• 제목/요약/키워드: Transitional Process

검색결과 143건 처리시간 0.033초

마리화나 남용환자의 역동적인 발달요인과 문제해결 (Dynamic Developmental Factors and their Problem Solving of Patients that Abuse Marihuana)

  • 원정숙
    • 대한간호학회지
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    • 제4권3호
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    • pp.105-116
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    • 1974
  • This study was made on patients who were Hospitalized due to sickness caused by the abuse of marihuana at the Psychiatric Section of a hospital during the period from Feb. to Oct., 1974. The following conclusion was obtained by reviewing the literature with respect to the nursing, and problem solving of those patients. 1. It appears that marihuana is a comparatively mild intoxicant in ordinary preparation without causing physical dependence or tolerance. 2. According to the status of men who are marihuana smokers, approximately 20% of them were college students, those preparing to retake college entrance examinations, non-employed and pharmacists. The men belong mostly to the middle foreigner′s mistress of higher, income bracket, and in the case of women, most of the smokers were US. servicemen entertainers. 3. Dynamic developmental factors: Case 1. : The patient had a characteristic, hysterical and emotionally unitable character, and was of low intelligence, In addition, to this already existing problem, the added uses of marihuana caused a mental illness to develope. Case 2 : The character, was reserved and introspective, her creative power and sentiment was fading and his ability of self-control was weakened. She used the smoking of marihuana to get rid of her own feeling of inferiority complex and tensions coming from interpersonal relationships. Case 3 : The patient was unconditionally resistive to the authoritativeness of superiors and irresponsible in his relationship with women, in his attitude concerning sex in general. He smoked marihuana because he felt become peace-loving and get enchanted experience through smoking it. 4. The points of issue appearing from the above case; (1) Movement of anti-social feelings against the "established system" by the youngsters. (2) Family problem. (3) Shamelessness, loss of motivation, disorderly attitude toward the sex, (4) Worries concerning the future. (5) Lack of knowledge concerning smoking of cigarette and marihuana. Chronic use of marihuana made, those youngman who had originally been ambitions to achieve something in life, lazy, inefficient, unable to make long-term plans, are such weak mined persons that they did not try to overcome problems when encountered. This will pose a great and important question in the mental health of the society, 5. Treatment and Problem sieving According to the literature, we will have to place importance upon hospitalized treatment The phases of treatment were divided into five parts. (1) Prehospital phase (2) Withdrawal Phase (3) Rehabilitation phase (4) Transitional phase (5) After-care phase The experiments have proved that there was much progress in the recovery of patients through environment therapy, supportive therapy and group psychotherapy. This was the above mentioned 5 phases of treating process in accordance with the weekly schedule of the hospital. It was thought that the patients would require prolonged after care management even after they were released from the hospital and that they will also require periodic visit, to the hospital and doctor′s interview with their family. In conclusion, the question of the young generation and marihuana smoking is becoming a great social problem in which their resistances to the "established system" and society is growing in the from of antiestablishment movements. In our country, the smoking of marihuana is gradually developing, therefore, I think, that it would be a very fortunate thing for us, if this report could be helpful for the motivation of further study on the questions of the young generation and its problems.

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증.개축에 따른 도시한옥 공간사용 방식의 변화에 관한 실태 조사연구 - 서울시 도시한옥의 DK화를 중심으로 - (A Research on the Change of Spatial Usage though Enlargment and Remodeling of Urban Traditional Residences - Focused on Dining-Kitchen conversion of seoul Urban Traditional Residences -)

  • 김석우;구수영;김용범;박용환
    • 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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    • 제18권5호
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    • pp.111-118
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    • 2009
  • Urban houses of traditional Korean Style are a type of habitation that happened during a transitional period when the modernization of habitation had progressed in 1930s, and also a habitation folding societal trails that had adapted and developed into urbanization together with the native traits of traditional Korean Style houses. Because they keep our style of living and the process of change just as they were, it is important work to shed light on and keep a record of it. So, this thesis arranges the contents of research on the actual condition of living, and may try to reason by analogy the changing style of residents' living through the change of space composition and the way of space usage for the urban houses of traditional Korean style that were changed by extension and remodeling of residents. As the concrete matters, it is to grasp the physical and spatial change of urban houses of traditional Korean style in accordance with extension and remodeling, and to analyze in which part and how they had been changing for the spatial composition of urban houses of traditional Korean style according to the change of living style, and especially the change toward a stand-up type of k stand-and the following traits and factors of the change toward Dining-Kitchen. The kitchen changed toward Dining-Kitchen shows some typical discrepancies depending on the location of kitchen as like a case of changing toward Dining-Kitchen from the existing location, a case of extending into the rear side of kitchen, a case of switching of location between kitchen and the inner room, and a case of changing toward Dining-Kitchen from the location of a room across from the main living room. As kitchen changed toward Dining-Kitchen like these, it shows that the connecting trace into the inner room came out, each room came to show a bit clearer function but grow smaller relation with the threshing ground, and also the function of the threshing ground came reduced.

