• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2009

PCB 표면 개질 및 세정에 있어서 저압 수은 램프를 이용한 UV 장비가 널리 사용되어왔다. 본 연구에서는 공정의 생산성을 향상 시키기 위하여 기존 UV 장비를 대체하여 리모트 DBD 방식의 대기압플라즈마 장비를 새로이 개발하였다. 두 장비의 생산성 비교는 처리 시간 증가에 따른 표면 접촉각의 변화를 측정함으로써 정량적으로 비교할 수 있었다. 측정 결과 대기압 플라즈마 장비의 생산성이 UV 장비에 비하여 매우 우수한 것으로 확인 되었다. 또한 XPS를 이용한 표면 조성 측정 결과 동일한 접촉각 수준에서 UV 및 대기압 처리의 효과는 유사한 것으로 파악되었다. 즉, 유기 오염 수준이 감소되었으며 표면 일부 표면 원소가 산회되었다. 최종적으로 대기압 플라즈마를 BGA제조의 플럭스 도포 공정에 적용하였는데, 대기압 플라즈마를 처리함으로써 도포 공정의 균일도가 향상되는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.156-162
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• 2008

Three major domestic softwoods, Korean red pine, Korean pine and larch, were heat-treated at $220^{\circ}C$ and for various treatment times for color changing. A new heat treatment equipment was developed for this study and was revealed working well for changing the colors of the three softwoods. The color difference index of 15 was obtained after 8 hours for Korean red pine and Korean pine, and 10 hours for Larch. The correlations of brightness, redness and yellowness with treatment time were different between species.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.129-154
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• 2008

As a practical means to upgrade urban sustainability, this paper focuses on resource cyclical systems concerned with the waste of electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) in Korea. Borrowing System Dynamics concepts and approaches, it examines behavioral changes of WEEE dynamics to observe whether the existing management methods can be readjusted. The measurement is based upon both reuse and material and thermal recycle simulation works in the individual stage of WEEE discharge, collection, and treatment, going beyond the traditional recycle-only customs. This research estimates that the newly introduced Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) system would definitely exert a significant impact on the final stage of WEEE treatment, decreasing the final treatment volume in the first half of the research period. The trend, nonetheless, would be reversed in the second half, mainly owing to the additional waste volume originated from the local government and recycling center. Sensitivity analysis poses, among others, that the local government-supported reuse center should take charge of a pivotal role in the long run. The research also shows that sufficientand necessary conditions for the WEEE management and treatment should be given to the combined efforts, both from the private sectors and the public domains. Based on these research findings, the paper recommends that key stakeholders including the producer and the public organizations should devise how to jointly carry out specific agenda centered around partnership or network buildings.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2011

The present study investigated the actual conditions of physical therapy rooms at long-term hospitals in Korea and conducted a comparative analysis to develop an efficient floor plan and facility improvement measures. 1. At hospitals surveyed, physical therapy services were used at a high frequency but they did not have enough space for rehab treatment and long paths of patient flow were found to make patient management inconvenient. Therefore, physical therapy units should be conveniently located both in terms of distance and direction so as to be accessible from patient rooms or wards. The space should be organized in a concentrated layout for efficiency of physical therapy, and floor planning for therapy units should ensure the best possible viewing angle to therapists. 2. With regard to the disease characteristics of patients, many physical therapy rooms were in difficult circumstances because of poor facilities, so they need to secure skilled personnel, supplement apparatuses and equipment and have rooms for functional recovery, hydrotherapy and operation treatment. In addition, each of the curtained or partitioned areas for treatment should be set up with consideration for the amount of space taken up by medical equipment. The area under each bed should be designed for patient convenience so that it can be used as storage space for patient's belongings and shoes. 3. Patients complained about the lack of physical therapy space, resting places or exercise areas and demanded the expansion of rehab programs and facilities. Physical therapy facilities need to be improved for patient privacy and effective natural ventilation. 4. At most of the long-term hospitals surveyed, physical therapy units were found to have small areas and treatment equipment and devices were insufficient compared to the number of patients. Therefore, it is required to secure more space (at least 138.24 sq. meters per 100 beds) and improve facilities for better physical therapy services.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.818-823
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• 2013

In the process of sterilization during the manufacture of beverages, both the treatment time and the temperature influence the beverage taste and flavor. Therefore, to improve the beverage quality, a nonthermal sterilization method is preferred to a high-temperature one. A nonthermal method, ultrasonic treatment by shock waves from cavitation, has been known to have a sterilizing effect. In this study, to observe the effect of ultrasonic frequency and treatment time on beverage quality, batch type ultrasonic equipment was fabricated and tested. Further, to evaluate the applicability of this ultrasonic method to an in-situ process, flow type ultrasonic heptagonal equipment was fabricated and then used to perform a sterilization experiment. Subsequently, the sterilizing effect was measured under ultrasonic and low-temperature ($55^{\circ}C$) treatments. Based on the obtained results, ultrasonic sterilization technology that can be applied for treatments at flow rates of up to 3 L/min was developed.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제28권A호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2008

