• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 1984

Proximate, calcium, phosphorus and amino acid composition were determined for sardine fish meal (SM), herring fish meal (HM), anchovy fish meal (AM), alaskapolack by-product meal (ABM) and file fish by-product meal (FBM) produced domestically. These fish protein sources were fed to adult male of meat type (Waren G) broiler chicks to determine the true availability of amino acids. The true availability of essential amino acids were closely related to various fish meals with a few exceptions (e.g. valine, methionine, isoleucine and leucine). Average true availability of essential amino acids (9 amino acids) were 95, 93, 93, 91 and 91 percent for AM, SM, FBM; HM and ABM, respectively. Significant differences in the true availability of each individual amino acid were observed among fish meal tested (P＜0.01). Lysine availability was low in HM, ABM and FBM whereas phenylalanine was the lowest in FBM and ABM, respectively. AM showed the highest true amino acid availability among all fish meal tested.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.166-172
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• 2001

Various types of the seeding of bottle gourd widely used as a rootstock of watermelon has been required to satisfy the farmers need. The study was done to determine the effect of light quality of blue, red and far-red lights treated with light emitting diodes on growth and morphology of bottle goured seeding and chlorophyll content of its cotyledons. The lights were treated in the growth chamber for 7 days to the seeding elapsed 8 days after sowing under natural condition, and 64 hole trays with commercial bedsoil. Plant height, length and diameter of hypocotyl, leaf area of cotyledon and first true leaf, its leaf length, number of true leaves, fraction and total dry weight were measured. Red light shortened and slenderized the hypocotyl, which lengthened by far-red light and thickened by blue light. Plant height was declined in order of far-red light treatment, blue and red lights mainly due to difference of hypocotyl length, Area and length of the first true leaf became smaller and shorter under far-red light than under the other lights. However, blue light increased leaf area of cotyledons. Two cultivars cv. Yongjadaemok and cv. Kunghap had different response to the light treatments in total seedling dry weight(dw); far-red and red light treatments showed the greatest and the least dw of hypocotyl, respectively, while blue and red lights did the greatest dw of the other organs. Among the ratio of each organ dw to total dw, those of hypocotyl and true leaves were different between the light treatments; the highest ratio of hypocotyl dw to total dw was observed in far-red light treatment but the lowest was in red light treatment. Those of the true leaves were the lowest in far-red light and similar response in blue or red light treatment. Chlorophyll content of cotyledons was decreased in order of red light treatment, blue and far-red lights, meaning that short period light treatment may influence photosynthesis of seeding and afterward its growth.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.315-318
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• 2011

Purpose: An aneurysm is defined as a permanent, localized dilation of an artery with a 50% increase in diameter over its expected normal diameter. Aneurysms can be classified by cause as traumatic and nontraumatic. Traumatic aneurysms can be divided into true and false aneurysms. Nontraumatic causes of peripheral artery aneurysms include mycotic, atherosclerotic, inflammatory, and idiopathic. In the hand, true aneurysms occurring at the common digital artery have been rarely reported. We present a rare case of a true aneurysm of the common digital artery that was resected and reconstructed using a reversed vein graft. Methods: A 49-year-old male patient was refered to our institution with a $0.73{\times}0.44{\times}1.37cm$ sized pulsating mass between 2nd and 3rd flexor digitorum tendons on Lt. palm area. The mass had been present for 5 years and had increased in size over the previous year. No history of trauma was reported. After a physical examination and ultrasound sonography review, a diagnosis of aneurismal dilatation of common digital artery was made. Surgical treatment by excision of the aneurysm, and a reversed vein graft was performed. Results: Histologic examination of the specimen ($3.4{\times}0.7cm$) showed aneurismal dilatation, with elastin fibers present in the arterial wall. The lesions were healed without any complications and there were no evidence of recurrence. Doppler examination of the reconstruction showed good perfusion. Conclusion: Early excision is recommended to relieve symptoms and avoid neurologic damage. Also, artery reconstruction can be performed by primary end-to-end anastomosis or the placement of a reversed interposition vein graft. Micro surgical repair was the only possible treatment in this case. The authors believe that the vascular anatomy should always be restored as natural as possible.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.143-155
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• 2011

