• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.475-481
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• 2017

As the research about supplementary education of radiological technologist who works in Gyoungsangnam province, this study was conducted to draw the improvements by analyzing the satisfaction level and problems of the supplementary education. During November 01, 2016 to December 15, 2016, after we sent out a total of 250 questionnaires for the survey to radiological technologists working at medical institution located in Gyoungsangnam province, 200 questionnaires suitable for research were analysis by using SPSS 18.0 statistical analysis software. As the satisfaction factors, 21 items such as system, subject, help, appropriateness of lecturer selection, professionalism were used. And as the problem factors, 18 items such as place, transportation, diversity, administrative treatment, education promotion, proceed method were used. Consequentially, the satisfaction level(3.12 point) and problems(3.01 point) of the supplementary education were confirmed as normal level. The supplementary education is an essential education that any health and medical service personnel must complete. In order to improve the effectiveness and efficaciousness of the education, the diverse opinions and efforts to improve the education levels must be supported. Futhermore, through the realistic educational program, the continuous education for radiological technologist with excellent qualities and competence should be done.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2005

Injury has recently become a major world-wide health problem. Injury related deaths occur in many actively working young people and produce major social and economical losses. However health related specialists do not recognize the importance of injury and there have not been many studies related to this problem. This research studied the trends of injury related research in Korea, mortality rate and prevalence rate, socio-economical losses and control in Korea and out of the country, based on literature from Korea and without such as statistical yearly reports on causes of deaths and OECD health reports, as well as WHO web sites. Studies in Korea about injury were very few, with 9 in the 1960's, 5 in the 1980's, 4 in the 1990's and 5 in 2000's. Mortality rate of injury was higher in Korea than in England, USA or Japan, especially in car accidents, suicide and falls. In Korea, the yearly trends in mortality rates were highest in car accidents but those rates are falling, suicide is steadily rising, with highest rate in 2003. Falls is in second rank with no change in rates. In 2003, the ten causes of death in Korea were suicide in 5th rank, transport accidents in 7th rank, and falls in 10th rank. Considering age groups, in the teens, transport accidents were 1st rank, in the 20's and 30's, suicide was 1st rank, and although there were some differences, falls, drowning, assault, fire were in the top 10. Prevalence rates of injury could not be known, but in 2001, according to the National Health and Nutrition Survey, lifelong injury was 10%, and yearly major injury was 1.3%, major injury for two weeks was 0.1%, and minor injury was 10%. In other foreign countries, injury has become to be recognized as a major health related problem, and much programs are being set up to reduce injury related deaths and injuries. WHO is putting much effort in prevention of violence and transport accidents, and in the USA, Canada and Europe, there are injury surveillance systems. Recently, as suicide is increasing rapidly and providing much problems, each country are managing suicide prevention programs. In Korea, Ministry of Construction and Transportation is managing and guiding the policies for prevention of transport accidents. In September of 2004, the Ministry of Health and Welfare has set up a 5 year plan of suicide prevention.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.31 no.2 s.61
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• pp.293-309
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to compare the level of health-related quality of life and relating factor between institutional elderly and community living elderly. The subjects were 390 from Sanatorium or Nursing home and 467 from the community in Kwangju. The results are followed : 1) A comparison of ADL between two groups, institutional elderly and community living elderly, resulted in that community elderly were more significantly independent in the areas of bathing and transfer than institutional elderly. 2) A comparison of IADL between two groups resulted in that : Community elderly were more independent in the areas of using telephone and transportation, food preparation, house keeping, and doing laundry. Institutional elderly were more independent in the area of handling finances. 3) In the case of poor health-related quality of life, institutional elderly showed 2.4 times in the dimension of physical fitness, 1.8 times in daily activity, 2 times in social activity, 2 times in pain, 26.7 times in social support, and 0.4 times in subjective quality of life higher than community elderly There was no significant differences in the rest of dimensions. 4) In institutional elderly, the analysis of variables related to the health-related quality of life resulted in that; The relating factors were sex, education, and chronic illness in the dimension of physical function. Direct contact with family or significant others in the dimension of social activity. Chronic illness in the dimension of pain and perceived health status. Direct or indirect contact with family or significant others over the phone or through letters in the dimension of social support. 5) The analysis of variables related to the health-related quality of life showed that community elderly has more relating variables in each area than institutional elderly. The relating factors were age, sex, and chronic illness in the dimension of physical function. Education and chronic illness in the dimension of emotional status. Age and chronic illness in the dimension of daily activity and social activity Education and chronic illness in the dimension of pain and perceived health status. Sex, education, family size in the dimension of social support. Education and chronic illness in the dimension of subjective quality-of-life. Throughout general daily activity, community elderly showed more satisfactory results than institutional elderly, but in the subjective area of health-related quality of life, such as subjective quality of life, institutional elderly group showed more positive results. And community elderly had more relating factors than institutional elderly. For the health care of the elderly that focused on quality of life, new approaches considering the characteristics of both group, institutional and community living elderly, are needed.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.71-76
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• 2014

