• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2003

The purpose of the present study was to the investigate the effect of sports massage, kaltenborn-evjenth orthopedic manipulative therapy and electrical therapy, general exercise on the limitation of range of motion(ROM) and on the pain(VAS) in patients with frozen shoulder. Fiftheen frozen shoulder patients between 50 and 60 years of age(females) were selected and were divided equally by random distribution into A group(sports massage, kaltenborn-evjenth orthopedic manipulative therapy, N=7)and B(electrical therapy, general exercise therapy, N=7) group. The results obtained were as follows : 1) The range of motion between two groups are significantly different in the treatment times, the ROM of A group increase in after-treatment(2 week 4 week) in comparison with ROM in before-treatment, it is significant increase. And it is significant difference in B group. 2) The pain level between two groups are not significantly different in the treatment times, the pain level of A group decrease in after-treatment(2 week, 4 week) in comparison with before-treatment, it is significant decrease. And it is significant difference in B group. Although the pain level of the A group decrease in after 2 week treatment in comparison with before-treatment but it is not significant decrease. Although the pain level of the B group decrease in after 4 week treatment in comparison with after 2 week treatment, but it is not significant decrease. 3) The A group is more effective in increasing the ROM and decreasing the pain level than B group during treatment times. The results showed that both A group method and B group method are effective ROM increase and pain reduce, but A group method is superior to B group method in ROM increase and pain reduce.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.113-124
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• 2007

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of joint mobilization on the rang of motion and pain of patient with chronic low back pain. Methods : The subjects were consisted of thirty patients with chronic low back pain(19 females, 11 males ; mean aged 59.93) from 50 to 71. All subjects randomly assigned to the modalities treatment group, joint mobilization group. Modalities treatment group received hot pack used thermal therapy for 20minutes and ICT used electrical therapy for 15minutes, joint mobilization group received modalities treatment with sustained natural apophyseal glides(SNAGS) techniques of Mulligan for 10minutes per day and three times a week during 2 weeks period. Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) was used to measure subjective pain level. Remodified Schober test(RST) was used to measure range of motion of lumbar spine. All measurements of each patients were measured at pre-treatment and 2 weeks post-treatment. Results : The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1. VAS was joint mobilization group showed significantly decreased more than modalities treatment group (p<.05). 2. The lumbar flexion range of motion was joint mobilization group showed significantly decreased more than modalities treatment group(p<.05). 3. The lumbar extension range of motion was joint mobilization group showed significantly decreased more than modalities treatment group(p<.05). 4. The lumbar left lateral flexion range of motion was joint mobilization group showed significantly decreased more than modalities treatment group(p<.05). 5. The lumbar right lateral flexion range of motion was joint mobilization group showed significantly decreased more than modalities treatment group(p<.05). Conclusion : These data suggests that SNAGS of Mulligan is beneficial treatment for chronic low back pain.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.131-140
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• 2014

Objectives This study was aimed at comparing clinical effectiveness among trigger point treatment, Self-exercise treatment, trigger point - self-exercise cooperative treatment for neck pain caused by traffic accidents. Methods 63 patients with neck pain by traffic accidents were divided into 3 groups. Different types of treatments were carried out for each groups ; group A with trigger point, group B with self-exercise, group C with trigger point and self-exercise cooperative treatment. 3 groups were also treated with general acupuncture and herb-medicine treatment. Pain threshold, visual analogue scale (VAS), and neck disability index (NDI) were checked on a daily basis. SPSS ver. 18.0 for Windows was used for analysis of data. The effectiveness of treatment of each groups were verified by using paired test and one-way repeated-measures ANOVA test, and the comparison of VAS, NDI and pain threshold were demonstrated by independent samples t-test. Results 3 groups all showed significant difference in pain threshold, VAS and NDI after 8 days later. Group C showed more improvement in pain threshold, VAS and NDI than shown in group A and B. In the first period (from pre-treatment to 4th day treatment) group C showed significant difference in NDI and pain threshold but not in VAS as compared to group A and B. In the second period (from 4th treatment to 8th day treatment), Group C showed significant difference in pain threshold, VAS and NDI as compared to group A and B. Conclusions Trigger point - self-exercise cooperative treatment is proved to be more helpful to improve the unstability and reduce neck pain than trigger point treatment or self-exercise treatment only, therefore eventually leading to better satisfaction for patients with neck pain.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2004