By examining the relationship between physiological character of stomach and true viscera pulse(眞臟脈) with "Huangdinejing(黃帝內經)", the study shows these fallowing results. Stomach is not only one of the six bowels(六腑), it represents them. It is called as yang brightness of foot(足陽明) because it has relation with function of earth among five phases(五行), great storage(倉廩) and root of five visceras and six bowels(五臟六腑), has close relationship with triple energizers(三焦). Stomach is an important organ that feeds acquired qi(後天之氣) based on food and stomach qi (胃氣) which is a transformed form by going through digestion, is significant for life conservation. In human body, the activation of stomach qi can be known by pulse. The true viscera pulse is a pulse which predicts the period of death. If stomach qi exsits, viscera qi can be led to greater yin of hand(手太陰), however, when it does not exist, five viscera qi can not be led to greater yin of hand and this kind of situation appears the true viscera pulse. Hence, by knowing the relation between stomach qi and five viscera qi, the condition of normality, disease, and death can be known. In "Hwangdineijing" it says, stomach qi, shortly string like pulse(微弦), shortly surging pulse(微鉤), shortly floating pulse(微毛), and shortly sunken pulse(微毛) shown in four seasons are normal pulse. And also it emphasizes, normal pulse is made when four seasons, five viscera pulse, and stomach qi are in harmony. In conclusion, stomach qi is based on food for well being, and a standard of judging people whether they are living in a healthy life or not.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.1185-1188
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• 2005

비정상 행위에 대한 true/false 방식의 공격 탐지 및 대응방법은 높은 오탐지율(false-positive)을 나타내기 때문에 이를 대체할 새로운 공격 탐지방법과 공격 대응방법이 연구되고 있다. 대표적인 연구로는 트래픽 제어 기술을 이용한 단계적 대응방법으로, 이 기술은 비정상 트래픽에 대해 단계적으로 대응함으로써 공격의 오탐지로 인하여 정상 서비스를 이용하는 트래픽이 차단되지 않도록 하는 기술이다. 비정상 트래픽 중 포트스캔 공격은 네트워크 기반 공격을 위해 공격대상 호스트의 서비스 포트를 찾아내는 공격으로 이 공격을 탐지하기 위해서는 일정 시간동안 특정 호스트의 특정 포트에 보내지는 패킷 수를 모니터링 하여 임계치와 비교하는 방식의 true/false 방식의 공격 탐지방법이 주로 사용되었다. 비정상 트래픽 제어 프레임워크(Abnormal Traffic Control Framework)는 true/false 방식의 공격 탐지방법을 이용하여 공격이 탐지되었을 때, 처음에는 트래픽 제어로 대응하고 같은 공격이 재차 탐지되었을때, 차단하여 기존의 true-false 방식의 공격 탐지 및 대응방법이 가지는 높은 오탐지율을 낮춘다. 하지만 포트스캔 공격의 특성상, 공격이 탐지된 후 바로 차단하지 못하였을 경우, 이미 공격자가 원하는 모든 정보를 유출하게 되는 문제가 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 True/False 방식의 포트스캔 공격 탐지방법에 퍼지 로직 개념을 추가하여 공격 탐지의 정확성을 높이고 기존의 탐지방법을 이용하였을 때보다 신속한 트래픽 제어 및 차단을 할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2015

This study examined true modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rigidity (G) for domestic woods with different slenderness ratios (L/D) using the static bending and stress wave tests. Bending properties of small clear wood specimen of three domestic wood species were determined at 12% moisture content. The results of this study indicated that both MOR and MOE of domestic woods were affected by the slenderness ratio. As the slenderness ratio increased, MOR and MOE increased. G and true MOE of domestic timber beams were obtained at different slenderness ratios by flexure test and stress wave test. The values reported here can be useful if these species woods are used for structural purposes. However, the reported values are only indicative and do not represent the true average of wood species due to the limited number of specimens tested.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.454-462
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• 2015

