• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.335-341
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• 2009

In this paper, review of developed MLS-based finite elements and a proposal for their applications are described. The shape functions and their derivatives of MLS-based finite elements are constructed using Moving-Least Square approximation. In MLS-based finite element, using the adequate influence domain of weight function used in MLS approximation, kronecker delta condition could be satisfied at the element boundary. Moreover, because of the characteristics of MLS approximation, we could easily add extra nodes at an arbitrary position in MLS-based finite elements. For these reasons, until now, several variable-node elements(2D variable element for linear case and quadratic case and 3D variable-node elements) and finite crack elements are developed using MLS-based finite elements concept. MLS-based finite elements could be extended to 2D variable-node triangle element, 2D finite crack triangle element, variable-node shell element, finite crack shell element, and 3D polyhedron element. In this paper, we showed the feasibility of 3D polyhedron element at the case of femur meshing.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2015

This paper aimed at modeling a fine triangular grid for network dome by using Harmony Search (HS) algorithm. For this purpose, an optimization process to find a fine regular triangular mesh on the curved surface was proposed and the analysis program was developed. An objective function was consist of areas and edge's length of each triangular and its standard deviations, and design variables were subject to the upper and lower boundary which was calculated on the nodal connectivity. Triangular network dome model, which was initially consist of randomly irregular triangular mesh, was selected for the target example and the numerical result was analyzed in accordance with the HS parameters. From the analysis results of adopted model, the fitness function has been converged and the optimized triangular grid could be obtained from the initially distorted network dome example.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the Bonwill triangle of Korean using the cone beam computerized tomography (Cone-beam CT). Materials and Methods: 120 Koreans (60 males and 60 females) who visited Daejeon Dental College Hospital of Wonkwang University and who underwent the Cone-beam CT were selected. The Cone-beam CT images were analysed with Invivo 5.1 (Anatomage, San Jose, USA). After reorientation of axis, the intercondylar distance was measured by clicking both middle points of condyle. And the condyle-incisor distance was measured by clicking the middle point of condyle and contact point of the mandibular central incisor's incisal edge. The collected data were analysed using the SPSS Version 23.0 (IBM Inc., Armonk, USA) and statistical significance was verified by gender using independent t-test. Results: The mean intercondylar distance of Korean was 105.9 mm, and the male (108.3 mm) was statistically significantly larger than the female (103.4 mm). The mean condyle-incisor distance of Korean was 105.2 mm, and the male (108.1 mm) was statistically significantly larger than the female (102.3 mm). Conclusion: The mean intercondylar distance of Korean in this study was 105.9 mm that was smaller than well-known 110 mm of Caucasian and the male was statistically significantly larger than the female. Within the limitations of this study, it would be necessary to use the articulator which can adjust the intercondylar distance according to the individual for prosthodontic treatment of Korean.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.9-18
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• 2014

The purpose of this research is to initiate discussion to simplify existing tools and methods for managing projects which make project management a harder job to perform and a tougher task to handle. Additionally, summarizing the definitions of "project" that have been found from reviewing the relevant literature, it deliberates on revising the duties and responsibilities of project manager and proposes performance expectancy triangle explaining a relationship among accountability, responsibility and authority - the Tri-butes. It sheds light on several factors critical to the success of projects. Finally, we propose a function indicating that customer demands or desires greatly affect project complexity.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.879-885
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• 2013

In this paper, we de ne an extension $f^*:[a,b]{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}$ of function $f^*:[a,b]_{\mathbb{T}}{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}$ for a time scale ${\mathbb{T}}$ and prove the convergence theorems for the Henstock delta integral on time scales.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.113-121
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• 2014

In this paper, we define an extension $f^*:[a,\;b]{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}$ of a function $f:[a,\;b]_{\mathbb{T}}{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}$ for a time scale $\mathbb{T}$ and show that f is McShane delta integrable on $[a,\;b]_{\mathbb{T}}$ if and only if $f^*$ is McShane integrable on [a, b].

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.173-183
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• 2002

This study reviewed a broad range of existing reform options, and on the basis of this review proposed a number of initiatives for institutional reform in developing countries. This strategies were intended to help FAO staff to provide guidance to the developing countries for the reform of their agricultural and rural extension systems. The paper defines the distinction among extension as a function, agricultural extension as part of a larger knowledge triangle, and agricultural and rural extension as an expanded concept of knowledge and information systems. The focus is on new measures that promote food security, market-driven system, and highly competitive agribusiness enterprises. Moreover, this study focus on the tensions that exist between the modern force of globalization and the traditional forces of culture, geography, and community.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1993.11a
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• pp.299-303
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• 1993

There can be two methods in control systems: one is to use a linear controller, the other is to use a nonlinear controller. The PID controller and the fuzzy controller can be said to belong the linear and the nonlinear controller respectively. In this paper, a new hybrid controller which is consist of the linear PID controller of which the gain is tuned and the nonlinear self tuning fuzzy controller is proposed. In the PID controller, an algorithm which parameterizes the proportional, the intergral, and the derivative gain as a single parameter is used to improve the performance of the PID controller. In the self tuning fuzzy controller, an algorithm which changes the shape of the triangle membership function and changes the scaling factor which is multiplied to the error and the error change. The evaluation of the performance of the suggested algorithm is carried on by the simulation for the Rhino XH-2 robot manipulator with 5 links revolute joints.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.625-630
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• 2013

In this paper, we define an extension $f^*:[a,b]{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}$ of a function $f^*:[a,b]_{\mathbb{T}}{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}$ for a time scale $\mathbb{T}$ and show that $f$ is Henstock delta integrable on $[a,b]_{\mathbb{T}}$ if and only if $f^*$ is Henstock integrable on $[a, b]$.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.66-74
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• 2004

In this paper the authors presents a new method, named FR-SERVQUAL, of evaluating perceived service quality in Public Sectors, using triangle fuzzy numbers and semantic differential scale. By conventional quantification methods, it is not easy to express the notion of a linguistic variables and customers' subjective judgements. In contrast to the conventional PZB methods which express the customers' perception of quality as a function of gap between the expected and perceived service, this paper suggests to use the ratio of the two. Through an application example, this paper shows that the current FR-SERVQUAL approach provides a more realistic way of measuring service quality compared to existing methods.