Objective: This study was to evaluate the influence of stress on Peripheral Facial Paralysis during the complex traditional korean medical treatment. Methods: We investigated 41 cases of patients with Peripheral Facial Paralysis who were given the complex traditional korean medical treatment. one group had stress as main factor, the other group didn't it. we evaluated the treatment effect of each group by using Gross Grading System of House-Brackmann, Yanagihara's Unweighed Grading System. Results : 1. In age, sex, lesion, duration of disease, frequency of treatment, duration of treatment, we found that two groups have no significant differences. 2. Pain back of the ear showed the highest frequency in symptoms at onset. 3. Boyangwhanotang showed the highest frequency in oriental herb medicine treatment. 4. As a result of evaluation by using Gross Grading System of House-Brackmann, Yanagihara's Unweighed Grading System, treatment score after 2weeks was marked more higher than score before treatment and treatment score after final treatment was more higher than treatment score after 2weeks on each groups. 5. After final treatment, Non-stress group had signficant result on Gross Grading System of House-Brackmann, Yanagihara's Unweighed Grading System compared with stress group. Conclusion : These results suggested that patient with Non-stress group should be get better than stress group.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was carried out to compare the Sweet Bee Venom (referred to as Sweet BV hereafter) acupuncture parallel treatment to treatment with acupuncture only for the patient diagnosed with lumbar spine sprain and find a better treatment. Methods : The subjects were patients diagnosed with lumbar spine sprain and hospitalized at Suncheon oriental medical hospital, which was randomly divided into sweet BV parallel treatment group and acupuncture-only group, and other treatment conditions were maintained the same. Then, VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) was used to compare the difference in the treatment period between the two groups from VAS 10 to VAS 0, from VAS 10 to VAS 5, and from VAS 5 to VAS 0. Result & Conclusion : Sweet BV parallel treatment group and acupuncture-only treatment group were compared regarding the respective treatment period, and as the result, the treatment period from VAS 10 to VAS 5 was significantly reduced in sweet BV parallel treatment group compared to the acupuncture-only treatment group, but the treatment period from VAS 5 to VAS 0 did not show a significant difference. Therefore, it can be said that sweet BV parallel treatment is effective in shortening the treatment period and controlling early pain compared to acupuncture-only treatment.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2005

Objectives : Research on the effect and satisfaction between Acupuncture Treatment, Physical Treatment and contemporary Treatments of Acupuncture and Physical of lumbago patients Methods : We separated lumbago patients into three groups. A group with only Acupuncture Treatment and a group with only Physical Treatment and a group with contemporary treatments of Acupuncture and Physical. Questionnaire survey and score of Visual Analog Scale(VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) were examined for comparison. Results & Conclusion : 1. Of the 54 patients Acupuncture Teatment group had 17 patients with similar ratio of gender and the average age was 39.5 years old. For the Physical Treatment group the ratio of male was 75% of the 8 patients and had the youngest average age which was 29.1 years old and the group with contemporary Treatments the ratio of female was 62% of 29 patients and had the oldest average age which was 46.7 years old. 2. The Acupuncture Treatment group had the shortest treatment period because of many acute stage caused by lumber sprain and the improvement score was the best. The group of contemporary treatments had the longest history day and treatment period by serious disease like HIVD and spinal stenosis but the improvement score of VAS and ODI was good similar to the Acupuncture Treatment group. For the Physical Treatment group there was many patients with degenerative change but not severe pain. The VAS, ODI and the improvement score was the lowest before and after the treatment.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of mobilization combined active movement(SNAGS) on the pain and recovery of function of acute low back pain patients. Methods: The subjects were consisted of 135 patients with acute low back pain. All subjects randomly assigned to mobilization group, stretching exercise group and modality treatment group. The mobilization group received mobilization combined active movement(SNAGS) with modality treatment, exercise group received stretching exercise with modality treatment and modality treatment group received modality treatment. Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) was used to measure patient's pain level and Patient Specific Functional Scale(PSFS) was used to measure patient's functional disability level. Results: The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1. Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) was mobilization group showed significantly decreased more than comparison group(p<.01) and active treatment group showed significantly decreased more than passive treatment group(p<.01). 2. Patient Specific Functional Scale(PSFS) was mobilization group showed significantly increased more than comparison group(p<.01) and active treatment group showed significantly increased more than passive treatment group(p<.01). Conclusion: It maybe suggested that mobilization combined active movement(SNAGS) is beneficial treatment for acute low back pain patient.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.84-94
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to evaluate flexure strength of composite resin inlay according to heat treatment and duration in comparasion with visible light-cured resin. In this study, materials were used 1 visible light-cured resin and 3 kinds of composite resin inlays. Control group was visible light cured resin (Photo Clearfil Posterior) and experimental groups were composite resin inlays (Brilliant Dentin, Brilliant Enamel and Clearfil CR Inlay). Experimental groups were divided 3 groups: First group was Brilliant Dentin and second group was Brilliant Enamel and -third group was Clearfil CR Inlay. Used experimental groups were calculated flexural strength according to heat treatment and duration. The following results were obtained: 1. Experimental groups were higher flexural strength than control group. 2. At $100^{\circ}C$ when heat treatment carried out 7 minutes flexural strength elevated third group, second group, first group in turn and when heat treatment carried out 15 minutes flexural strength elevated third group, second group, first group in turn but no difference was showed between first and second group. 3. At $125^{\circ}C$ when heat treatment was carried out 7 minutes flexural strength elevated third group, second group, first group in turn and when heat treatment was carried out 15 minutes flexural strength elevated third group, first group, second group in turn but no difference was showed between first and second group. 4. In spite of heat treatment and duration the third group was highest flexural strength in the others groups.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.657-668
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• 2008