계명산층내 알칼리 화강암 기원의 Nb-Y 광화작용에 수반되는 퍼구소나이트의 지구화학 및 산출특성 연구 (Geochemical and Petrographical Studies on the Fergusonite Associated with the Nb-Y Mineralization Related to the Alkaline Granite, Kyemyeongsan Formation, Korea)

  • 박맹언;김근수;최인식
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제30권5호
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    • pp.395-406
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    • 1997
  • Some RE (Zr, Nb, REE) ore deposits are located in the middle part of the Korean peninsula. Geotectonically, the RE ore deposits situated on the Kyemyeongsan Formation of northern margin of the Okcheon geosynclinal belt and in the transitional zone between Kyeonggi massif and Okcheon belt. The rare metal deposits distributed in Kyemyeongsan Formation which consists of schist and alkaline granite. The alkali granite has suffered extensive post-magmatic metasomatism and hydrothermal processes. The ore contains mainly Ce-La, Ta-Nb, Y, Y-Nb, Ti-Nb-(U), Nd-Th group minerals. Fergusonite, one of Nb-Y rich REE minerals belonging to the A-B oxides, is most common mineral in the rare metal deposits. The fergusonite bearing rocks may be devided into four types by occurrence features and mineral association, that is, zircon type, allanite vein, feldspar type, and fluorite type. Fergusonites show wide variations in optical properties, due to part of differences in their chemical composition (depending on the types), but also the degree of crystalinity of the individual specimens. Fergusonite metamicts enclosed in biotite are generally surrounded by well developed pleochroic haloes. Usually, fergusonite is accompanied with zircon and other REE-bearing minerals. Petrographical and chemical data are presented for fergusonites which collected different types. $Nb_2O_3$ and $Y_2O_3$ contents range from 48.51 to 53.01 wt.% and 29.18 to 42.02 wt.% respectively. Also, $ThO_2$, (1.83~6.93), $UO_2$, (0.17~2.84), ${\sum}RE_2O_3$ (except to Y) (1.11~8.73), and $TiO_2$, (0.19~1.19 wt.%) contents show variational compositions according to fergusonite types. The ${\sum}RE_2O_3$ of fergusonites are positive relation with $Y_2O_3$ and negative relaton with $ThO_2$ and $({\sum}{RE_2O_3}-{Y_2O_3})$. The $Nb_2O_3$ is sightly negative relation with $Ta_2O_3$. Back-scattered electron microscope images (BEI) of fergusonite show the mineral composition and textural feature is very complicated. The variation of Nb, Th and REE content of fergusonite and the modes of occurrence of mineral, suggests that REE may have been mobilized during the circulation of hydrothermal fluids related to contact metamorphism (metasomatism). The chemical variation of the fergusonites with occurrences and mineral association can be related to metasomatism of alkaline fluid was probably the dominant ore-forming process in Chungju district.

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경기북부 섬유패션산업 혁신을 위한 필요 정책요인 분석연구 (Study on Political Factors for Innovating Textile and Fashion Industry in Northern Gyeonggi Province)