Master packaging system is a technology combining primary and secondary packaging to preserve the fresh produce in the supply chain. Master packaging system with tailor-designed gas transfer and $CO_2$ absorber of $Ca(OH)_2$ was applied to fresh shiitake mushroom in its supply from farm to retail store. The temperature, humidity and package atmosphere were monitored through the distribution and/or storage until the packages were opened to measure the mushroom quality. Conventional perforated individual packages without secondary master pack were prepared and travelled the same path for comparison purpose. While high temperature history was observed in some initial period of actual practice of the mushroom transportation and storage unexpectedly, the package atmosphere around the produce in the master packaging system was maintained at modified atmosphere consisting of $O_2$ concentration of 0.4 to 4.2% and $CO_2$ concentration of 0.7 to 1.7%, which is known to be beneficial for the mushroom preservation. While curing the mushrooms with precooled drying was effective for quality preservation, positive effect of master packaging system could be apparent for the uncured mushroom. Harmonized combination of curing treatment, master packaging system and temperature management was suggested for the best quality preservation of the fresh shiitake mushroom.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.325-332
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• 2008

To characterize the initiation, propagation and termination of Cochlodinium polykrikoides blooms in the southeast coastal waters of Korea, 2007, we have analyzed the data set of phytoplankton composition, physical and chemical water properties, and meterological data. The development of C. polykrikoides bloom in 2007 can be summarized in three steps. The first stage from middle of July to end of August was characterized by an unusually persistent and strong southerly wind. C. polykrikoides blooms established already by the strong wind in the middle of south coastal waters were advected intermittently into the study area. Accordingly, highly variable cell densities of C. polykrikoides were observed. At the second stage a favorable growing conditions for C. polykrikoides was developed, which was directed by changes in wind direction from south to northeast and thus enhanced transportation of offshore waters into inshore (August 8 to 30). C. polykrikoides bloom occurred through typical mechanism and showed high cell density. The last stage was represented by disappearance of C. polykrikoides. Typoon 'Nari' carrying heavy rain brought an unfavorable habitat to C. polykrikoides. Low saline condition formed in coastal water due to typoon effects continuously drove the dominant species to diatoms and flagellates which were prevailing over C. polykrikoides in this circumstances(from the middle of September). These stepwise processes could be the causative mechanism of the extraordinarily persistent C. polykrikoides bloom observed in southeast coastal water of Korea, 2007.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.473-481
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the fad dieting status and needs of nutrition education on healthy dieting in male and female collegians according to the desired loss weight. The subjects were 611 students (287 males, 324 females) from universities in Gyeonggi and Gangwon provinces in Korea. The subjects were divided into the following four groups based on the difference between their current body weight and their desired body weight: no desired weight loss (WL0), desired weight loss less than 5 kg (WL5), desired weight loss 6 to 10 kg (WL10), and desired weight loss more than 11 kg (WL11). The fad dieting status was surveyed using a questionnaire about 11 selected trendy dieting methods. The higher desired weight loss group showed higher current weight and BMI in both males and females. Self weight overestimation was higher in the females than in the males, and in the WL10 group than in the other groups of males. As desired loss weight increased, weight loss trials and experienced trendy dieting types increased in both males and females. In the male subjects, the experience of the half meal diet and the chicken breast diet was significantly associated with the desired loss weight. In females, trials of more trendy diet types including the half meal diet, cereal diet, fasting, and Atkins diet were significantly associated with the higher desired loss weight. The need for nutrition education on healthy dieting was high among all the different desired weight loss groups, showing that a minimum of 60% of subjects in each group answered 'necessary and strongly necessary', with the highest in the WL11 group in both males and females. From these results, desired loss weight is associated with higher current weight status, unhealthy weight control practices, and needs for nutrition education in both male and female subjects. Therefore, in the future, nutrition education programs should give greater attention to providing healthy dieting methods for young collegians who desire more weight loss.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.416-422
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• 2012