An extended study was conducted on the fracture criterion by Choung et al. (2011; 2012) and Choung and Nam (2013), and the results are presented in two parts. The theoretical background of the fracture and the results of new experimental studies were reported in Part I, and three-dimensional fracture surface formulations and verifications are reported in Part II. How the corrected true stress can be processed from the extrapolated true stress is first introduced. Numerical simulations using the corrected true stress were conducted for pure shear, shear-tension, and pure compression tests. The numerical results perfectly coincided with test results, except for the pure shear simulations, where volume locking appeared to prevent a load reduction. The average stress triaxialities, average normalized lode parameters, and equivalent plastic strain at fracture initiation were extracted from numerical simulations to formulate a new three-dimensional fracture strain surface. A series of extra tests with asymmetric notch specimens was performed to check the validity of the newly developed fracture strain surface. Then, a new user-subroutine was developed to calculate and transfer the two fracture parameters to commercial finite element code. Simulation results based on the user-subroutine were in good agreement with the test results.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.162-166
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose a WDM optical true time-delay (OTTD) beam former for phased way antenna (PAA) systems. It is composed of a delay lines matrix and a multiwavelength source with discrete DFB laser diodes. The building block of a delay lines matrix is a $2\times2$ optical MEMS switch with proper fiber-optic delay line connected between cross ports. A $4\times3$ matrix using four DFB lasers has been fabricated with unit time-delay difference of 12 ps. Maximum time-delay error was measured to be -1.74 ps and +1.14 ps at a radiation angle of $46.05^{\circ}$, corresponding to error range of $-2.87^{\circ}\sim+1.88^{\circ}$. By measuring time-delays at six different RF frequencies from 5- to 10-GHz, we verified the true time-delay characteristic of our OTTD.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.99-104
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• 2012

Background: Previous studies have shown that if performed without radiographic guidance, the loss of resistance (LOR) technique can result in inaccurate needle placement in up to 30% of lumbar epidural blocks. To date, no study has shown the efficacy of measuring the depth of the posterior complex (ligamentum flavum, epidural space, and posterior dura) ultrasonographically to distinguish true and false LOR. Methods: 40 cervical epidural blocks were performed using the LOR technique and confirmed by epidurograms. Transverse ultrasound images of the C6/7 area were taken before each cervical epidural block, and the distances from the skin to the posterior complex, transverse process, and supraspinous ligament were measured on each ultrasound view. The number of LOR attempts was counted, and the depth of each LOR was measured with a standard ruler. Correlation of false and true positive LOR depth with ultrasonographically measured depth was also statistically analyzed. Results: 76.5% of all cases (26 out of 34) showed false positive LOR. Concordance correlation coefficients between the measured distances on ultrasound (skin to ligamentum flavum) and actual needle depth were 0.8285 on true LOR. Depth of the true positive LOR correlated with height and weight, with a mean of $5.64{\pm}1.06cm$, while the mean depth of the false positive LOR was $4.08{\pm}1.00cm$. Conclusions: Ultrasonographic measurement of the ligamentum flavum depth (or posterior complex) preceding cervical epidural block is beneficial in excluding false LOR and increasing success rates of cervical epidural blocks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1996.05a
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• pp.185-190
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• 1996

RFSP is a computer program to do fuel management calculations for CANDU reactors. Its main function is to calculate neutron flux and power distributions using two-energy-group, three dimensional neutron diffusion theory. However, up to now the treatment has not been true two-group but actually "one-and-half groups". In other words, the previous (1.5-group) version of RFSP lumps the fast fission term into the thermal fission term. This is based on the POWDERPUFS-V Westcott convention. Also, there is no up-scattering term or bundle power over cell flux (H1 factor) for the fast group. While POWDERPUFS-V provides only 1.5 group properties, true two-group cross sections for the design and analysis of CAUDU reactors can be obtained from WIMS-AECL. To treat the full two-group properties, the previous RFSP version was modified by adding the fast fission, up-scatter terms, and H1 factor. This two-group version of RFSP is a convenient tool to accept lattice properties from any advanced lattice code (e.g. WIMS-AECL DRAGON, HELIOS...) and to apply to advanced fuel cycles. In this study, the modification to implement the true two-group treatment was performed only in the subroutines of the ＊SIMULATE module of RFSP. This module is the appropriate one to modify first, since it is used for the tracking of reactor operating histories. The modified two-group RFSP was evaluated with true two-group cross sections from WIMS-AECL. Some tests were performed to verify the modified two-group RFSP and to evaluate the effects of fast fission and up-scatter for three core conditions and four cases corresponding to each condition. The comparisons show that the two-group results are quite reasonable and serve as a verification of the modifications made to RFSP. To assess the long-term impact of the full 2-group treatment, it is necessary to simulate a long period (several months) of reactor history. It will also be necessary to implement the full two-group treatment of reactivity devices and assess the reactivity-device worths.ce worths.