  • 윤창주;황찬규;권헌공;원문예
    • 융합정보논문지
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.253-263
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    • 2018
  • 경기북부 지역 내 섬유패션산업은 23개 제조업종 중 가장 큰 비중(17.7%, 10인 이상 사업체 수 기준)을 차지하는 중추 기반산업이다. 하지만 소규모 공정별 임가공 업체가 대다수이고 최근 이 임가공업체에 오더를 주던 중대형 벤더의 해외이탈이 가속화됨에 따라 오더가 급감하고 있고 이로 인해 투자 감소로 이어지는 악순환 고리가 고착화되어 가고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 이러한 악순환 고리를 끊고 경기북부 섬유패션산업의 구조 고도화를 위한 정책요인을 분석하고 구체적 정책 제언을 위해. 각종 산업통계 데이터를 조사, 분석하여 관련 산업규모의 변화추이, 경영환경 변화 등을 파악한 결과와 관련 문헌조사 등의 선행연구결과 및 산 학 연 관 전문가의 의견조사를 바탕으로 AHP 연구모형(4개 계층, 36개 요소)을 설계하였고. 계층 간 및 계층 내 요인(요소)들 간 쌍대비교를 통해 상대적 중요도 및 우선순위를 도출하였다. 또한 이 연구모형 및 그 도출 결과를 반영한 섬유패션산업의 비전, 전략, 핵심과제 및 세부추진과제를 구체적으로 제안하여 본 연구결과의 유용성 및 활용성을 제고하였다.

Feasibility of seed bank for restoration of salt marsh: a case study around the Gwangyang Bay, southern Korea

  • Lee, Seon-Mi;Cho, Yong-Chan;Lee, Chang-Seok
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제35권2호
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    • pp.123-129
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    • 2012
  • Salt marsh is an important transitional zone among terrestrial, riverine, and marine ecosystems and is a productive habitat that interacts extensively with adjacent landscape elements of estuarine and coastal ecosystems. Nowadays, in addition to various human activities, a variety of natural processes induce changes in salt marshes. This study aims to provide background information to restore disturbed salt marshes and to propose their ecological restoration using seed banks. The study area is a prepared area for the Gwangyang Container Port located in the southern Korea. This area was formed by accumulating mud soils dredged from the bottom of the forward sea. This land was created in a serial process of preparing the Gwangyang container port and the salt marsh was passively restored by seeds buried in mud soil dredged from seabed. As a result of stand ordination based on vegetation data collected from the land, stands were arranged according to tolerance to salinity in the order of $Suaeda$ $maritima$, $Salicornia$ $europaea$, and $Phragmites$ $communis$ communities on the Axis 1. Landscape structure of the projected area was analyzed as well. Edges of the projected area were divided from the marginal waterway by the dike. Four types of vegetation appeared on the dike: $Alnus$ $firma$ plantation, $Robinia$ $pseudoacacia$ plantation, $Lespedeza$ $cyrtobotrya$ plantation, and grassland. In the more internal areas, two types of vegetation sequences appeared: $Aster$ $tripolium$ community-$Suaeda$ $glauca$ community-$Salicornia$ $europaea$ community sequence and $Aster$ $tripolium$ community-$Suaeda$ $maritima$ community-$S.$ $europaea$ community sequence. Mixed community showed the highest species diversity (H' = 0.86) and $S.$ $europaea$ community showed the lowest (H' = 0.0). Evenness is the highest in Mixed community (J' = 2.26) and the lowest in $S.$ $maritime-S.$ $europaea$ community (J' = 0.0). Several plant communities were successfully established on the land created by mud soil dredged from the bottom of Gwangyang Bay. Moreover, community diversity in this area approached a similar level with those from other studies involving natural salt marshes. Therefore, restoration effect based on community diversity obtained in our study can be evaluated as a successful achievement. In this respect, although most salt marshes in Korea and other places worldwide have been destroyed or disturbed by excessive land use, feasibility of seed bank as a restoration tool is greatly expected.

제주도의 솔리아이트 화산활동 (Tholeitic volcanism in Cheju Island, Korea)

  • 박준범;권성택
    • 암석학회지
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.66-83
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    • 1996
  • 이 연구는 알칼리 화산도로 특정지워진 제주도의 동부 성읍리, 서부 한림읍 이사돌 그리고 한경면고산리 지구내 해안에 분포하는 수매의 솔리아이트에 대한 암석기재, 광물화학, 주성분 및 미량성분 원소의 화학자료를 보고한다. 이들은 주로 반상조직인 알칼리암류에 비해 세립질이며, 주상 혹은 침상의 사장석 ($An_{61-46}$)과 사방휘석(브론자이트) 및 감람석($Fo_{78-67}$)이 입자간 조직을이룬다. 특징적으로 사방휘석이 반자형의 반정 혹은 미반정으로 산출되고, 두 유형의 단사휘석(피저나이트와 보통 휘석)은 석기 광물로만 산출한다. 이들 솔리아이트는 노옴 석영을 가지며, 주성분 원소의 변화 범위는 좁다(SiO2=51.0-52.5 wt%; Mg#=54-60). 주성분 원소와 전이금속 원소의 변화경향이 알칼리암ㄹ와 두드러진 것은 동일 마그마의 분화로 솔리아이트와 알칼리암의 관계를 설명할 수 없다는 것을 시사한다. 한편, $K_2O$, Rb, Ba, Nb, La들 간의 비는 솔리아이트와 알칼리암이 유사한 반면, P, Y, Yb 등 석류석과 친화적인 원소와 이 원소들 간의 비는 솔리아이트가 알칼리암보다 크다. 이러한 미량원소 특징은 제주도의 솔리아이트와 알칼리 현무암류는 동질 기원이나 부분용융정도가 다른 모마그마로부터 유래되었음을 시사한다.

