at the ankle, knee, hip, trunk, and neck was increased with the increased heights. Third, the contribution to total work at the knee joint was not significantly different, while the ankle joint rate was decreased and hip and neck rate was increased in the 60cm, and trunk rate was increased with the increased heights. Lastly, the increase in landing height was able to augment the level of energy dissipation not only at the lower extremities but also at the trunk and neck. The findings showed that drop landing affect trunk and neck with lower extremity joints. Therefore, we need to consider that trunk and neck strengthening including stability should be added to reduce sports injury during prevention training.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제19권38호
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• pp.77-83
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• 1996

The design of multi -echelon distribution system is need for appropriate inventory control strategy considering for systematic tradeoff between trunk cost in central warehouse and inventory cost in regional warehouse. This study presents a method of the efficient inventory control of multi-echelon distribution system through partial leadtime management.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.28-36
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the trunk and the lower limb muscles during quiet standing on an unstable surface while wearing low-heeled shoes (3 cm), high-heeled shoes (7 cm) and without footwear (0 cm) in 20 young healthy women. The subjects stood on an unstable surface for 30 seconds. We examined the differences in the EMG data of the erector spinae, rectus abdominis, biceps femoris, rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, and the gastrocnemius medialis muscle. A one-way repeated analysis of variance was used to compare the effects of shoe heel height on the EMG activity with the level of significance set at ${\alpha}=.05$. The EMG activity of the erector spinae and the rectus femoris were significantly increased (p<.05) in the subjects who wore elevated heel height, while the tibialis anterior and the gastrocnemius medialis were significantly decreased (p<.05). However, the rectus abdominis and the biceps femoris exhibited no significant difference among the three conditions. The above results indicate that wearing high-heeled shoes may change the postural strategy. The findings of this study suggest that excessive heel height could contribute to an increased fall risk during quiet standing.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.319-324
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• 2006

Studied was a strategy of technology development for railway system in terms of railway network. First, The successful launch of the Korean HST system has not only decreased logistics burden but also significantly transformed the Korean trunk-line railway network, revolutionizing the logistics and technology sectors and reinvigorating the Korean railway industry in one century. Korean railway industry sector is now investing to develop many different types of railway system(G7, Post G7, tilting train...) so that these kinds of various railway system development should be integrated with the National Inter-modal Transportation Network Plan. To secure sufficient capacity that is required by the National Railroad Plan, the railway industry needs to establish mid- and long-term train purchase and operation strategies in compliance with railway construction and operation policies. During a railway construction planning, train operators, based on their train operation strategies, should come up with measures to closely cooperate with project operators from the planning stage through to the opening of a railway system. To be more precise, train operators should establish long-term train procurement plans reflecting both long-term national railroad network plans and plans for each railway line in order to suggest appropriate roles and schedules for each line. Also, based on the long-term railway plan, directions should be decided concerning the research and development of trains in advance.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.449-458
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• 2024

Selective fascicular involvement of the median nerve trunk above the elbow leading to anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) syndrome is a rare form of peripheral neuropathy. This condition has recently garnered increased attention within the medical community owing to advancements in imaging techniques and a growing number of reported cases. In this article, we explore the topographical anatomy of the median nerve trunk and the clinical features associated with AIN palsy. Our focus extends to unique manifestations captured through MRI and ultrasonography (US) studies, highlighting noteworthy findings, such as nerve fascicle swelling, incomplete constrictions, hourglass-like constrictions, and torsions, particularly in the posterior/posteromedial region of the median nerve. Surgical observations have further enhanced the understanding of this complex neuropathic condition. High-resolution MRI not only reveals denervation changes in the AIN and median nerve territories but also illuminates these alterations without the presence of compressing structures. The pivotal roles of high-resolution MRI and US in diagnosing this condition and guiding the formulation of an optimal treatment strategy are emphasized.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제59권5호
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• pp.525-528
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• 2016

Preservation of the optic nerves is an important issue in the resection of tuberculum sellae meningiomas. We report the case of a patient whose optic nerve was penetrated by a tuberculum sellae meningioma. During surgery, a bulging tumor was found to penetrate the right optic nerve. The tumor was gross totally removed, including tumors bulging through the optic nerve. Two trunks of the split optic nerve were preserved. The penetrated shape of the optic nerve may lead to misjudgment and its damage. Divided trunks of optic nerves are difficult to recognize and may be confused for the tumor capsule, because they may be thinned and seem to contain tumors. In addition, a single trunk may be confused for the whole nerve; thus, the other trunk may be easily damaged if not dissected cautiously. Treatment strategy according to the remnant visual acuity was suggested.