To prevent serious maritime accident and eliminate the cause of the potential maritime accidents, Maritime Safety Audit Scheme was formally institutionalized through amendment of Maritime Traffic Safety Act(May 27, '09). At the initial step of the enforcement of the law, it has risen the necessity of amending the present institution concerning with the range of applicable business, method of practice, detailed technical standards in the assessment articles, etc. Among them, the assessment of marine traffic congestion has been practiced as a mandatory assessment article, but it is analyzed that the assessment doesn't reflect current variation of ships' size and its speed. By analyzing the status of assessments on marine traffic congestion so far and collecting experts' opinion, this paper suggests draft amendments to improve technical standards on the assessment of marine traffic congestion.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.365-378
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• 2015

Herein, the preparation of anion exchange membrane (AEM) from brominated poly(2,6-dimethyl 1,6-phenylene oxide) BPPO and dimethylaniline (DMA) by phase-inversion process is reported. Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are prepared by varying the DMA contents. Prepared AEMs show high thermal stability, water uptake (WR) around 202% to 226%, dimensional change ratios of 1.5% to 2.6% and ion exchange capacities (IECs) of 0.34 mmol/g to 0.82 mmol/g with contact angle of $59.18^{\circ}$ to $65.15^{\circ}$. These membranes are porous in nature as confirmed by SEM observation. The porous property of membranes are important as it could reduce the resistance of transportation of ions across the membranes. They have been used in diffusion dialysis (DD) process for recovery of hydrochloric acid (HCl) from the mixture of HCl and ferrous chloride ($FeCl_2$). Presence of $-N+(CH_3)_2C_6H_5Br^-$ as a functional group in membrane matrix facilitates its applications in DD process. The dialysis coefficients of hydrochloric acid ($U_H$) of the membranes are in range of 0.0016 m/h to 0.14 m/h and the separation factors (S) are in range of 2.09 to 7.32 in the $HCl/FeCl_2$ system at room temperature. The porous membrane structure and presence of amine functional group are responsible for the mechanism of diffusion dialysis (DD).

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.401-417
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• 2020

As an increasing demand for rapid railway transportation, the construction of sidetrack is inevitable to operate local and express trains simultaneously. However, the current technologies for the sidetrack construction method require a long construction period by interrupting the operation of the existing subway line, as well as cause a huge economic loss. Thus, it is necessary to study the sidetrack construction method under the special situation that the subway is in operation and to analyze the risk of the existing tunnel enlargement process for the sidetrack construction. Therefore, in this paper, the Government Complex Gwacheon station on Subway Line 4 was considered as a target station for the virtual sidetrack construction and the optimal sidetrack construction plan was derived. Subsequently, the application of risk management process was carried out in the order of identifying risk, risk response planning, performing a risk analysis, risk monitoring and control for potential risk events during the construction of sidetrack under the subway operation. A total of eight potential risk events and risk mitigation methods were selected, and a risk assessment matrix was established using the five-step risk probability and impact level criteria to perform the risk assessment including residual risks. Based on the results of the risk assessment, the risk grade and the reduction effect of each risk mitigation method were confirmed.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.163-181
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• 2010

As a part of efforts to reduce the global emissions of greenhouse gases, the Kyoto Protocol was signed by major developed countries ("Annex I" countries). According to the Kyoto protocol, the Emission Trading Scheme that derives a trading market of the $CO_2$ emission rights is appeared. It causes that business institutions give lots of efforts to reduce $CO_2$ by using new environmentally sound technologies or increasing efficiency in production. On the while there have been several studies trying to develop a methodology to measure the effect of $CO_2$ reduction and its monetary value. In this research we suggest ECRE (Evaluation of $CO_2$ Reduction in E-transformation) model which can measure the $CO_2$ reduction effect through the introduction of G2B system. ECRC model was developed based on the IPCC methodology. ECRC model measures the two major effects of the $CO_2$ reduction which are '$CO_2$ reduction effect from transportation' and '$CO_2$ reduction effect from the decrease of paper use'. In this paper, we calculate the economic effect of $CO_2$ reduction with the case of the G2B system in Korea. This research suggests a basic methodology to measure the $CO_2$ reduction performance for the e-transformed institution.