Purpose: In this study, we compared low-power $CO_2$ laser treatment to ultrasonic scaling, which is generally approved as a power-driven mechanical instrumentation, and evaluated both of these treatments regarding their clinical effectiveness and change in the volume of in GCF. Material and methods: 20 patients who had gingivitis were selected. all of patients has no systemic problems. Randomly selected, one quadrant received ultrasonic scaling only, another quadrant received ultrasonic scaling and $CO_2$ laser irradiation, the other quadrant received $CO_2$ laser irradiation only. Clinical parameters measured at baseline, 1 weeks, 2weeks, 4weeks and 8weeks. Result: Pocket probing depth and clinical attachment level were not changed during study period. Gingival index of all group were improved after treatment. At 1 weeks after treatment, Gingival index of ultrasonic scaling group was only significantly different compared to control group. At 2 weeks after treatment, gingival index of all experimental group were significantly different compared to control group. At 4 and 8 weeks after treatment, gingival index of all group were increased, but experimental group were lower than control group. Sulcus bleeding index was similar to the results of gingival index. At 1 weeks after treatment, all experimental group were significantly different compared to control group and it maintained during study. At 2 weeks after treatment, sulcus bleeding index of all group were lowest during study. Gingival crevicular fluid were measured with $Periotron^{(R)}$ 8000($Oraflow^{(R)}$, Inc. USA). At baseline, all group were showed moderately severe condition. At 1 week after treatment, laser treatment only group was reduced quantity of gingival crevicular fluid mostly, and all group were reduced quantity of gingival crevicular fluid. At 2 weeks after treatment, all group were health state. At 4 and 8 weeks after treatment, all group were showed recurrent of inflammation, and control group was the most significantly increased. Conclusion: This study showed that the effects of $CO_2$ laser treatment were similar to conventional ultrasonic scaling and this result remained longer than plaque control only. These results suggest possibility of $CO_2$ laser treatment for altered periodontal therapy.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.114-131
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• 2002

1. PURPOSE : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Chungpyesagantang on LPS induced Arthritis in Mice. 2. METHOD : All the BALB/C Mice used in this study were 4wks of age at the start of the experiment. The experimental model of Arthritis was induced by injectection of $300{\mu}g/kg$ LPS in mice knee joint. The experiment was compare daily CS treatment group after Arthritis elicitation with Arthritis elicitated group at day 4, 7, 14 after Arthritis elicitation. 3. RESULTS 1) The hyperplasia of synoviocytes of CS treatment group after Arthritis elicitation is soften than Arthritis elicitated group. 2) The aggregation of collagen fibers CS treatment group after Arthritis elicitation is decreased than Arthritis elicitated group. 3) The distribution of TUNEL positive cells(apoptotic cell) of CS treatment group was remarkably increased than Arthritis elicitated group. 4) The distribution of $TNF-{\alpha}$, $NF-{\kappa}B\;p50$, COX-2 positive cells of CS treatment group after Arthritis elicitation in synovial membrane was decreased than Arthritis elicitated group. 5) The distribution of $IL-2R-{\alpha}$, ICAM-1 positive cells of CS treatment group after Arthritis elicitation in apical surface of synovial membrane was decreased than Arthritis elicitated group. 6) The distribution of $NF-{\kappa}B\;p50$, $IL-2R-{\alpha}$ in common iliac lymph node of CS treatment group after Arthritis elicitation positive cells was decreased than Arthritis elicitated group. 4. CONCLUSION : As a result of these experimental results, it may be concluded that Chungpyesagantang used for treatment of LPS induced Arthritis in Mice. Inflamation activity in CS treatment group after Arthritis elicitation was decreased than Arthritis elicitated group.