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과학사 자료를 활용한 중학생들의 천동설에서 지동설로의 개념 변화 (Middle School Student’s Conceptual Change from Geocentricism to Heliocentricism Using Science History Materials)

  • 최진희;김희수;정정인
    • 한국지구과학회지
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    • 제26권6호
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    • pp.489-500
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    • 2005
  • 본 연구의 목적은 중학생에게 과학사 자료를 활용한 인지 갈등 수업을 하였을 때 나타나는 ‘우주관’에 대한 개념 변화의 인지적 과정을 살펴보는 것이다. 연구 대상은 인지수준이 각각 상, 중, 하인 중학교 2학년 학생 남녀 4명을 표집 하였다. 매 차시별 수업 후 형성된 학생의 ‘우주관’ 개념에 대해 면담과 탐구 활동지 분석을 실시하였으며, 사전$\cdot$사후 개념 검사로 개념 변화 정도를 알아보았다. 연구결과 4명의 학생들이 가지고 있는 천문학적 선개념은 차이가 있었고 천체의 운동과 관련된 오개념도 다양하였다. 형식적 조작기와 전이단계 있는 학생은 과학사를 이용한 수업을 통하여 천동설에서 지동설로 개념 변화가 이루어졌다. 그에 비하여 구체적 조작기에 해당하는 학생의 선개념은 전반적으로 비과학적이거나 무개념 상태였으며, 인지 갈등을 일으킬 만한 현상을 제시하여도 개념 변화를 일으키지 못하는 등 과정에 어려움을 보였다. 이 단계의 학생에게는 새로운 자료를 제시하고 이를 설명하게 하는 인지 갈등 과정을 통하여 천동설에서 지동설로의 개념 변화를 일으켰다. 수업 처치 후 학생들의 개념 검사지의 성취도가 $10\%$ 이상 높아졌다. 이는 과학사 자료를 이용한 학습 지도가 과학적 개념 변화에 있어 효과적이라고 할 수 있다.

클라우드 컴퓨팅 서비스 활성화를 위한 기술적 측면 특성요인의 중요도 우선순위 분석 (Analysis of Priority of Technical Factors for Enabling Cloud Computing Services)

  • 강다연;황종호
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제17권8호
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    • pp.123-130
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    • 2019
  • 본격적인 사물인터넷(IoT) 시대의 도래는 다양한 형태의 정보를 사물인터넷 기기를 통해 수집하게 되고, 수집된 방대한 정보는 분석과정에 의해 새로운 정보로 탄생한다. 이렇게 생성된 정보를 효과적으로 저장하기 위해서는 유연성과 확장성이 뛰어난 클라우드 컴퓨팅 시스템이 유리하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 효과적인 클라이언트 시스템 수용을 위한 주요 결정요인을 동기요인(경제성, 효율성 등)과 저해요인(전환비용, 보안문제 등)으로 보고, 저해요인을 중심으로 새로운 시스템 수용결정을 함에 있어서 어떤 세부요인이 주요하게 작용하는지에 대한 순위 파악에 연구목적을 두고 있다. 주요우선순위 결정에 필요한 요인은 문헌고찰을 통해 확보된 기술 관점의 시스템 수용결정 요인으로 정하고, 도출된 요인을 중심으로 설문지를 작성한 후, 관련 전문가를 대상으로 설문을 실시하고자 한다. 그리고 AHP분석을 통해 의사결정단위 측정을 위한 요소들 간의 쌍대비교를 수행하여 최종 우선순위를 도출하고자 한다. 나아가 본 연구 결과는 기술 수용(활성화)에 따른 의사결정을 함에 있어서 중요한 판단 근거가 될 것이다.