As of 2003, construction waste has been produced at the level of 130,614.8 tons/day, in which the amount of waste concrete was 92,639.1 tons/day and accounted for about 66.4% of the amount of construction waste. Waste concrete is mainly produced in construction work and civil engineering work. Especially, road surface crushing method using a large amount of water requires thorough management of concrete wastewater. The aim of this study was to analyze water pollution due to concrete wastewater generated in repair of bridge deck using road surface crushing equipment and to suggest reasonable countermeasures for solve the problem. In this study, it was surveyed current conditions of produced concrete wastewater in bridge deck repair, analyzed physical features of concrete wastewater, expected effects of water pollution on inflow rivers if it is not treated, established treatment plan of water pollution by categories, and calculated capacity of each treatment process and required amount of necessary chemicals. As a result of sampling wastewater generated in field sites and testing it at a lab scale, it was revealed that the original wastewater was produced in removing concrete from bridge deck slabs using surface crushing equipment whose pH was 12.53, CODMn was 12.910mg/L, SS was 547.0mg/L, and other heavy metals were included in extremely small quantities.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.555-566
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop innovation index of hospital service integrating 6 sigma and SERVQUAL. Methods: This study used DMA(Define, Measure and Analysis) from 6 sigma and 5 Factors from SEVQUAL. To test data, chi-squire text, association analysis and behavior analysis was conducted. Results: This study indicated the management index through CTQ (Critical to Quality) and Chosen few X using 6 sigma process. Finally, And this study developed 5 Factors; Equipment Utilization in Tangibility, Ratio of Patients/Disease/Behavior/Treatment in Reliability, Survival RAte, Canselation Rate of Reservation, Churn Rate, Interval of Treatment and Confidence in Responsiveness, Frequency of Patients/Disease/Behavior/Treatment in Assurance and Contrast to Best Department/Best Doctor/Best Doctor in Faculty/Average of Mine in Empathy. Conclusion: This study developed innovation index of hospital service. Managing this index, hospital is able to achieve the decline of total treatment cycle, adjustment of patients behavior and increase of equipment utilization. Ultimately, hospital is able to accomplish innovation of healthcare service.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.335-343
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• 2005

The objective of this research is to evaluate a feasibility of wastewater reuse by membrane treatment with vibrating membrane separation equipment. Molecular weight of compounds in wastewater, permeability of membrane and retentate characterization after membrane filtration were investigated in order to determine appropriate membrane pore size and materials for wastewater treatment. Selected membrane was evaluated with vibration membrane separation equipment to optimize operating conditions. The following conclusion are drawn. 1. We got as following test results after the distribution of particles in the semiconductor wastewater, are made up of $1\~20{\mu}m$. Si, gold and Al in turn are contained in semiconductor wastewater. 2. Recovery rate is changeless under increasing recovery rate in operation. Though a value can be if pressure can be changed, the highest value of permeate rate is presented in 150 psi. 3. The AS-100(polysulpone) was selected as the most appropriate membranes for the treatment of semi-conductor wastewater to VSEP system. The fouling almost did not occur during this experiments. The analyses of treated water with VSEP system showed conductivity: 0.059,us/cm, TDS: 40mg/l, COD: 20mg/l, SS : 5mg/l, n-Hexane: 8.3mg/l. Comparing previous systems, operating expenses is decreased by more $50\%$.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.121-132
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• 2022

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are designed and built to remove contaminants from wastewater. WWTPs are composed of various facilities equipped with hydro-mechanical and electrical equipment. This paper presents a comparison of two different approaches for WWTPs modelling. Static modelling is suitable for determining the dimensions of facilities and equipment capacity. The special significance of this approach is for the design of new plants, i.e., when a very small number of input data on the quantities and composition of the influent wastewater is available. Dynamic modelling is expensive, time consuming and requires great expertise in the use of simulators, models and very good understanding of the treatment processes. Also, dynamic modelling is very important to use for optimization, consideration of future scenarios and also possible scenarios on the plant. The comparison of two approaches was made on the input data from the biggest and most important plant in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H)-WWTP Butila (Sarajevo). The main idea is to show the differences between two demanding accesses. It is important to know how to apply an adequate approach to research and solve the set task. The II phase of the plant Butila, which includes the removal of nutrients, is planned in several years and therefore the importance of research has increased.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.853-859
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to improve low digestibility in anaerobic digestion facility of the sewage treatment plant. To perform this research, sludge digestion and digestion gas purification facilities in sewage treatment plant was applied. In the result of this study, it was very effective for sludge reduction from the improvement of digestive efficiency. In addition, it was confirmed that high purity $CH_4$ (methane) was produced. This results can be useful as basic data to improve the low digestibility in anaerobic digestion processes.