인도네시아 시민윤리교육 교과서에서의 민주주의 교육 (Teaching Democracy in Indonesian Civic Education Textbook)

  • 김현경
    • 동남아시아연구
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    • 제27권3호
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    • pp.1-47
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    • 2017
  • 인도네시아 시민윤리교육 교과서는 인도네시아식 민주주의와 그 가치에 대해 설명할 때, 보편적인 민주적 원칙과 반대의 자유 및 소극적 자유, 그리고 기본 권리의 보장 등과 같은 내용들을 모두 다루고 있다. 그러나 자유민주주의, 자유주의와의 차별화를 통해 통합과 안정을 상대적으로 강조하는 경향을 보인다. 이는 유기체국가주의와 가족주의 국가관의 철학을 적용시킨 독립 당시의 국가관, 그리고 빈번한 집단폭력의 경험이라는 역사적 맥락에 근거한다. 인도네시아의 특성에 따라 교과서 내에서 상대적으로 통합과 안정을 강조하는 경향이 드러나기는 하지만, 민주주의에 대한 기본적인 설명에 '참여의 자유'와 '반대의 자유'를 모두 포함한 '소극적 자유'의 구체적인 내용을 모두 적시하고 있기 때문에 교과서에 반영되어 있는 유기체국가주의는 변화의 과정을 겪고 있다. 그리고 개인의 권리와 자유의 중요성과 필요성을 말하는 동시에 국가의 통합과 안정이 상대적으로 강조되는 것은 변화의 과정에서 발생하는 논리적 긴장이라고 해석하였다. 교과서의 서술 방식과 그 경로를 따라 자유 및 권리와 관련된 교육내용을 점검했을 때 일부 개념의 설명과 사례를 소개하는 부분에서 개념의 원칙 및 규범과 그러한 원칙과 규범을 인도네시아에 적용하는 설명 간에 일종의 논리적 긴장과 오류가 발견되었다. 또한, 개념뿐만 아니라 마르시나 사건과 무니르 사건과 같은 구체적인 인도네시아의 인권 관련 사례를 설명하는 데 있어서도 사실이 왜곡되거나 간과되는 부분도 존재하였다. 역사적 사실에 대한 왜곡은 교과서가 내용을 서술하는 데에 있어 오류를 범하고 있는 것으로 해석될 수 있고, 개념과 그 적용에 대한 설명 간에 간극이 존재하는 것으로도 해석되었다.

Target engagement of ginsenosides in mild cognitive impairment using mass spectrometry-based drug affinity responsive target stability

  • Zhu, Zhu;Li, Ruimei;Qin, Wei;Zhang, Hantao;Cheng, Yao;Chen, Feiyan;Chen, Cuihua;Chen, Lin;Zhao, Yunan
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • 제46권6호
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    • pp.750-758
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    • 2022
  • Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transitional condition between normality and dementia. Ginseng is known to have effects on attenuating cognitive deficits in neurogenerative diseases. Ginsenosides are the main bioactive component of ginseng, and their protein targets have not been fully understood. Furthermore, no thorough analysis is reported in ginsenoside-related protein targets in MCI. Methods: The candidate protein targets of ginsenosides in brain tissues were identified by drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) coupled with label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Network pharmacology approach was used to collect the therapeutic targets for MCI. Based on the above-mentioned overlapping targets, we built up a proteineprotein interaction (PPI) network in STRING database and conducted gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. Finally, we assessed the effects of ginseng total saponins (GTS) and different ginsenosides on mitochondrial function by measuring the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex and performing molecular docking. Results: We screened 2526 MCI-related protein targets by databases and 349 ginsenoside-related protein targets by DARTS. On the basis of these 81 overlapping genes, enrichment analysis showed the mitochondria played an important role in GTS-mediated MCI pharmacological process. Mitochondrial function analysis showed GTS, protopanaxatriol (PPT), and Rd increased the activities of complex I in a dose-dependent manner. Molecular docking also predicted the docking pockets between PPT or Rd and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. Conclusion: This study indicated that ginsenosides might alleviate MCI by targeting respiratory chain complex I and regulating mitochondrial function, supporting ginseng's therapeutic application in cognitive deficits.